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National City Corp.

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National City Corporation
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustrySuper Regional Banks
Founded1845
HeadquartersCleveland, Ohio, USA
Key people
Peter E. Raskind;
Chairman, President & CEO
Productscommercial and retail banking, mortgage financing and servicing, consumer finance and asset management
RevenueUS$ 11.79 billion (2008)
US$ 314 million (2008)
Total assetsUS$ 150.4 billion (2008)
Number of employees
31,270 (2006) Full-Time
ParentPNC Financial Services
Websitewww.nationalcity.com

National City Corporation was based in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, and founded in 1845, used to be one of the ten largest banks in America in terms of deposits, mortgages and home equity lines of credit. Subsidiary National City Mortgage is credited for doing the first mortgage in America. The company operated through an extensive banking network primarily in Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Florida, and Wisconsin, and also serves customers in selected markets nationally. Its core businesses included commercial and retail banking, mortgage financing and servicing, consumer finance, and asset management. The bank reaches out to customers primarily through mass advertising and offers comprehensive banking services online.

In 2007, National City Corp. ranked number 188 on the Fortune 500 list, and 9th in terms of revenue in the U.S. commercial banking industry with total assets of about $140 billion.

PNC Financial Services announced October 24, 2008 its purchase of National City for about $5.2 billion in stock with funds from the U.S. Treasury. The acquisition, which completed on December 31 2008[1], was described as a "take-under,"[2] meaning the purchase price was below National City's market value.[3]

Regulatory scrutiny

The Wall Street Journal reported on June 6, 2008 that National City Corp. had entered into a memorandum of understanding with federal regulators, effectively putting the bank on probation. Terms of the confidential agreement, entered into a month earlier with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (which regulates nationally chartered banks), were not known.[4]

On June 10, 2008, National City Corp. confirmed that it had reached agreements with regulators "regarding capital levels, risk-management practices and other aspects of its business." The company stated that there had been no material developments in these areas since these memorandums of understanding were signed in April and May, 2008.[5]

History

National City Bank was founded on 17 May 1845, when a group of Cleveland businessmen pooled $50,000 to organize the City Bank of Cleveland, the first bank opened under the Ohio Bank Act of 1845 in a small town with no gas, electricity, public waterworks, or railroad. [6] Reuben Sheldon and Theodoric C. Severance, formerly of the Fireman's Insurance Company, organized The City Bank of Cleveland. The city's only bank at the time, opened its doors to the public at No. 52 Superior Street. [7]

Historical timeline[8]

