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Johns Hopkins University

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The Johns Hopkins University
File:JHU seal.png
MottoVeritas vos liberabit
(The truth will free you)
TypePrivate coeducational
Established1876
EndowmentUS $2.5 billion (2008)[1]
PresidentRonald J. Daniels
ProvostScott L. Zeger
Academic staff
3,100 (full time)[2]
Undergraduates4,478[3]
Postgraduates14,275[4]
Location
United States Baltimore
,
MD
,
U.S.A.
CampusBaltimore Campuses: Homewood Campus, East Baltimore Medical Institutions Campus, Peabody Institute; Maryland Satellite Campuses in Columbia and Laurel; Washington DC Campus; and International Campuses in Nanjing, China and Bologna, Italy.
ColorsAcademic:
Gold & Sable    
Athletic:
Columbia blue & Black    
NicknameBlue Jays
Websitewww.jhu.edu
250px|The Johns Hopkins University Logo

The Johns Hopkins University, commonly referred to as Hopkins or JHU, is a world-renowned private research university located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Johns Hopkins also maintains full-time campuses elsewhere in Maryland, Washington, D.C., Italy, and China. Johns Hopkins has undergraduate programs in liberal arts and engineering; and graduate programs in medicine, public health, music, and international studies. The university is one of fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities.

The university is named after Johns Hopkins, who left $7 million in his 1873 will for the foundation of the university and Johns Hopkins Hospital. At the time, this was the largest philanthropic bequest in U.S. history, the equivalent of over $131 million in the year 2006. The university opened on February 22 1876, with the stated goal of "The encouragement of research…and the advancement of individual scholars, who by their excellence will advance the sciences they pursue, and the society where they dwell."[6] Hopkins is one of the schools to have been a part of the 'top ten' club of US News & World Report. [7]

Johns Hopkins was the first U.S. university to apply the German university model developed by Wilhelm von Humboldt and Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher.[8] Johns Hopkins was also the first U.S. university to teach through seminars, instead of solely through lectures, as well as the first university in the United States to offer an undergraduate major (as opposed to a purely liberal arts curriculum).[9] As such, Johns Hopkins was a model for most large research universities in the United States, particularly the University of Chicago.[10] According to the National Science Foundation ranking, Johns Hopkins performed $1.55 billion in science, medical and engineering research in fiscal year 2007. NSF ranked the university first among 20 U.S. academic institutions in total Research & Development spending for the 29th year in a row.[11]

History

JHU Presidents
Daniel Coit Gilman May 1875 - August 1901
Ira Remsen September 1901 - January 1913
Frank Goodnow October 1914 - June 1929
Joseph Sweetman Ames July 1929 - June 1935
Isaiah Bowman July 1935 - December 1948
Detlev Bronk January 1949 - August 1953
Lowell Reed September 1953 - June 1956
Milton S. Eisenhower July 1956 - June 1967
Lincoln Gordon July 1967 - March 1971
Milton S. Eisenhower March 1971 - January 1972
Steven Muller February 1972 - June 1990
William C. Richardson July 1990 - July 1995
Daniel Nathans June 1995 - August 1996
William R. Brody August 1996 - February 2009
Ronald J. Daniels March 1, 2009 - Present

The university's first president was Daniel Coit Gilman. Its motto in Latin is Veritas vos liberabit – "The truth shall make you free." While women had previously been admitted to graduate programs, the undergraduate program admitted only men until 1970. Admission of women to Johns Hopkins undergraduate programs was not considered until the late 1960s. The decision to admit females was announced in October 1969, and in the fall of 1970, women were finally admitted into the undergraduate programs. In the academic year 1970–1971, 4.7% of students in the Arts and Sciences programs were women. In the year 1985–1986 the proportion of female students in the Arts and Sciences programs had increased to around 38%. Currently, the undergraduate population is 47% female and 53% male.[12]

Origin of the name

The peculiar first name of philanthropist Johns Hopkins is the surname of his great-grandmother, Margaret Johns, who married Gerard Hopkins. They named their son Johns Hopkins, and his name was passed on to his grandson, the university's founder (1795–1873).

