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List of official languages

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Official languages of sovereign countries

Afrikaans:

  • South Africa (with English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Albanian:

Arabic:

Armenian:

Assamese:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Aymara:

  • Bolivia (with Spanish and Quechua)
  • Peru (with Spanish and Quechua)

Azeri:

Bahasa Indonesia:

Belarusian:

Bengali:

  • Bangladesh
  • India (with English, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Assamese, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Sanskrit, Sindhi)

Bosnian:

Bulgarian:

Catalan:

Chinese:

Croatian

Czech:

Danish

Dari:

Dhivehi:

Dutch:

Dzongkha:

English:

Estonian:

Fijian

Filipino:

Finnish:

French:

Frisian:

Georgian:

German:

Greek:

Guarani

Gujarati:

Haitian Creole:

Hebrew:

Hindi

  • India (with English and 14 other languages)
  • Fiji (with English and Bau Fijian; known constitutionally as Hindustani as an umbrella term to cover Urdu, as well as Hindi.)

Hiri Motu:

Hungarian:

Irish Gaelic is the national and first official language of:

Italian:

Japanese:

Kannada:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Kashmiri:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Kazakh:

Khmer:

Korean:

Kurdish:

Kyrgyz:

Lao:

Latin:

Latvian:

Lithuanian:

Macedonian:

Malay:

Malayalam:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Māori:

Marathi:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Moldovan (asserted by nationalists to be distinct from Romanian; most linguists remain skeptical):

Mongolian

Ndebele:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Nepali:

Northern Sotho:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Norwegian:

  • Norway (two official written forms - Bokmål and Nynorsk)

Oriya:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Pashtu:

Persian:

Polish:

Portuguese:

Punjabi:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Quechua

  • Bolivia (with Spanish and Aymara)
  • Peru (with Spanish and Aymara)

Romanian:

Rhaeto-Romansh:

Russian:

Sanskrit:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi)

Serbian:

Sindhi:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sanskrit)

Sinhala:

  • Sri Lanka (with Tamil, and with English as a link language)

Slovak

Slovene:


Somali:

Sotho:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Spanish:

Swahili:

Swazi:

  • Swaziland (with English)
  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Swedish:

Tajik:

Tamil:

  • Singapore (with Malay, English and Chinese)
  • India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
  • Sri Lanka (with Sinhala, and with English as a link language)

Telugu:

  • India (with English, Bengali, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)

Tetum:

Thai:

Tok Pisin:

Tsonga:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Tswana:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)

Turkish:

Turkmen:

Ukrainian:

Urdu:

  • India (with Hindi, English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
  • Pakistan

Uzbek:

Venda:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Xhosa, Zulu)

Vietnamese:

Xhosa:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Zulu)

Zulu:

  • South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)

Official languages at the level of state or provincial unit only

Aranese see Occitan

Basque:

Cantonese:

Catalan:

Chipewyan:

Cree:

Dogrib:

English:

French:

Galician:

NOTE: Whether Galician is in fact a language, or a dialect of Portuguese, is a matter of debate among linguists.

Gwich'in:

Hawaiian:

Inuktitut:

Inuvialuktun:

  • Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuktitut)
  • Northwest Territories (included in Inuktitut; with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwich'in, and Slavey)

Irish Gaelic:

Occitan (Aranese):

Rusyn:

  • Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak)

Sami:

  • Finland (in four municipalities)
  • Norway (in six municipalities)
  • Sweden (in four municipalities and surrounding municipalities)

Slavey:

Spanish:

Scots Gaelic:

Tibetan:

  • Tibet (with Chinese (Mandarin))

Uyghur:

Welsh:

Zhuang:

A map of official languages: (note: source is CIA World Factbook. Countries that include several official languages only use one, often to avoid adding languages to the chart unnecessarily, preventing confusion.) Official Languages Maps

See also

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