  • 1845: Reuben Sheldon and Theodoric C. Severance, formerly of the Fireman's Insurance Company, organize The City Bank of Cleveland.
  • 1865: City Bank of Cleveland becomes National City Bank of Cleveland, receiving a national charter that includes the right to print federal money. This responsibility lasts until the 20th century, when the Federal Reserve assumes the function of printing all U.S. currency.
  • 1881: National City Bank records more than $1 million in assets.
  • 1901: National City Bank passes $2 million in assets.
  • 1912-1913: National City Bank's assets rise from $2.5 million to $4.5 million.
  • 1914-1918: National City Bank purchases $100 million in U.S. Bonds to help finance World War I and sees its own assets increase to $15.5 million.
  • 1929: National City Bank accumulates $40 million in assets.
  • 1933: National City Bank is the only bank in Cleveland giving 100 cents on the dollar to its depositors, while for several weeks most other banks are providing only five cents on the dollar.[citation needed] When many other banks are forced to shut down permanently following FDR's banking moratorium, National City Bank is deemed to be solid, and is permitted to resume full operations.
  • 1945: Nearing $500 million in assets, National City Bank celebrates its 100th Anniversary.
  • 1972: National City Bank's assets pass $2 billion.
  • 1973: A new holding company, National City Corporation, is created with National City Bank (its name shortened from National City Bank of Cleveland) as its lead bank and primary subsidiary.
  • 1975: National City Bank purchases the assets of the failing Northern Ohio Bank for $3.7 million.
  • 1976: National City Bank spends $3.8 million acquiring The Bank of Cleveland.
  • 1977: The First National Bank of Dayton is the corporation's first major acquisition. Two banks had merged to create the Dayton Bank in 1961: Merchant's National Bank (1871) and People's Bank & Trust Co. (1957).
  • 1978: The Huron County Banking company in Norwalk, Ohio, is acquired. The bank is renamed National City Bank, Norwalk in 1985.
  • 1980: National City Bank moves its headquarters to the newly constructed 35-story National City Center, as does its parent company, National City Corporation.
  • 1982: Ohio Citizens Bancorp in Toledo is acquired.
  • 1982: The Goodyear Bank in Akron is acquired. Founded in 1933 by the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, it was Ohio's first company-owned bank.
  • 1982: Beginning in May, National City Bank becomes one of two Cleveland banks to link its Visa and MasterCard credit card interest rates to the cost of money, changing interest fees every six months according to the fluctuations of Treasury Bill Rates.
  • 1982: National City Bank reports a resumption of growth in annual earnings.
  • 1984: National City Corporation acquires BancOhio Corporation of Columbus to create the state's largest bank holding company. Together their assets total $12.5 billion, with a banking network encompassing 350 branches in 52 of the state's 88 counties.
  • 1986: National City Bank acquires 14 area offices and $460 million in deposits of the Broadview Savings and Loan Company.
  • 1988: National City Corporation expands into the Kentucky market by acquiring First Kentucky National Corporation of Louisville. Member banks of First Kentucky include First National bank of Louisville (1863); American National Bank & Trust Company, Bowling Green (1886); Crestwood State Bank (1896); Central Bank and Trust Company, Owensboro (1890); third National Bank of Ashland (1916); and First National Bank of Indiana, New Albany (1904). The largest, Commerce National in Lexington, resulted from a merger of Bank of Commerce (1911) and Second National Bank (1883).
  • 1989: National City Mortgage Company acquires Shawmut Mortgage Company in Miamisburg, Ohio.
  • 1990: National City corporation establishes National City Investment Corporation, allowing the corporation to offer investment choices equal to that of a full-service brokerage.
  • 1990: Gem Savings Association, a $1.6 billion asset savings and loan company with 25 branches in Dayton and Cincinnati, is acquired.
  • 1991: In October, National City Corporation announces it has reached an agreement with Merchants National Corporation to acquire the Indianapolis-based holding company. Member banks of Merchants National consist of: Anderson Banking Company (1890); Batesville State Bank (1889); Central National Bank of Greencastle (1883); Citizens National Bank of Tipton (1904); Elston Bank & Trust Company (1853); Farmers National Bank of Shelbyville (1886); Fayette Bank and Trust Company (1902); First National Bank of East Chicago (1909); First National Bank of Indiana, Logansport (1931); Hancock Bank & Trust Company, Greenfield (1874); Madison Bank & Trust Company (1833); Mid State Bank, Zionsville (1882); Mid State Bank of Hendricks County, Danville (1904); The National Bank of Greenwood (1934); The Seymour National Bank (1891); and Union State Bank, Carmel (1923).
  • 1993: National City acquires Ohio Bancorp, Youngstown. Its member banks are: The Dollar Savings and Trust Company, Youngstown (1887); The Potters Bank and Trust Company, East Liverpool (1881); Peoples Banking Company, Martins Ferry (1891); Bank 2000, Minerva (1915); and The Miners and Mechanics Savings and Trust Company, Steubenville (1913).
  • 1995: Central Indiana Bancorp, Kokomo and United Bancorp of Lexington, Kentucky are acquired.
  • 1995: National City celebrates its 150th Anniversary with $32 billion in assets, 640 branches and 20,000 employees.
  • 1997: National City merges with First of America creating the 13th largest banking organization in the U.S. at that time in terms of total assets. First of America is a $22 billion asset bank holding company headquartered in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The combined company had assets of $74.4 billion, deposits of $48.4 billion and stockholders' equity of $6.1 billion.
  • 1997: National City purchases certain assets of the mortgage loan origination businesses owned by First National Mortgage Corporation and Eastern Mortgage Services, Inc, and American Mortgage Source, Inc.
  • 1998: National City acquires Fort Wayne National Corporation with assets of $3.3 billion.
  • 1999: National City closes on acquisition of First Franklin Financial Companies.
  • 2004: National City completes $2.1 billion purchase of Cincinnati-based Provident Financial Group.
  • 2004: National City acquired Wayne Bancorp, a bank holding company headquartered in Wooster, Ohio which operated 26 branches and had $825 million in assets.
  • 2005: National City acquired Allegiant Bancorp to enter the St. Louis market, adding 36 branch locations to National City's network of 1,100 retail offices located throughout the midwest.
  • 2006: National City sells First Franklin group to Merrill Lynch & Co. $1.3 billion.
  • 2006: National City acquires Fidelity Bankshares. Headquartered in West Palm Beach, Fidelity had $4.2 billion in total assets and operated 52 branches.
  • 2006: National City acquires Harbor Florida Bancshares, the holding company for Harbor Federal Savings Bank. Harbor Florida is the fifth-largest publicly traded banking institution based in Florida. Headquartered in Fort Pierce, Harbor Florida has total assets of $3.2 billion and 40 branches.
  • 2007: National City acquires MAF Bancorp, Inc., the holding company for MidAmerica Bank, which operates 82 branches throughout Chicago and Milwaukee and surrounding areas. MidAmerica is the 11th largest banking institution in the Chicago market with $5.7 billion in deposits and 58 branches and the fifth largest in Milwaukee with $1.3 billion in deposits and 24 branches.
  • 2007: Peter Raskind succeeds David A. Daberko as President and CEO of the company, after Daberko was criticized for his expansion into subprime mortgages, bank acquisitions and share buy backs.
  • 2007: National City announces that their Wholesale Mortgage Division will cease operations effective December 31, 2007 in the face of record foreclosures. Employees were notified via email and conference call from Buck Bibb, head of National City Mortgage.
  • 2008: National City Corp. disclosed in a regulatory filing that it is the subject of an "informal" Securities and Exchange Commission investigation related to matters including loan underwriting, bank regulatory matters, and the sale of a subprime subsidiary, First Franklin Financial Corporation, to Merrill Lynch & Co. for $1.3 Billion in 2006.
  • 2008: On October 24, 2008 PNC Bank announced that it had purchased National City. The deal was approved by shareholders of both banks on December 23, 2008. According to a press release by PNC group, PNC intends to merge National City's banking affiliates into PNC Bank and they will assume the PNC Bank name. The merged entity will have its headquarters in Pittsburgh, PA.
  • 2008: On December 9, 2008 Shareholders of National City Corp. have filed lawsuits to halt the sale of the commercial bank to PNC Bank [9]
  • 2008: On Decemeber 31, 2008 PNC completed the acquisition of National City.

