Philosophy, politics and economics
Philosophy, Politics and Economics or Politics, Philosophy, and Economics (often abbreviated to PPE) is a popular interdisciplinary undergraduate degree which combines study from the three disciplines. The first institution to offer degrees in PPE was initially founded by the University of Oxford. It is now offered at several other leading colleges and universities around the world, including Durham University, Warwick University, University of York and Swansea University in the United Kingdom, and the University of Pennsylvania, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Wesleyan University[1], and Claremont McKenna College in the United States.[1]
History
PPE was established in Oxford in 1920 as a modern alternative to Classics (known as Greats) because it was thought that a course in Philosophy and Ancient History was no longer relevant for those entering the civil service. It was thus initially known as Modern Greats.[citation needed] It was also the first opportunity for students to study philosophy at Oxford without having to learn Ancient Greek or Latin and hence sparked a huge growth in the number of students studying philosophy at Oxford.[citation needed]
Course material
The design of the programme emanates from the view that to understand social phenomena one must approach them from several complementary disciplinary directions and analytical frameworks. In this regard, the study of philosophy is considered important because it both equips students with meta-tools such as the ability to reason rigorously and logically, and facilitates ethical reflection. The study of politics is considered necessary because it acquaints students with the authoritative structures that govern society and help solve collective action problems. Moreover, the study of political science is thought to put students in a position to evaluate the choices political systems and regimes regularly make. Finally, studying economics is seen as vital in the modern world because political decisions often concern economic matters, and government decisions are often influenced by economic events. Additionally, the analytical framework of economics (the rational actor model) is an important approach to studying social phenomena and, as such, students ought to be familiar with it.[citation needed]
Notable people with PPE degrees from Oxford
PPE has traditionally been a programme pursued by those seeking a career in politics or public life, including senior positions in Her Majesty's Civil Service – with quite a few subsequently achieving it. A number of PPE graduates have also pursued careers in journalism. Oxford's notable PPE graduates include:
- Abhisit Vejjajiva, current Prime Minister of Thailand
- Adebayo Ogunlesi, Nigerian businessman
- Alan Beith, British Liberal Democrat MP
- Alan Duncan, British Conservative MP and former Shadow Leader of the House of Commons
- Marquess of Bath British peer, writer and owner of Longleat
- Andreas Whittam Smith, former editor of The Independent newspaper
- Angela Eagle, British Labour MP
- Ann Widdecombe, British Conservative MP
- Anthony Crosland, former Labour MP and Cabinet minister
- Anton Muttukumaru, Sri Lankan army officer and diplomat
- Atul Gawande, American surgeon and writer
- Aung San Suu Kyi, Burmese politician
- Barbara Castle, former Labour MP and Cabinet minister
- Barbara Roche, British Labour MP
- Ben Pimlott, historian
- Benazir Bhutto, former Prime Minister of Pakistan
- Bill Emmott, journalist
- Brian Paddick, former Metropolitan Police Service deputy assistant commissioner and Liberal Democrat politician
- Brian Young, American music critic and basketball player
- Bronwen Maddox, Times journalist
- Carrie Gracie, BBC newsreader
- Chad Varah, founder of the Samaritans
- Chris Huhne, British Liberal Democrat politician
- Christopher Hitchens, British author and broadcaster
- Craig Raine, poet
- Damian Green, British Conservative MP
- Danny Alexander, British Liberal Democrat MP
- David Alderdice, Dermatologist, Northern Irish politician and former Lord Mayor of Belfast
- David Cameron, British politician and Leader of the Conservative Party Opposition
- David Dimbleby, journalist and television presenter
- David Gill, Irish economist
- David Heathcoat-Amory, British Conservative MP
- David Miliband MP, British Foreign Secretary and older brother of Ed.
- David Willetts, British Conservative MP and Shadow Secretary of State for Innovation, Universities and Skills
- Dennis Potter, British television playwright
- Derek Foster, former Labour MP
- Ed Balls, British politician and Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families
- Ed Miliband MP, British Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change
- Ed Davey, British Liberal Democrat MP
- Edward Heath, former Conservative British Prime Minister
- Edwina Currie, former Conservative MP
- Etienne de Villiers, Chairman, BBC Worldwide
- Evan Davis, British economic journalist
- Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck, film director and screenwriter
- Lord Longford, social reformer and politician
- George Gardiner, former Conservative politician and MP
- George Will, American political journalist and commentator
- Geraint Davies, British Labour MP
- Gerald Kaufman, former Labour MP
- Guto Harri, former BBC political correspondent and Communications Director for the Mayor of London
- George Young, British Conservative MP
- Harold Wilson, former British Prime Minister
- Haya Bint Al Hussein, daughter of Hussein of Jordan, UN messenger of peace
- Hugh Gaitskell, British politician and former leader of the Labour Party
- Hugh Quarshie, British actor
- Ian Davis, managing director McKinsey & Co.