Milton Eisenhower, a president of JHU, was once invited to speak to a convention in Pittsburgh. Making a common mistake, the Master of Ceremonies introduced him as "President of John Hopkins." Eisenhower retorted that he was "glad to be here in Pittburgh."[13]

In a commencement address to the undergraduate Class of 2001, university president William R. Brody had the following to say about the name:

In 1888, just 12 years after the university was founded, Mark Twain wrote about this university in a letter to a friend. He said:

A few months ago I was told that the Johns Hopkins University had given me a degree. I naturally supposed this constituted me a Member of the Faculty, and so I started in to help as I could there. I told them I believed they were perfectly competent to run a college as far as the higher branches of education are concerned, but what they needed was a little help here and there from a practical commercial man. I said the public is sensitive to little things, and they wouldn't have full confidence in a college that didn't know how to spell the name 'John'.

More than a century later, we continue to bestow our diplomas only upon individuals of outstanding capabilities and great talent. And we continue to spell Johns with an 's'.[14]

Johns Hopkins University was founded in 1876 by educational pioneers who abandoned the traditional roles of the American college and forged a new era of modern research universities by focusing on the expansion of knowledge, graduate education, and support of faculty research.

Early Years

In 1873 Johns Hopkins, a childless bachelor, bequeathed $7 million to fund a hospital and university in Baltimore, Maryland. At that time this fortune, generated primarily from the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, was the largest philanthropic gift in the history of the United States. Flush with funds, the new board searched the nation for appropriate models of higher education. Finding none to their liking, they opted for an entirely new model. It was to be a truly national school dedicated to the discovery of knowledge. It owed its inspiration not to America's higher educational system but to modernized Germany. By following the Germanic university example, the board animated a new spirit and structure, which moved higher education in the United States away from a focus on either revealed or applied knowledge to a concentration on the scientific discovery of new knowledge. This made Johns Hopkins the genesis of the modern research university.

The Gilman Period

Johns Hopkins was intended to be national in scope, so it could serve as a balm for a country divided over the sectional strife of the Civil War. As such, the university's official commemoration took on great significance: 1876 was the nation's centennial year and February 22 was George Washington's birthday. Notwithstanding the care taken in selecting this date, the institution's viability depended directly on the board's choice for the first president. They chose wisely. Daniel Coit Gilman, lured away from the presidency of the University of California, helped create Johns Hopkins University and lead American higher education in new directions. In word and sometimes deed, Gilman held to some traditional goals of the denominational college but, nevertheless, he created the first American campus focused on the faculty and their research. To Gilman, Johns Hopkins existed not for the sake of God, the state, the community, the board, the parents, or even the students, but for knowledge. Therefore, faculty who expanded knowledge were rewarded.

Connected with the new university's focus was its concentration on graduate education and the fusion of advanced scholarship with such professional schools as medicine and engineering. It was the national pacesetter in doctoral programs and was the host for numerous scholarly journals and associations. Having a faculty-oriented perspective, the university did not want its professors bogged down in remedial education, but rather wanted to attract serious, prepared students who could genuinely participate in the discovery of new knowledge. Though the opposite is often mistakenly believed, Johns Hopkins has always provided undergraduate education, although Gilman had to be persuaded to include it and other early presidents attempted to eliminate the program. However, whether undergraduate or graduate, Johns Hopkins concentrates on providing research opportunities for all of its students. And its strong ties with Johns Hopkins Hospital, a teaching and research hospital, attract students from around the nation interested in biomedical engineering and medicine. When it opened in 1876, Johns Hopkins was considered an experiment, but it was an immediate success. It was extremely influential, and the organizers of such schools as Clark University and the University of Chicago took many of their ideas from the plan of Johns Hopkins. The first American university press was opened at Johns Hopkins in 1878. In 1889, Johns Hopkins Hospital was completed, and in 1893 the famous medical school opened.

Modern Times

The legacy of adroit leadership begun by Gilman has continued. Among the many able presidents, Milton S. Eisenhower, brother of Dwight Eisenhower, led Johns Hopkins during the 1950s and 1960s when the university's income tripled, endowment doubled, ambitious building projects were undertaken, and strong ties with Washington, DC, were developed. Because of his contributions, Eisenhower was one of two men named president emeritus. Steven Muller, who served as president from 1972 until 1990, is the only other one awarded this title - and along with Gilman is one of two to be named president of both the Johns Hopkins Hospital and the university.

