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Chile–Peru football rivalry

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 201.230.137.99 (talk) at 01:23, 8 April 2009 (→Peruvian Claim: La Chalaca). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Peru and Chile have a rivalry that dates back from the War of the Pacific. Previously, the two nations had been on friendly terms sharing mutual alliances during the South American wars of independence and in the Chincha Islands War. Territorial, maritime, and cultural disputes have fueled tensions since the ending of the War of the Pacific. These historical feuds and lingering bitterness have led to a large football rivalry between both nations.

History

The rivalry originating since the ending of the war evolved into sports competition, especially football since that is the favorite sport of both nations. The Chile vs. Peru games generally tend to be very competitive and at times rough, often with players sent off. The two teams display highly contested battles that make for entertaining matches within the CONMEBOL region.

Recent Matches

Date Location Competition Game Results
March 29, 2009 Lima
(Peru)		 2010 World Cup Qualification Peru - Chile 1 - 3
October 17, 2007 Santiago
(Chile)		 2010 World Cup Qualification Chile - Peru 2 - 0
October 11, 2006 Tacna
(Peru)		 Friendly match Peru - Chile 0 - 1
October 7, 2006 Vina del Mar
(Chile)		 Friendly match Chile - Peru 3 – 2
August 17, 2005 Tacna
(Peru)		 Friendly match Peru - Chile 3 - 1
November 17, 2004 Lima
(Peru)		 2006 World Cup qualification Peru - Chile 2 – 1
April 28, 2004 Antofagasta
Chile (Chile)		 Friendly match Chile – Peru 1 – 1
September 9, 2003 Santiago
Chile (Chile)		 2006 World Cup qualification Chile - Peru 2 – 1
April 2, 2003 Lima
(Peru)		 Friendly match Peru - Chile 3 – 0
March 30, 2003 Santiago
Chile (Chile)		 Friendly match Chile - Peru 2 – 0
March 27, 2001 Lima
Peru (Peru)		 2002 World Cup qualification Peru - Chile 3 – 1
April 26, 2000 Santiago
Chile (Chile)		 2002 World Cup qualification Chile - Peru 1 – 1
October 12, 1997 Santiago
(Chile)		 1998 World Cup qualification Chile - Peru 4 – 0
January 12, 1997 Lima
Peru (Peru)		 1998 World Cup qualification Peru - Chile 2 – 1

Overall Statistics

Head to Head [1] GP GW GD GL GF:GA
Chile 70 36 14 20 108:92
Peru 70 20 14 36 92:108

La Blanquirroja: Peru National Football Team

Peru football kit.

More information at: Peru national football team

The Peru national football team represents Peru in international football competitions and is controlled by the Peruvian Football Federation. Created in 1927, the team competes with nine others in the South American CONMEBOL conference within FIFA. The majority of Peru's home matches are held at the national multi-use stadium, the Estadio Nacional, with friendlies sometimes hosted at club stadiums.

Peru has qualified to four FIFA World Cups and two Olympic tournaments, reaching the quarterfinals of both tournaments, and has won the Copa América in two occasions. Historically, Peru's traditional rival is the football team of Chile,[2] but the national squad has other prominent football rivalries such as the one with Ecuador.[3] The traditional colors of the national team are red and white, and the nickname la Blanquirroja (Spanish for "the white-and-red") is generally used to refer to the team.[4]

During the 1930s, featuring players such as Teodoro Fernández and Alejandro Villanueva, Peru participated in the first FIFA World Cup, the controversial 1936 Summer Olympics, won at the inauguration of the Bolivarian Games, and won their first Copa América in 1939. In the 1950s, despite Peru lacking victory in any major international tournament, the team of Alberto Terry and Valeriano López was considered to be among the top 20 of the decade.[5] Later, between 1970 and 1982 and with players such as Héctor Chumpitaz, Hugo Sotil, and Teófilo Cubillas, a golden generation of Peruvian footballers once more brought Peru into the view of the world, with many considering that a new football power had emerged.[6][7] With this team, Peru qualified for three FIFA World Cups and won the Copa América in 1975. Currently, Peru has gained a series of disastrous results that have led it on a downfall in the rankings.

La Roja: Chile National Football Team

More information at: Chile national football team

The Chile national football team represents Chile in all major international football competitions. The team is controlled by the Federación de Fútbol de Chile and was established in 1895. They have appeared in seven World Cup tournaments.

Chile was one the teams invited and that accepted to compete in the first World Cup in 1930. They started off well beating Mexico and France without conceding a goal. A 3-1 loss to Argentina in their final game left them in second place in their group, eliminating them from the tournament. In the 1950 World Cup, Chile was eliminated in the first round but defeated the United States 5-2.