- Imran Khan, Pakistani cricketer and politician
- Isaiah Berlin, philosopher
- Jacqui Smith, British Home Secretary
- Jackie Ashley, British broadcast and newspaper journalist
- James Purnell MP, British politician and Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
- James Robbins, BBC diplomatic correspondent
- Jana Bennett, Director of BBC Vision and non-executive director, BBC Worldwide
- Baroness Young, British Conservative politician and first female Leader of the House of Lords
- Joe Roff, Australian rugby player
- John Holmes, British diplomat and UN Under-Secretary-General
- John Kufuor, President of Ghana
- John Sergeant, former BBC political journalist
- Julian Critchley, British Conservative politician
- Justin Cartwright, novelist
- Ken MacDonald, Director of Public Prosecutions for England and Wales
- Khairy Jamaluddin, Malaysian MP
- Kitty Ussher, British Labour MP
- Krishnan Guru-Murthy, Channel 4 news reader
- Lance Price, former BBC journalist and special advisor to Tony Blair
- Manisha Tank, presenter, BBC World News
- Mara Yamauchi, British Olympic marathon runner
- Baroness Jay, British Labour politician and former Leader of the House of Lords
- Maria Eagle, British Labour MP and twin sister of Angela
- Martin Mansergh, Irish politician
- Mary Ann Sieghart, journalist
- Matthew Taylor, British Liberal Democrat politician
- Maurizio Giuliano, Italian-British journalist, Guinness record-holder, and UN official
- Meg Hillier, British Labour MP
- Michael Cockerell, political documentary maker
- Michael Crick, British journalist, author and broadcaster.
- Michael Dummett, philosopher
- Michael Foot, MP and author
- Monica Ali, writer
- Nick Cohen, journalist
- Nick Robinson, BBC political editor
- Nicky Oppenheimer, South African businessman
- Lord Lawson, former Conservative MP and Chancellor of the Exchequer
- Paul Gambaccini, music journalist and broadcaster
- Pete Dawkins, former Heisman trophy winner
- Peter Jay, British diplomat, economist and journalist
- Lord Mandelson, British Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, and former EU Commissioner
- Radosław Sikorski, Polish politician and journalist
- Rebecca Pike, BBC business and economics correspondent
- Rhodri Morgan AM, Labour politician and First Minister for Wales
- Riz Ahmed, British-Pakistani rapper, actor and anti-war activist
- Rose Dugdale, former IRA prisoner and Sinn Fein politician
- Roy Bhaskar philosopher
- Roy Jenkins, British politician
- Rupert Murdoch, Australian-American media mogul
- Ruth Kelly, British Labour MP and former Cabinet minister
- Shirley Williams, former Labour Cabinet minister and co-founder of the Social Democratic Party
- Sion Simon, British Labour MP
- Stephanie Flanders, BBC economics editor
- Stephen Breyer, US Supreme Court Justice
- Stephen Hester, Chief Executive of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group (RBS)
- Stephen Twigg, Director of the Foreign Policy Centre and former Labour MP
- Steve Hilton, Conservative Party Spin Doctor
- Susan Haack, British philosopher at the University of Miami
- Susan Kramer, British Liberal Democrat MP
- Tariq Ali, political campaigner and commentator and writer
- Toby Young, Journalist
- Tony Benn, former Labour MP
- Tony Pua, Malaysian blogger and opposition MP
- Tim Rathbone, British Conservative MP
- Urszula Gacek, Polish MEP
- Walter Isaacson, American writer
- Wesley Clark, former US Army General and Supreme Allied Commander Europe for NATO
- William Hague, British politician and former leader of the Conservative Party
- Yvette Cooper, British politician and Chief Secretary to the Treasury
- Zeinab Badawi, British broadcast journalist
References
See also
- Greats degree course
- Interdisciplinarity
- Category:PPE graduates