Jurhum
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Jurhum (also Banu Jurhum) was a Qahtani tribe in the Arabian peninsula. An old Arab tribe, their historical abode was Najran before they emigrated to Mecca.[1]
According to Arabic accounts, the tribe of the Jurhum gave protection to Hagar and her son Ishmael, a relationship cemented with Ishamel's marriage to a Jurhumite woman, al Muḍaḍ ibn 'Amr.[1] The Jurhum are said to have been involved in the worship centering around the Kaaba, the holy sanctuary rebuilt by Ishmael and his father Abraham and revered as a pilgrimage site, and one of them rebuilt the temple there.[1] According to one traditin, their custodianship over the Kaaba ended after they were ousted by the Khuza'a, a tribale group from the south.[1]
Islamic tradition further holds that Hagar and Ishmael found a spring in Mecca, the Zamzam well, which the Jurhum wanted to drink from and that after their ousting from by the Khuza'a tribe that the Jurhum collected the treasures dedicated to the Kaaba and destroyed the Zamzam well so that nobody would find it.
The historical reality of the Jurhum is not in question, as they are also mentioned in Greek sources.[1] The tribe's existence during the time of the biblical Ishamel is unlikely, and their emergence as a important tribe in ther affairs of Najran and Mecca more likely dates to the few centuries before the rise of Islam.[1]
See also
References
Bibliography
- Shahîd, Irfan (1989), Byzantium and the Arabs in the fifth century (Illustrated, reprint ed.), Dumbarton Oaks
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Additional reading
- Salahi, Adil (1995). Muhammad: Man and Prophet, pg. 4-8, The Islamic Foundation.
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