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Tytus Filipowicz

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Tytus Filipowicz, before 1921

Tytus Filipowicz (1873-1953) was a Polish politician and diplomat.

Life

Filipowicz was born on 21 November 1873 in Warsaw. He attended school in Dąbrowa Górnicza. He worked as a miner and became a socialist political activist; from 1895 he was active in the Dąbrowa Workers' Commiittee.[1] He became an active member of the Polish Socialist Party (PPS), where he was an editor of a socialist paper for miners ("Górnika").[1] In 1901 he was arrested by the authorities but escaped to Warsaw. During the PPS split, he and the Polish Socialist Party - Revolution Faction, and became a close collaborator of future Polish statesman Józef Pilsudski.[2] He accompanied Pilsudski on his trip to Japan in 1904;[2] in 1905 he was imprisoned by the Russian Empire in the Warsaw Citadel but escaped.[2]

In the period of the Second Polish Republic, he was briefly the deputy[3] or acting Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (11 November 1918 - 17 November 1918)[4] (sources vary). Later, he was nominated the Polish ambassador to Georgia (due to his involvement in the Prometheism plan), but due to Soviet invasion of Georgia (which subsequently become occupied and annexed as the Georgian SSR) he did not take this post (but was instead arrested there by the Soviets and interned).[2] After the treaty of Riga ended the Polish-Soviet War in 1921, he become the first Polish chargé d'affaires in USSR, organizing the Polish embassy there.[2] Later, he was a Polish diplomat in Finland, Belgium and United States (1929-1932).[1] He returned to USSR in 1933 for another brief posting as an ambassador there.[3]

In 1934, with Gabriel Czechowicz, he co-founded the Polish Radical Party (Polska Partia Radykalna),[1] a dissident offshoot of Sanacja that, while mostly adhering to political liberalism, advocated Poland becoming a Christian state, with official preferences given to ethnic Poles, and Jews being encouraged to leave.[5]

Member of the Polish government in exile during and after WWII and member of the National Council of the Republic of Poland from 1941 to 1942 and from 1949 to 1953.[1]

He died on August 18, 1953, in London.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Template:Pl icon Zygmunt Woźniczka, Ci, którzy rozsławili Dąbrowę Górniczą, gazeta.pl, 2006-11-14
  2. ^ a b c d e Kornat, Marek; Posłowie i ambasadorzy polscy w Związku Sowieckim (1921–1939 i 1941–1943) [Polish Diplomatic Representatives and Ambassadors in Soviet Union (1921–1939 and 1941–1943], The Polish Diplomatic Review (5 (21)/2004), 5 (21)/2004:129-203, online
  3. ^ a b [[[:Template:Pl icon]] Telegram, short bio note in an article in Czasopismo "Wspólnota Polska"
  4. ^ Polish Ministries
  5. ^ Emanuel Melzer (1997). No Way Out: The Politics of Polish Jewry, 1935-1939. Hebrew Union College Press. p. 24. ISBN 0878204180.
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