Recent transactions

National City has been on an acquisition spree from 2004 through 2008, including its $2.1 billion purchase of Cincinnati-based Provident Financial Group in 2004. In addition, in 2005, National City acquired Allegiant Bancorp to secure a presence in the St. Louis, MO market. In 2006, they acquired Fidelity Bankshares Inc. for an estimated $1 billion dollar deal that is half cash, half stock. Also acquiring Harbor Florida Bancshares Inc. through a $1.1 billion stock deal, both banks are located in Florida. Combined it gives National City $7.4 billion of assets in Florida. It also gives National City 94 branches in a market that is growing quickly. On the other side of the ledger, National City sold to Bank of America its 83% stake in National Processing Company, which earns fees from processing merchant credit card transactions. The sale of San Jose, California based First Franklin origination franchise and related servicing platform to Merrill Lynch & Co. was completed on 30 December 2006 for $1.3 billion. In May 2007, National City announced the purchase of MAF Bancorp Inc., the holding company for MidAmerica Bank. As of 30 June 2006, MidAmerica Bank had the 9th-ranked market share in the Chicago-Naperville-Joliet Metropolitan Statistical Area at 2.18%. Following the merger using the same dataset, the combined National City and MidAmerica Banks will rank 4th in the market with a market share of 3.96% and deposits of more than $10 billion.[10]

