Reps Theatre
Reps Theatre (also known as The Repertory Players or simply Reps) is a multi-racial Zimbabwe theatre and theatrical company based in the capital city of Harare. It is one of Zimbabwe's oldest amateur theatrical companies. The society mostly performs European or American Theatre.
The Repertory Players is an amateur society operating with paid staff - a theatre manager, secretary, book-keeper, workshop, security, bar and cleaning staff. But all actors, actresses and technical personnel are unpaid volunteers.
In 1960, it became involved in a legal dispute because of its non-racial policies. This incident was nicknamed as "The Battle of the Toilets" (see below).
Early History
The Company was formed as a 'play-reading group' with four members. Then, in Febuary 1931, the group started doing performances in the Duthie Hall. Over the next five years, numerous productions were performed under difficult conditions. In 1936, they were offered the Prince Edward School Beit Hall. The stage was better equiped, and patrons could hire out a cushion for 3d each. The society would perform 38 plays over the next 11 years, but in 1947, their tenancy was terminated as the Hall was needed for school functions.
The society was given accommadation in a ramshackle old hall, in the show grounds. The hall had been built as a cinema in World War Two. The hall was renovated and reopened in September 1947 as the 'Belveder Theatre'. The theatre held 240 people and proved to be very popular, mainly because of the improved standard of play presentation. Over the next 12 years, 74 plays were performed.
The New Theatre
Two men who had a profound impact on the fortunes of Reps, were Adrian Stanley and George Barnes. In 1952, Reps celebrated it's 21st Birthday and plans to build a new theatre were taking shape. George Barnes suggested that a Theatre foundation membership scheme should be launched. The idea was that 500 people would each contribute 50 pounds, to the building of the new theatre. By 1957, the Society had raised the 25,000 pounds and construction began.
The new Reps Theatre was opened in September 1960 with a gala production of Romanov and Juliet. This included a fanfare of trumpets from the BSAP band, incidental music from a section of the municipal orchestra, corsages for every lady in the audience, a formal opening ceremony by the Governor General of the Federation, Lord Dalhousie, and after the show a champagne party in the foyer for the entire audience.
In 1964, Adrian was appointed as the Theatre's first paid director, wasting no time in getting the Theatre out of the financial doldrums; Adrian Stanley is still producing shows to this day, and has literally hundreds of shows to his name.
"The Battle of the Toilets"
"The Battle of the Toilets" is the nickname for a saga that started when the committee decided to hold a secret ballot to determine whether the new theatre, which was due to open in a few monthes, should be open to all races. An overwhelming majority voted in favour of the non-racial policy and the Reps Committe agreed.
The only problem was that the new theatre only had toilets for men and women, and there were immediate objections from the Salisbury Public Works Committee. To them, the idea of a black man and a white man using the same urinal was unthinkable.
They pointed to Section 142 of the Building Bye-Laws which stated that "Europeans are prohibited from using the same sanitary conveniences as Asiatics, Natives and/or Coloured people, and Asiatics, Natives and/or Coloured people are prohibited from using the same sanitary conveniences as Europeans".
The Committe told Reps that unless seperate conveniences were provided, then they would not receive a Public Building Certificate and the theatre would not open. The society was in a dilema, the new toilets would be very expensive and would delay opening. There was also legal doubt about the validity of the Bye-Law, and a debate on the issue of 'Public Conveniences' was shortly to be held in parliament. Also, this law was ignored in many other public buildings in Salisbury.
The City Council, however, pressed the issue and insisted that there should not only be seperate toilets, but a seperate lobby and entrance. With one month until the official opening, the Reps Committee moved to avoid a confrontation and the opening was restricted to Europeans.
Once the opening was behind them and encouraged by hints that the Public Works Commitee was divided on the issue - Reps decided to stand firm. The chairman, Ken Towsey, wrote letters to the Mayor of Salisbury and Councillor J. J. Posselt, stressing the doubts on the Law's validity.
The Public Works Committee did not stand down and on the 29th March, the Council sought an interdict against Reps. This brought the confrontation to the fore, the Society had 30 days until the motion would be debated on the committee.
Reps soon sought the advise of Advocate Macaulay, Q.C. His opinion, which demolished the arguments of the Public Work Committee, was a model of precise argument. The report was about seven pages, and covered every aspect of the issue. It was said to read like an extract from Gilbert and Sullivan, as the following passage shows:
- "Even if the council had the power .. to regulate the use of sanitary conveniences, the Bye-Law would still be bad in law and void for vagueness and uncertainty and unreasonableness. It prohibits the use of one race of conveniences used by another race. How can any membr of the public know whether the convenience has been used, at some time, by a member of another race? Once so used the convenience becomes incapable in law of being used by the race it was intended to serve! One illegal use by a member of the wrong race would thus render it incapable in law of being used by any race at all, thus removing it altogether from the awkward problem of human relations."
The report was privately conveyed to the Major, who advised them to quietly carry on with its current policy. A few days later, the motion for an interdict was defeated. The 'Battle' was over.
Repteens
Repteens was founded in August 1960 as the 'young people’s company' at Reps Theatre. Repteens was given the objective of training young people in the Art of Theatre. It is open to people aged between 13 and 19 years and is run by an experienced theatre director/teacher. It members are often recruited for use in Reps' major productions and the company will occasionally put on it's own productions.
Many former members of Repteens have pursued a career in theatre - the most noteable is the famed Over the Edge Company, which has won great recognition and awards for its productions in London and Edinburgh.
Today
Since its founding, the theatre has produced over 600 of it's own shows. In recent years, the society has struggled with Zimbabwe's declining economy. It has grappled with rising costs of production, members leaving for overseas, shortages of petrol and a lack of effective advertising. Also, the threat of censorship from the Zimbabwe goverment has kept the society from doing overtly Political plays. However, the theatre still manages to produce about six or seven plays per year and hires out the theatre to many other companies.
Sources
The Story of Reps by Robert Cary (Galaxie press, 1974)