Though privately endowed, Johns Hopkins University embodies what Clark Kerr called the "federal grant university," as it often tops the nation in federal research and development expenditures. Johns Hopkins University also illustrates the skewed priorities of federal grants, as the school's humanities programs cannot hope to attract research funding commensurate with that attracted by medicine, public health, engineering, and physics. Despite this imbalance, the institution remains committed to professional instruction in conjunction with academic disciplines within a true university setting. The Georgian-style Homewood campus provides an academic atmosphere that allows students to participate in extracurricular activities. In intercollegiate athletics, Johns Hopkins is famous for lacrosse and houses the National Lacrosse Hall of Fame and Museum, a fitting location because the Blue Jays have won thirty-seven national championships. At the same time, its medical school and hospital remain in their historic setting in downtown Baltimore's harbor area. The university's educational presence in Baltimore is supplemented by its economic role as the city's single largest employer. Clearly, the Johns Hopkins University continues to fulfill its mission as a national university and as an academic pioneer.

Campuses

Homewood campus

Undergraduates walk across Keyser Quadrangle in Spring at the Johns Hopkins University

The original main university campus was in downtown Baltimore City. However, this location did not permit room for growth and the trustees began to look for a place to move. Eventually, they would relocate to the estate of Charles Carroll of Carrollton and Homewood House, a wedding gift from Charles to his son Charles Jr.

The park-like main campus of Johns Hopkins, Homewood, is set on 140 acres (0.57 km²) in the northern part of Baltimore. The architecture was modeled after the Georgian-inspired Federalist style of Homewood House. Most newer buildings resemble this style, being built of red brick with white marble trim, but lack the details. Homewood House was later used for administrative offices but now is preserved as a museum.

As a part of the donation, Hopkins was required to donate part of the land for art. As a result, the Baltimore Museum of Art, which is not part of the university, is situated next to the University's campus, just southeast of Shriver Hall.

The Decker Gardens, bordered by the Greenhouse, Nichols House and the Johns Hopkins Club, were originally known as the Botanical Gardens and were used by members of the Department of Biology to grow plants for research. By the early 1950s, the gardens no longer served an educational purpose, and in 1958, when Nichols House was built as the president's residence, they were completely re-landscaped with aesthetic criteria in mind. In 1976, the gardens were done over again, and named for trustee Alonzo G. Decker, Jr. and members of his family in appreciation for their generosity to Hopkins.

The statue in the middle of the pool, the Sea Urchin, was sculpted by Edward Berge. It stood in Mount Vernon Place, near the Washington Monument, for 34 years before being replaced by a 7'10" copy, which fit in better with its monumental surroundings. Frank R. Huber, the man who left the city the money to make the copy, asked that the original be given to Paul M. Higinbotham, who donated it to the university. North of the campus, also on Charles Street, we find the Evergreen House, one of Hopkins' museums.

In 1997, the university purchased the vacant 200,000 square foot former Eastern High School, immediately across from Memorial Stadium on East 33rd Street, one mile east of Homewood. It reopened in 2001, largely occupied by administrative offices.[15]

A second campus expansion called Charles Commons was completed in September 2006, is located across Charles St from Homewood, at 33rd Street between Charles and St. Paul Streets. The approximately 350,000 sq ft (33,000 m2) development includes housing for approximately 618 students, with supporting amenity spaces; a central dining facility and specialty dining area with seating capacity of approximately 330; an approximately 29,000 sq ft (2,700 m2). bookstore run by Barnes and Noble College Division.

The Decker Quadrangle development constitutes the last large building site on the contiguous Homewood campus of the Johns Hopkins University, making it the most important project on campus since the development of the two original quadrangles. In this first phase, the project includes a visitors and admissions center, a computational sciences building [16], and an underground parking structure, creating a new quadrangle, south of Garland Hall, named in honor of Alonso G. and Virginia G. Decker. Importantly, the project establishes a new public entrance for the campus and recognizes the potential for future growth of campus activities sited across Wyman Park Drive.

File:JHU15.jpg
Gilman Hall, as seen from the Upper Quadrangle in the winter

Recently, the university announced a $73 million renovation of Gilman Hall, the academic centerpiece of the Homewood Campus. The renovation will include updating all classrooms in the building, as well as a full replacement of the infrastructure of the building. Gilman hall, superficially renovated in the 1980s will now include a movie theater and a large atrium, with a glass roof. The atrium will have a sky-walk from the entrance of the building to the Hutzler Undergraduate Reading Room and will contain the university's premier archaeological collection. The project is slated for completion for the 2010–2011 academic year.[17]

In early December 2008, the Trustees proposed the construction of a new library costing $30 million. The new structure will augment the existing library, a 185,000-square-foot facility built in 1964 and partially renovated in 1998 that will for the most part not change. The design firm for the project has not been selected, but university officials hope to complete the project by 2012.[18]

The Space Telescope Science Institute is located on the Homewood campus and controls, analyzes, and collects data from the Hubble Space Telescope.