Their best World Cup result was a third place finish in 1962, when Chile was the host nation. Chile lost 4-2 to eventual champions Brazil in a semifinals match,and Chilean team started crying as always, but beat Yugoslavia 1-0 in the third place match.

Chile was one of the founding members of CONMEBOL which included Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and participated in the first Copa America tournament in 1916. While in Copa America play, Chile has reached four finals but has lost in each appearance.

In Olympic tournament play, Chile's best result was the Bronze medal at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, with striker Ivan Zamorano the competition's top scorer.

Chile has attained medals in both the U-17 World Cup held in Japan and the U-20 World Cup in Canada.

Notable past Chilean players include Guillermo Subiabre, Sergio Livingstone, Leonel Sánchez, Carlos Campos, Elías Figueroa, Carlos Caszely, Patricio Yáñez, Marcelo Salas, Ivan Zamorano, Teofilo Cubillas and Pedro Leon, the one who was adored by Chileans ladies.

Football Controversy: Chalaca or Chilena?

More information at: Bicycle kick

Chilean Claim: La chilena

The Spanish Chilean Ramón Unzaga Asla is attributed as the person to first make the move in an international football match. Born in Bilbao, Spain, who in his teens emigrated to Chile with his parents, created the kick that would be at first allegedly known as Chorera during a 1914 club football match in El Morro stadium of Talcahuano. Unzaga, though not scoring, received wider recognition after playing for Chile in the South American Championship (Copa America) of 1916 (hosted by Argentina) and 1920 (hosted by his adoptive country Chile). According to this account, the move was noticed and named "la chalaca" by a group of Argentine journalists when the move was repeated on various occasions during the tournament held in Argentina and when Chile hosted in 1920.[8][9][10]

Uruguayan author Eduardo Galeano writes in his book a commentary on the history and politics of football titled El fútbol a sol y sombra (Football in Sun and Shadow) that the move was invented by Ramón Unzaga while playing in the Chilean port of Talcahuano. Galeano includes that years later Spanish journalists labeled the move "la chalaca" when in 1927, Chilean club team Colo-Colo conducted a European tour and Chilean player David Arellano exhibited la chalaca in various friendlies with club teams from Spain; such as in the cities of Barcelona, Valencia, Madrid and Valladolid.[11][12][13]

In late 2006 Federación de Fútbol de Chile president and FIFA delegate Harold Mayne-Nicholls completely denied the existence of the chalaca and added that it was invented in El Callao in 1914, after that he begun to cry (the national Chilean Sport).[14]

International sports media in Spanish such as ESPN Deportes regard the move as a "chilena", in reference to the 2010 World Cup in South Africa logo and in other news articles.[15][16][17] Univision the Spanish-language television network in the United States names the move a chilena after a goal was made but disallowed after it was declared offside.[18] Early 2006 had Major League Soccer's (MLS) official website in the Spanish language releasing the results of an online poll that awarded the best goal of the decade as a chilena in that leagues competition.[19] In late 2007, El País daily newspaper from Spain headlines that Julio Baptista had scored a goal in the form of a chilena and with the article including that it was reminiscent of one scored by Hugo Sánchez while playing for Real Madrid. [20] FIFA's official website uses the term "chilena" in a June 16, 2008 Spanish language publication when describing a goal that is made during a 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying match.[21] CONMEBOL's official website also makes reference to a goal that was scored in a 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying match naming it a chilena.[22] The Associated Press an American news agency lists the move as a chilena in a 2008 news article.[23] Fox Sports en Latinoamérica an owner to the rights of Copa Santander Libertadores and Copa Nissan Sudamericana describes the chilena being used during a Copa del Rey match in the Spanish La Liga.[24]

Peruvian Claim: La Chalaca

See also for more information: Football in Peru

File:Chalaca Drawing2.png
A Peruvian player about to perform the chalaca, or overhead kick.

The Tiro de Chalaca (Spanish for Callao's Strike), commonly shortened to chalaca, is the name given in Peru (and other Latin American nations) to the bicycle kick as the move is thought to have been invented in the last half of the 19th century in the Peruvian port of Callao,[25] which at one point was considered a main port of commerce in the Pacific Ocean[26] prior to the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914.[27][28] According to the work entitled La Difusion del Futbol en Lima, during the last decade of the 19th century, records show that sailors in Peru were known to practice sports such as association football, and played against teams made up of Englishmen, Peruvians, or a mix between Englishmen and Peruvians;[29] also, the work Sport in Latin America and the Caribbean, by Joseph Arbena and David Gerald LaFrance, states that English sailors taught the people in Callao about the sport of football.[30] The growth of football in the port of Callao became so prominent that even the oldest multi-sport club of Peru, the Lima Cricket and Football Club, got involved in the sports business of the port.[30] People who support the idea that during these early days of football in Peru the bicycle kick was created, including football star Teofilo Cubillas,[31] hold the belief that the bicycle kick was indeed invented in the Peruvian port city of Callao and attribute the move to a Peruvian player from the port.[32][33] Among these supporters, Jorge Barraza, a journalist from Argentina and chief editor of CONMEBOL's magazine, is perhaps one of the current most prominent speakers in favor of the claim that the bicycle kick was invented in Callao.[34]

File:Alejandro Villanueva.png
(Rendition) Alejandro Villanueva in the early Alianza Lima football kit.

