Jump to content

Haplogroup DE

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 192.172.8.13 (talk) at 17:27, 10 February 2009 (Minor). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Haplogroup DE
Possible time of origin65,000 BP[1]
Possible place of originNortheast Africa[2] or Asia[3]
AncestorCT
DescendantsD, E
Defining mutationsYAP, M145 = P205, M203, P144, P153, P165, P167, P183

In human genetics, Haplogroup DE is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is defined by the SNP mutations, or UEPs, M1(YAP), M145(P205), M203, P144, P153, P165, P167, P183[4]

Haplogroup DE is often referred by the most famous Unique Event Polymorphism, UEP, which defines it, YAP+.[5] The YAP mutation was caused when a strand of DNA called Alu, which copies itself, inserted a copy into the Y chromosome. A Y chromosome that has the YAP mutation is called YAP-positive (YAP+), and a Y chromosome that does not have the YAP mutation is called YAP-negative (YAP-).

Haplogroup DE is an estimated 65,000 years old.[6]

Distribution

The majority of DE male lines can be categorized as being in either Haplogroup D (Y-DNA), which likely originated in Asia, the only place where it has been found[1], or haplogroup E, which is believed to have originated either in East Africa[7] or the Near East.[8]

The remainder are said to be in the paragroup DE*, confirmed cases of which are extremely rare. Most famously, in a study of over 8000 men worldwide including 1247 Nigerians, Haplogroup DE* was observed in only 5 Nigerian males.[9] More recently, one example was found amongst the Nalu in Guinea Bissau[10] and 2 individuals were found in Tibet.[11]

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of para-haplogroup DE is based on the YCC 2008 tree[1] and subsequent published research.

  • DE (YAP, M145 [P205], M203, P144, P153, P165, P167, P183)
    • D (M174, (021355))
    • E (SRY4064, M96, P29, P150, P152, P154, P155, P156, P162)

References

  1. ^ a b c Karafet et al. (2008), Abstract New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree, Genome Research, DOI: 10.1101/gr.7172008 Cite error: The named reference "Karafet" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  2. ^ ISOGG
  3. ^ Templeton (2002), Out of Africa again and again, Nature 416:45–51
  4. ^ ISOGG reference webpage.
  5. ^ Dienekes' Anthropology Blog
  6. ^ Karafet et al. (2008), New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree, Genome Research, DOI: 10.1101/gr.7172008
  7. ^ Cruciani et al. (2004), Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa, American Journal of Human Genetics, 74: 1014-1022.
  8. ^ Y-DNA Haplogroup E and its Subclades - 2008
  9. ^ Weale et al. (2003), Rare Deep-Rooting Y Chromosome Lineages in Humans: Lessons for Phylogeography, Genetics, Vol. 165, 229-234
  10. ^ Rosa; et al. (2007), "Y-chromosomal diversity in the population of Guinea-Bissau: a multiethnic perspective" (PDF), BMC Evolutionary Biology, 7: 124, doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-124 {{citation}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  11. ^ Shi et al. (2008) Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations, BMC Biology

See Also

Stub icon

This genetics article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_DE&oldid=269804054"