The Johns Hopkins University, working with Collegetown Development Alliance, a joint venture team composed of Struever Brothers, Eccles & Rouse and Capstone Development recently teamed up to develop a mixed use project featuring student housing, a central dining facility and a major campus bookstore.

  • Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences: Located at the university’s Homewood campus, the Krieger School is the core institution of the university and offers undergraduate and graduate programs,[19] with more than 60 undergraduate majors and minors and more than 40 full-time and part-time graduate programs.
  • G.W.C Whiting School of Engineering: The Whiting School is located on the main Homewood campus of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, and offers undergraduate and graduate engineering programs.
  • School of Education: The School of Education was established in 2007, incorporating divisions of the former School of Professional Studies in Business and Education.

Medical Institutions campus

File:JHU-Z.jpg
Mason Hall (2007), the Visitor's Center & Admissions Office at the Johns Hopkins University

This urban campus is in East Baltimore and is home to the School of Medicine, the Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the School of Nursing. It comprises several city blocks spreading from the original Johns Hopkins Hospital building and its trademark dome. The School of Medicine of the Johns Hopkins University is associated with clinical practice at Johns Hopkins Hospital.

  • School of Medicine: The School of Medicine is headquartered at the university's Medical Institutions campus in East Baltimore with Johns Hopkins Hospital. The School of Medicine is widely regarded as one of the best medical schools and biomedical research institutes in the world.
  • School of Nursing: The School of Nursing, is located in East Baltimore and is affiliated with Johns Hopkins Hospital and the School of Medicine
  • Bloomberg School of Public Health: The Bloomberg School was founded in 1916, is the first and largest public health school in the world. It has consistently been ranked the number one school of public health by U.S. News & World Report.

Carey Business School

Inner Harbor, Baltimore, Maryland

The Carey Business School was established in 2007 by merging other programs. It offers MBA's, Masters in Finance, Masters in Real Estate, among others.These programs moved in January 2001 into a new 35,000-square-foot signature building at the corner of Charles and Fayette streets, which includes the Jean R. and Allan L. Berman Auditorium.[20]

Peabody Institute

The Peabody Institute, founded in 1857, is the oldest continuously active music conservatory in the United States. Located in Baltimore's Mount Vernon neighborhood, it became a division of Johns Hopkins in 1977. The Conservatory retains its own student body and grants its own degrees in musicology, though both Hopkins and Peabody students may take courses at both institutions.

Washington D.C.

  • Johns Hopkins' Washington, DC campus located near Dupont Circle is home to the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), the graduate Business School, and the graduate Advanced Academic Programs (AAP). SAIS is devoted to international studies, particularly international relations, diplomacy, and economics. SAIS has full-time international campuses in Bologna, Italy and Nanjing, China. Founded in 1943, SAIS became a part of the university in 1950. SAIS was ranked in a recent survey as the nation's top master's degree program in international relations.[21] AAP offers Master's degrees in Applied Economics, Advanced Biotechnology Studies, Communication, Environmental Sciences and Policy, Government, Liberal Arts, Museum Studies, and Writing.

A "Washington DC Center" also houses a branch of the Carey Business School and the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences' Advanced Academic Programs.

Laurel, Maryland

Other Johns Hopkins Campuses

The Bayview Medical Center was founded in 1773 as a hospital. In 1984, the City of Baltimore transferred ownership of the hospital to JHU. It is a 700 bed hospital located on a 130 acre campus.[22]

The Montgomery County Campus, a cooperative effort supported by the university and the Montgomery County government, includes three university schools offering higher education opportunities for adults living and working in the suburban Maryland/Washington, DC, region. It is located in Rockville, Maryland.[23]

The Columbia Center supports students who hold daytime employment. Classes are offered by the Carey Business School, the School of Education, and the Division of Public Safety Leadership, as well as by the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI), formerly the Evergreen Society. The center also houses Career Services, offering career counseling, job search support services, and career-related presentations; the Office of Enrollment Management Services; the Student and Alumni Relations Office; the Office of International Services; and the Center for Teaching and Learning. The Center for Technology in Education, which helps K-12 schools to integrate technology into their instructional programs is also based here. The center is located in Columbia, Maryland.[24]

The University also has programs at:

  • Charles S. Singleton Center at the Villa Spelman
  • Johns Hopkins Singapore
  • Southern Maryland Center