On October 9, 2008, The Wall Street Journal ran an article citing unnamed sources indicating that National City was in talks with several other banks for a possible sale. The article named Pittsburgh based PNC Bank and Toronto based Bank of Nova Scotia as the leading contenders. A spokesperson for National City declined to comment on the report [11]. On October 24, 2008 PNC Bank announced that it had finalized a purchase agreement for National City. The acquisition will be a stock purchase transaction to be completed by the end of 2008. National City will be merged into PNC and the National City brand will be dissolved.[12][13] The deal was approved by shareholders of both banks on December 23, 2008, although the National City name is expected to last well into 2009 since it will take PNC some time to integrate the two banks together.[14]

The deal will make PNC the largest bank in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Kentucky, as well as the second largest bank in Maryland and Indiana. It will also greatly expand PNC's presence in the Midwest as well as entering the Florida market. The two also compliment each other since Pittsburgh and Louisville, Kentucky were the only two markets before the acquisition deal that both banks had a major presence in. The banks also overlap in Cincinnati.

In the case of Pittsburgh, because the two banks have significant overlap and would pose antitrust issues in Western Pennsylvania, the United States Department of Justice is forcing PNC to sell off 50 National City branches in the Pittsburgh area to competitors,[15] which also has the added benefit of reducing the amount of layoffs PNC would have to do as part of the deal, although layoffs are still expected at National City's headquarters in Cleveland. Likely banks that could acquire branches include Citizens Financial Group, Dollar Bank, Huntington Bancshares, FNB Corporation (all of which already have a major presence in the area), Fifth Third Bank (which has slowly expanded into the area in recent years by opening new branches as opposed to a takeover), WesBanco (which does have a presence in Washington County) or an outside bank with an adjacent area to Pittsburgh such as Chase Bank, KeyBank, or BB&T Bank.

Combined PNC and National City Facts[16]

  • One of the nation’s top five banks by deposits and branches
  • 60,000 employees across the United States and abroad
  • 6,000 ATMs
  • 2,600 branches
  • $279 billion in assets
  • $181.1 billion in deposits
  • Shareholder equity $27.5 billion
  • Assets Under Mgmt. $121 billion
  • Customers- Approximately 5 million consumer and small business customers.

File:Pncnationalcityfootprint.JPG

References

  1. ^ PNC completes National City acquision, Associated Press via Yahoo! Finance, December 31 2008
  2. ^ [http://www.forbes.com/home/2008/10/24/banking-mergers-credit-biz-wall-cx_lm_1024banks.html
  3. ^ http://money.cnn.com/news/newsfeeds/articles/djf500/200810241231DOWJONESDJONLINE000713_FORTUNE5.htm
  4. ^ National City under U.S. regulatory scrutiny: report, Rueters, June 6, 2008
  5. ^ National City confirms agreements with regulators, MarketWatch.com, June 10, 2008
  6. ^ National City 150th Celebration Book Team: National City -- 150 Years, 1995
  7. ^ http://www.answers.com/topic/national-city-corp National City Corp.: Information from Answers.com
  8. ^ http://blog.cleveland.com/pdextra/2008/04/national_city_through_163_year.html
  9. ^ http://blogs.financialcontent.com/financial_stock_news/2008/12/national-city-faces-shareholde.html
  10. ^ http://www2.fdic.gov/sod/sodMarketBank.asp?barItem=2 FDIC, Deposit Market Share – Pro Forma HHI Report Selection
  11. ^ Pittsburgh Post-Gazette National City stock jumps on rumors of sale
  12. ^ Pittsburgh Post-Gazette PNC acquiring National City
  13. ^ kdka.com PNC Financial Services To Buy National City
  14. ^ http://kdka.com/business/National.City.PNC.2.894007.html
  15. ^ http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/documents/branches-divested.pdf
  16. ^ http://www.welcometopnc.com/docs/PNC_WelcomePackage.pdf

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