Barraza explained, in an article published by El Comercio, that according to his investigation, ancient testimonies and oral traditions tell that during a football match among British sailors they invited Chalacos (people from Callao) of African origin to come and play the game with them in order to fill the necessary 22 players for the sport. The investigation of Jorge Barraza concluded that during one of the games a Chalaco made the bicycle kick that surprised several among the crowd (which was filled with European and Chilean sailors) and led to the creation of the "chalaca."[35] Also, he reached the conclusion that Chileans and Peruvians had also played several games due to the trips from the Chilean port of Valparaiso to the Peruvian port of Callao. He adds that Chileans themselves at first called the move "chalaca" and that "Peruvians are the only ones who never called it 'chilena' because they had already seen the move and given a name to it."[36] During 2008, Colombian newspaper El Pais interviewed Jorge Barraza and he confirmed his stance by confirming he found part of his information from an old book and added that the move was "copied" by Chileans and that the name "chilena" was not created by Chileans but rather that it was given to Chile by people from Argentina.[37] Although Barraza provides no exact date for the games between Peruvians and Englishmen, according to William H. Beezley, Linda Curcio-Nagy, and Linda Ann Curcio, in their book entitled Latin America Popular Culture, the oldest recorded football match between Peruvians and Englishmen so far found occurred in the late 19th century, in June 24, 1894;[38] while Jorge Basadre, a historian, found the records of a football match organized by Englishmen for a game between Chalacos and Limeans played in August 7, 1892.[29]

Nonetheless, aside from all this, Peru's historic bicycle kick figure is often noted to be the Alianza Lima (former Sport Alianza) player Alejandro Villanueva. Villanueva made international appearances such as in 1933 when Alianza Lima made a tour in Chile and, with fellow Peruvian such as Teodoro Fernandez, delighted the audiences with their skill and defeated a series of important Chilean clubs of that time such as Club Deportivo Magallanes, Santiago Wanderers, Audax Italiano, and Colo-Colo.[39][40] In Peru, Alejandro Villanueva is often remembered as one of the finest exponents of that nation's association football and as the player that amazed the crowds with his bicycle kicks which the people of Lima at first thought was his invention when he executed it in 1928, called it "tiro caracol" and, later, upon learning of its roots in Callao, once again called chalaca.[41] For this, although several other Peruvian football figures have also made bicycle kicks, Villanueva remains a famous sports figure in Peru.

International recognition

The legacy of the chalaca' lives on to this day as various nations aside from Peru, especially those where Peruvian clubs held their international tours priorly mentioned, have called and still call the move chalaca. Also, international recognition has begun to be awarded to the Callao claim of origin such as El Pais Newspaper from Spain and important figures of the association football world. Teofilo Cubillas, an association football star of the 1970s, has asked the Peruvian government to seek international recognition for Callao and its invention of the bicycle kick.[42] Meanwhile, Manuel Burga, president of the Peruvian Football Federation, stated that he would promote a campaign in order to show that the bicycle kick is an acrobatic move that has its origins in Peru.[43] In Colombia and in Ecuador, a nation that also holds a historically important port (Guayaquil), the term chalaca is also used to refer to the bicycle kick.[44] During an interview done to Colombian goalkeeper Rene Higuita (the player that invented another popular football move known as the Scorpion Kick) referers to the bicycle kick as chalaca.[45] Furthermore, Colombian newspaper El Pais, a leading newspaper company of Colombia, makes constant reference to the term chalaca in their sports articles.[46][47][48][49] CONMEBOL, in their official website, made citation to a move by Hugo Rodallega as a "media chalaca."[50] Bolivia's El Deber mentions the chalaca in an article done about the Copa Libertadores 2004.[51] In North America, Panama's website Futbol Extremo (winner of the Arroba de Oro and named as the "best sports website")[52] used the term "media chalaca" to refer to a goal made by Mauricio Molina.[53] In Europe, the British guardian.co.uk made a reference to the chalaca as a Spanish-language way to refer to the overhead (or bicycle) kick.[54]