Sustainability

Johns Hopkins University has a significant and complex approach to implementing sustainability initiatives. As of May 2008, they include the following [25]:

  • Designing and implementing green roofs
  • Exploring the use of alternative sources of energy
  • Developing a transportation plan to reduce pollutants
  • Working on green building designs
  • Improving the efficiency of the way energy is used
  • Engaging students through education and competition
  • Managing storm water runoff
  • Maximizing the amount of organic and locally-sourced food

Johns Hopkins has students known as Eco-Reps on campus. The purpose of the ECO-Rep program is to increase environmental awareness and sustainable actions among Johns Hopkins freshmen through focused activities, the dissemination of information, and the promotion of competition. Up to 10 Freshmen will be selected each September to become ECO-Reps for the school year.[25]

The new Manager of Energy and Environmental Stewardship began work in spring 2006 to upgrade inefficient appliances and lighting on campus. Energy retrofits in certain buildings have resulted in energy conservation of over 50 percent.[26] Carbon emissions are currently being inventoried and electric vehicles are used for some campus transportation needs. Another portion of transportation needs on the main campus are being met by a partnership with Flexcar, which has four vehicles stationed on-site. The University intends to secure a percentage of green electricity by working with wind power developers and with a local dairy farm that converts food and farm wastes into green electricity through anaerobic digestion. Plans are being developed to install solar thermal panels on the recreation center to provide heating and hot water needs.[26]

Johns Hopkins recently switched its dining services providers from Sodexho to Aramark, citing improved environmental services as an influential reason for the change.[citation needed] Dining services managers prioritize the purchasing of locally sourced produce and seafood, and organic food is being integrated into the menu.[26] In addition, the smaller cafés around campus sell exclusively organic, shade-grown coffees. There is currently a small pilot composting program on the undergraduate campus.[26]

The University is currently pursuing LEED certification for several new and existing buildings and typically considers the feasibility of LEED programs for all new projects that involve upgrades of existing buildings or new construction. For minor renovations, the University uses LEED principles as guidelines.[26] Retrofits include a green roof deck, experimentation with waterless urinals and low-flow shower heads, and upgraded fluorescent lighting that has reduced lighting load on one campus by over 40 percent. Similar lighting retrofits are underway at all other campuses. In 2004, one campus completed a water conservation retrofit that annually saves over eight million gallons of water.[26]

Johns Hopkins students have historically been active in sustainability activities.[citation needed] Students have contributed significantly to several environmental initiatives, including the JHU recycling program off the ground, hosting a national "Greening" conference, launching a transportation shuttle service between campuses, and making the campus more bike-friendly. Each year students are involved in countless activities that promote sustainability on Hopkins campuses. Some of the active groups on campus include[25] Students for Environmental Action, Engineers for a Sustainable World, the Roosevelt Institution, Hopkins Energy Action Team and Engineers Without Borders among others.

Organization and administration

Affiliates

  • The Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies, located on the Homewood Campus, is a center for the study of public policy. The Institute forms partnerships with other programs at Johns Hopkins to offer concentrations, specializations, certificates, and dual degrees related to public policy.
  • The Johns Hopkins University Press is a publishing house and division of the Johns Hopkins University that engages in publishing journals and books. It was founded in 1878 and holds the distinction of being the oldest continuously running university press in the United States.
  • The Human Language Technology Center of Excellence was established in 2007 and focuses on advanced technology for automatically analyzing a wide range of speech, text, and document image data in multiple languages.

Academics

Demographics of student body[27]
Undergraduate U.S. Census[28]
African American 6.4% 12.1%
Asian American 25.0% 4.3%
White American 46.0% 65.8%
Hispanic American 6.6% 14.5%
Native American 0.63% 0.9%
International student 5.22% (N/A)

Johns Hopkins is a large, highly-residential, majority post-graduate research university.[29] The full-time, four year undergraduate program is more selective with low transfer-in, has high graduate co-existence, and an arts, sciences, and professional emphasis.[29] The graduate program is a comprehensive doctoral program with medical programs. Johns Hopkins offers 49 undergraduate degrees.

