Carambola
Carambola or Starfruit is the fruit of Averrhoa carambola, a species of tree native to Indonesia, India and Sri Lanka. The tree and fruit is popular throughout Southeast Asia, Malaysia and parts of East Asia. It is also grown throughout the tropics such as in Trinidad, Guyana SA and in the United States, in south Florida, most parts of Brazil and Hawaii. It is closely related to the bilimbi. The star shaped cross section gives the carambola its other common name, Star fruit.
== Origins and distribution ==fuck u all The Carambola or Star fruit have been grown in parts of Asia for hundreds of years – some claim that it originated in Sri Lanka and Moluccas. Malaysia is the global leader in starfruit production by volume, and ships the product all over Asia and Europe. Due to concerns on pests and pathogens, however, whole starfruits cannot yet be imported to the US from Malaysia, under current FDA/USDA regulation. In the United States, starfruits are grown in tropical and semi tropical areas, including Florida, Puerto Rico and Hawaii. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Method of consumption
It's best to consume a Carambola when ripe. An unripe fruit will appear green, while a ripe Carambola will display colors of bright yellow with a light shade of green. It will also have brown ridges at the five edges and feel firm. An overripe fruit will be yellow with brown spots. The fruit is entirely edible, including the slightly waxy skin. It is sweet without being overwhelming and extremely juicy. The taste is difficult to compare, but it has been likened to a mix of papaya, orange and grapefruit all at once.
Health benefits
Health risks
Carambola is a fairly complex fruit with many benefits like strawberries, but a small percent of the human population should be cautious of the fruit for health reasons.
Star fruit, like the grapefruit, contains oxalic acid which can be harmful to individuals suffering from kidney failure. Consumption by those with kidney failure can produce hiccups, vomiting, nausea, and mental confusion, and fatal outcomes have been documented in some patients.[5][6][7][8][9] [10]
Drug interactions
Like the grapefruit, star fruit is considered to be a potent inhibitor of seven cytochrome P450 isoforms.[11][12] These enzymes are significant in the first pass elimination of many medicines, and thus the consumption of star fruit or its juice in combination with certain medications can significantly increase their effective dosage within the body. Research into grapefruit juice has identified a number of common medications affected, including statins which are commonly used to treat cardiovascular illness, benzodiazepines (a tranquilizer family including diazepam) as well as other medicines.[13].
Cultivation
The carambola, or star fruit, is a tropical and subtropical fruit. In India, it grows in up to 4,000 feet in elevation. It prefers a total exposition to the sun, but requires enough humidity and a total of 70 inches or more of rainfall a year. It does not have a preference in grounds but it requires a good drainage.
The carambolas are planted at least 20 feet from each other. Carambola is fertilized three times a year. It grows fast and produces food at 4 or 5 years of age, sometimes even before that. The large amount of rain during spring actually reduces the amount of fruit, but in ideal conditions carambola can produce from 200 to 400 pounds of fruit a year. The fruit is cultivated mainly during the months of June, July, and August, but sometimes year-round.
A Fickle Crop
Fruit flies and ants are able to attack this fruit, as are birds. Crops are also susceptible to frosts, especially in the United States.
In Popular Culture
Video Game Designer Tetsuya Nomura based the Paopu Fruit in Kingdom Hearts off the Carambola.[citation needed]
References
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ [3]
- ^ [4]
- ^ Neto MM, Robl F, Netto JC (1998). "Intoxication by star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) in six dialysis patients? (Preliminary report)". Nephrol Dial Transplant. 13 (3): 570–2. PMID 9550629.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Chang JM, Hwang SJ, Kuo HT; et al. (2000). "Fatal outcome after ingestion of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) in uremic patients". Am J Kidney Dis. 35: 189–93. PMID 10676715.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Chang CT, Chen YC, Fang JT, Huang CC (2002). "Star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) intoxication: an important cause of consciousness disturbance in patients with renal failure". Ren Fail. 24 (3): 379–82. PMID 12166706.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Neto MM, da Costa JA, Garcia-Cairasco N, Netto JC, Nakagawa B, Dantas M (2003). "Intoxication by star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) in 32 uraemic patients: treatment and outcome". Nephrol Dial Transplant. 18 (1): 120–5. PMID 12480969.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Chen LL, Fang JT, Lin JL (2005). "Chronic renal disease patients with severe star fruit poisoning: hemoperfusion may be an effective alternative therapy". Clin Toxicol (Phila). 43 (3): 197–9. PMID 15902795.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Titchenal A
& Dobbs J (2003-04-28). "Kidney patients should avoid star fruit". Nutrition ATC. Retrieved 2008-10-16.
{{cite web}}: line feed character in|author=at position 12 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Abstracts: Metabolism and metabolic enzymes studies for the 8th National Congress on Drug and Xenobiotic Metabolism in China
- ^ Potential Drug-Food Interactions with Pomegranate Juice
- ^ P450 Table