References

  1. ^ FIFA.com
  2. ^ "High Alert for Chile-Peru Qualifier". thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
  3. ^ "The Pride Match". Ecuadorexplorer.com. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
  4. ^ Template:Es icon"La Blanquiroja". Arkivperu.com. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  5. ^ "World Football Elo Ratings: Peru". Eloratings.net. Retrieved 2009-03-11.
  6. ^ "Peru". FIFA.com. Retrieved 2007-10-20.
  7. ^ "The slide of Peruvian football". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  8. ^ Template:Es icon http://www.euskonews.com/0332zbk/kosmo33201.html
  9. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=uT3NSjGtomwC&pg=PA64&lpg=PA64&dq=unzaga+chilena&source=web&ots=TdVFunJZHB&sig=PCAs7PCeHFg65t4PeqLKwER7WTM&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=9&ct=result#PPA64,M1
  10. ^ http://199.125.90.75/futbol/autonoticias/columnistas/2006/11/29/DetalleNoticia82855.asp
  11. ^ Template:Es icon http://revista.guachacas.cl/Epi_chilenita.html
  12. ^ http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2005/04/01/hoy/portada/177583.html
  13. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=LGpArsi70DgC&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51&dq=ramon+unzaga&source=web&ots=wUonoOw-ae&sig=O_YKAaI5kQtu7zngqUIb4woBa-4&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=9&ct=result
  14. ^ Template:Es icon"Chilena o chalaca?". archivo.eluniverso.com. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  15. ^ Template:Es iconhttp://espndeportes.espn.go.com/news/story?id=458251
  16. ^ http://espndeportes.espn.go.com/news/story?id=195233
  17. ^ http://espndeportes.espn.go.com/news/story?id=505878
  18. ^ http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=1248100
  19. ^ http://www.mlsnet.com/content/printer_friendly_es/y2006/m03/d07/c53353.html
  20. ^ http://www.elpais.com/articulo/deportes/Baptista/aprovecha/chilena/reivindicar/puesto/once/elpepudep/20070928elpepudep_15/Tes
  21. ^ http://es.fifa.com/worldcup/news/newsid=804600.html#chile+toma+altura+bolivia
  22. ^ http://www.conmebol.com/articulos_ver.jsp?id=62235&slangab=S
  23. ^ http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/sp/spt/5956587.html
  24. ^ http://msn.foxsports.com/fsi/fslasc/story/futbol?contentId=7847058
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  26. ^ "Callao, Peru". findinternettv.com. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
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  29. ^ a b Template:Es icon "La difusión del fútbol en Lima". sisbib.unmsm.edu.pe. Retrieved 2008-08-12.
  30. ^ a b "Sport in Latin America and the Caribbean". books.google.com. Retrieved 2008-09-01.
  31. ^ Template:Es icon"La Chalaca es Peruana". goleador.com. Retrieved 2008-09-21.
  32. ^ Template:Es icon"Historia del Futbol: La bicicleta - Un invento chileno o chalaco". www.canaltrans.com. Retrieved 2008-09-21.
  33. ^ Template:Es icon"Parir de chalaca, morir de silbato". Peru21.pe. Retrieved 2008-09-21.
  34. ^ Template:Es icon Futbolperuano.com[1], Retrieved August 23, 2007
  35. ^ Template:Es icon Futbolperuano.com[2], Retrieved August 23, 2007
  36. ^ Template:Es icon elcomercio.com[3], Retrieved September 1, 2007
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  38. ^ Template:Es icon "Historia Blanquiazul: 1921-1960". clubalianzalima.com. Retrieved 2008-08-12.
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  40. ^ Template:Es icon"Alejandro Villanueva". www.peruan-ita.org. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  41. ^ Template:Es icon"Dos paises pelean la autoridad de la chilena". www.la-razon.com. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
  42. ^ Template:Es icon"Chilena o chalaca?". archivo.eluniverso.com. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  43. ^ Template:Es icon"El origen de la chilena". www.diariolavoz.net. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  44. ^ Template:Es icon"El arquero deberia ser el verdadero 10 de los equipos". www.ole.clarin.com. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  45. ^ Template:Es icon "Vibrante empate entre Alcázares y San Marcos". www.elpais.com.co. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
  46. ^ Template:Es icon "Renacieron las ganas". www.elpais.com.co. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  47. ^ Template:Es icon "Una columna que mostró fortaleza". www.elpais.com.co. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  48. ^ Template:Es icon "Seis minutos para olvidar". www.elpais.com.co. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  49. ^ Template:Es icon "Colombia campeón del Sudamericano Sub-20 por segunda vez". Conmebol.com. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  50. ^ Template:Es icon "The Strongest se aferra a la Copa". Eldeber.com. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  51. ^ Template:Es icon "Futbolextremo.com Ganador del Arroba de Oro versión 2006 en la categoría de Deporte". Futbolextremo.com. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  52. ^ Template:Es icon "Blas nuevamente fue la figura del Cucuta en victoria contra el DIM". Futbolextremo.com. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  53. ^ "Sprechen sie Fußball?". www.guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 2008-08-20.

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