Student body

Johns Hopkins received 16,006 applications for the 2008–2009 academic year. The undergraduate programs enrolled 4,591 students and granted 1,464 degrees in 2007.[27] 14,848 students applied for admissions to the undergraduate program for the 2007-2008 academic year, 3,603 were admitted (24%), and 1,206 enrolled (33%).[27] 82% of admitted students graduate in the top tenth of their high school class and the inter-quartile range on the SAT reading was 660-760, math was 690-780, and writing was 670-760. 97% of freshmen rematriculated after the first year, 84% of students graduated in 4 years and 91% graduated in 6 years.[27]

Rankings

Academic rankings
National
Forbes[30]81
U.S. News & World Report[31]15
Global
ARWU[32]19
THE[33]13

Comprehensively, the The Times Higher Education Supplement ranked JHU 9th nationally and 13th worldwide in 2008.[34] The 2008 Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked Johns Hopkins 20th internationally (17th nationally).[35] It was listed 9th among research universities by the Center for Measuring University Performance in 2007.[36] Nationally, it is ranked 11th by State University.com [37], and ranked 15th in the nation by Toptiered.com [38].

For medical research U.S. News ranked the School of Medicine second nationally and the School of Public Health first nationally for 2007,[39] and U.S. News and World Report has also consistently ranked the School of Public Health #1 in the nation.[40] The 2008 Times Higher Education Supplement ranked Johns Hopkins University third in the world for biomedicine and life sciences.[41] JHU ranks first nationally in receipt of federal research funds and the School of Medicine is first among medical schools in receipt of extramural awards from the National Institutes of Health.[42]U.S. News and World Report ranked the School of Nursing 4th nationally among peer institutions in 2007.[43] Newsweek named Johns Hopkins as the "Hottest School for Pre-meds" in 2008.[44]

At the undergraduate level, the Johns Hopkins University was ranked 15th among National Universities by U.S. News and World Report,[45] 30th among national universities by the Washington Monthly,[46] and 81st among all colleges by Forbes.[47] U.S. News and World Report ranks Johns Hopkins' undergraduate engineering program 14th among doctoral universities and the undergraduate business program is unranked.[48][49]

The Johns Hopkins University's graduate programs in English,[50][51], History,[51][52] Art History, Italian[51], French,[51] Spanish,[51] Classics,[51][52] Cognitive Science,[51] Biochemistry,[51] Cell Biology,[51] Biomedical Engineering,[51] Electrical Engineering,[51] Epidemiology,[51] and Physics and Astronomy have also been ranked in the past several years amongst the top ten of their respective disciplines.[53][54] The School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) was ranked as the top master's program in international relations in a 2005 study.[55]

The Johns Hopkins Hospital, which is affiliated with the university though legally a separate corporation, was ranked as the top hospital in the United States for the eighteenth year in a row by the U.S. News and World Report annual ranking of American hospitals.[56]

Although no formal rankings exist for music conservatories, the Peabody Institute is generally considered one of the most prestigious conservatories in the country, along with Juilliard and the Curtis Institute.

Library

File:JHU-B.jpg
Peabody Library at the Peabody Conservatory Division of Hopkins

The Johns Hopkins University Library system houses more than 3.6 million volumes.[57] It includes ten main divisions: the Sheridan Libraries at Homewood, the Medical Institutions Libraries, the School of Nursing Library, Abraham M. Lilienfeld Library at the Bloomberg School, the Peabody Institute Library, the Carey Business School and School of Education libraries, the School of Advanced International Studies Libraries (Sydney R. and Elsa W. Mason Library and Bologna Center Library), the R.E. Gibson Library at the Applied Physics Laboratory Library and other minor satellite locations, as well as the archives.

The Milton S. Eisenhower Library (called "MSE" by students), located on the Homewood campus, is the main library. It houses over 2.6 million volumes and over 20,000 journal subscriptions. The Eisenhower Library is a member of the university's Sheridan Libraries encompassing collections at the Albert D. Hutzler Reading Room (called "The Hut" by students) in Gilman Hall, the John Work Garrett Library at Evergreen House, and the George Peabody Library at Mount Vernon Place. Together these collections provide the major research library resources for the university, serving Johns Hopkins academic programs worldwide. The library was named for Milton S. Eisenhower, former president of the university and brother of former U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower.

File:JHU-P.jpg
Gilman Hall, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences

Only two of the MSE library's six stories are above ground; the rest are beneath, though architects designed the building so that every level has windows and natural light. The design accords with a bit of traditional campus lore which says no structure on campus can be taller than Gilman Hall, the oldest academic building. There is no written rule regarding building height, however, and the library's design was chosen for architectural and aesthetic reasons when it was finally built in the 1960s. In December 2008, it was announced that a new addition would be constructed directly to the south of the MSE library. The six-and-a-half-story expansion will be named the Brody Learning Commons in honor of University President William R. Brody and will function as a "collaborative learning space". It is scheduled to be completed by 2012.[58]

Faculty and research

Johns Hopkins has a very high level of research activity.[29] The opportunity to be involved in important research is one of the distinguishing characteristics of an undergraduate education at Johns Hopkins. About 80 percent of the university's undergraduates engage in some form of independent research during their four years, most often alongside top researchers in their fields.[59] Johns Hopkins receives more dollars in federal research grants than any other university in the United States.[60] Thirty-two (32) Nobel Prize winners have been affiliated with the university as alumni or present or former faculty members[61]. It boasts a wide spectrum in terms of its academic strengths, particularly in art history, biological and natural sciences, biomedical engineering, creative writing, English, history, economics, international studies, medicine, music, neuroscience, nursing, political theory, public health, public policy, and the Romance languages.

Johns Hopkins is one of fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities (AAU) and a member of the Consortium on Financing Higher Education (COFHE).

The Johns Hopkins University performed $1.55 billion in science, medical and engineering research in fiscal year 2006, making it the leading U.S. academic institution in total R&D spending for the 29th year in a row, according to a new National Science Foundation ranking.[11] The university also ranked first on the NSF's separate list of federally funded research and development, spending $1.55 billion in FY2007 on research supported by such agencies as the National Institutes of Health, NASA, the NSF and the Department of Defense.[11] In FY2002, Johns Hopkins became the first university to cross the $1 billion threshold on either list, recording $1.14 billion in total research and $1.023 billion in federally sponsored research that year.

Student life

File:JHUGate.jpg
Gate Entering Homewood Campus at the Johns Hopkins University

The blueprints for a new programming board called The Hopkins Organization for Programming ("The HOP") were drawn up during the summer and fall of 2006.

In addition Charles Village, the region of North Baltimore surrounding the university, has undergone several restoration projects, and the university has gradually bought the property around the school for additional student housing and dormitories. The Charles Village Project, scheduled for completion in 2008, brought new commercial spaces to the neighborhood. The project included Charles Commons, a new, modern residence hall that includes a Barnes & Noble and a Starbucks.[62] A Chipotle Mexican Grill and Starbucks have moved in, and the university itself has installed a new Einstein Bros. Bagels[63] franchise in Wolman Hall.

Hopkins has also invested heavily in improving campus life for its students with creation in 2001 of an arts complex, the Mattin Center; and a three-story sports facility, the O'Connor Recreation Center. The large on-campus dining facilities at Homewood were renovated in the summer of 2006, and the caterer was switched from Sodexho to Aramark.

Hopkins has also advertised the "Collegetown" atmosphere it shares with neighboring institutions, including Loyola College, UMBC, Goucher College, and Towson University, as well as the proximity of downtown Baltimore's Inner Harbor.

The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender student organization, The Diverse Sexuality and Gender Alliance, affectionately called DSAGA, at Hopkins is well known. Annually DSAGA organizes and oversees the Awareness Days Program. This program is a series of events and speakers with the focus on LGBTA inclusivity and awareness.

Annually, the Johns Hopkins Spring Fair is held on the homewood campus over a three day weekend in mid to late April. Food, arts and crafts, and non-profit vendors, along with a popular musical act and various other activities attract nearly 25,000 people from the greater Baltimore-Washington area. The Spring Fair is planned and run entirely by Johns Hopkins students, making it the largest entirely student-run fair in the country.

Fraternities and sororities

File:JHUQuad.jpg
Students gather under the holidays lights at the yearly Lighting of the Quad, a Hopkins tradition

The Johns Hopkins University Office of Greek Life currently supports thirteen fraternities and seven sororities.

The fraternities include Phi Kappa Psi, Sigma Chi, Sigma Phi Epsilon, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Beta Theta Pi, Alpha Delta Phi, Pi Kappa Alpha, Phi Gamma Delta, Phi Delta Theta, Lambda Phi Epsilon, which is historically Asian-American, and Alpha Epsilon Pi, which is historically Jewish. These eleven are supported by the Inter-Fraternity Council. Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, which is historically African-American, is supported by the National Pan-Hellenic Council. Iota Nu Delta Fraternity is historically South Asian. Delta Phi Fraternity, also known as St. Elmo's, maintains a chapter exclusive to students at Johns Hopkins, though it is not recognized by the University's Office of Greek Life. In fall of 2008 a group of male undergraduates announced plans to form a colony of Phi Delta Theta Fraternity. They successfully petitioned with headquarters to form a colony and became an official colony of the fraternity on February 13, 2009 with 51 Founding Fathers. The Maryland Delta Colony of Phi Delta Theta plans on becoming a full chapter during the Fall 2009 semester.

The sororities include Kappa Kappa Gamma, Alpha Phi and Phi Mu, which are supported by the Panhellenic Council. The sororities also include Delta Xi Phi, a multicultural sorority, Lambda Pi Chi, a historically Latin-American sorority, and two historically Asian-American sororities, alpha Kappa Delta Phi and Sigma Omicron Pi. Kappa Alpha Theta, a sorority recognized by the Panhellenic Council since 1997, was removed from campus by their national headquarters on April 14th, 2009.[64]

As of Fall 2008, 806 students were members of one of the Johns Hopkins University fraternities or sororities and the All-Greek Average GPA was 3.28, above the average GPA for all Johns Hopkins University Undergraduates.[65] Approximately 1/5 of male undergraduates and 1/5 of female undergraduates belong to the Greek system.

Many of the fraternities maintain houses off campus, but none of the sororities do. There are unconfirmed press reports of a state "Brothel Law" prohibiting the cohabitation of more than eight women which may pose a barrier to such all-female housing units. The Johns Hopkins News-Letter even reported the existence of such a law in 2001.[66] Snopes.com reports that such laws do not exist.[67] Officially, though, only Sigma Phi Epsilon owns a house zoned by the City of Baltimore for use as a fraternity.

Recruitment for fraternities and sororities takes place during the spring semester for freshmen, though some chapters recruit upperclassmen during the fall semester. All students who wish to participate in Recruitment must have completed one semester at Johns Hopkins University or elsewhere and must be in good academic standing.

Student publications

File:JHU-H.jpg
Homewood House. Acquired by The Johns Hopkins University in 1902, Homewood stands today as one of the nation's best surviving examples of Federal Period architecture

Hopkins has many publications that are produced entirely by students. The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, founded in 1896, is the oldest continuously published weekly college newspaper in the nation.[2] The Hopkins Donkey is a political newspaper with a Democratic perspective on international, national and state-wide political topics. The Carrollton Record is a political newspaper with an American conservative perspective on campus and city-wide politics.[3] Thoroughfare, Zeniada and j.mag are literary magazines. Prometheus is the undergraduate philosophy journal.[4] Frame of Reference is an annual magazine that focuses on film and film culture [5]. The New Diplomat is the multi-disciplinary international relations journal. Foundations is the undergraduate history journal.[6] Américas is the Latin American Studies journal. Argot is the undergraduate anthropology journal.[7]. The Triple Helix is the university's journal to address issues concerning science, law and society.

The Black & Blue Jay is among the nation's oldest campus humor magazines. It was founded in 1920.[68] According to The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, it was the magazine's name which led the News-Letter to first use the moniker Blue Jays to refer to a Hopkins athletic team in 1923.[69] While the magazine enjoyed popularity among students, it received repeated opposition from the university administration, reportedly for its vulgar sense of humor. In October 1934, Dean Edward R. Berry removed financial support for the magazine; without funding, the magazine continued under the name The Blue Jay until Berry threatened to expel the editors in 1939. The magazine had a revival in 1984, and has published intermittently since then.[70]

Johns Hopkins is on the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education's (FIRE) "red alert" list for suspending eighteen-year-old junior Justin Park for posting an offensive Halloween party invitation on the popular social networking site Facebook.com. His penalty was later reduced.[8]

Athletics

Main article: Johns Hopkins Blue Jays

Athletic teams at Johns Hopkins are called the Blue Jays. Even though sable and gold are used for academic robes, the university's athletic colors are Columbia blue (PMS 285) and black.[71] Hopkins celebrates Homecoming in the spring to coincide with the height of the lacrosse season. Outside of the Men's and Women's Division I lacrosse teams, Hopkins participates in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III and the Centennial Conference.

Men's lacrosse

Main article: Johns Hopkins Blue Jays men's lacrosse

The school's most prominent team is its Division I men's lacrosse team. The team is an independent and does not belong to a conference. The team enjoys a winning tradition and has won 44 national titles - nine National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)Division I (2007, 2005, 1987, 1985, 1984, 1980, 1979, 1978, 1974), 29 United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (USILA), and six Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (ILA) titles. Hopkins' primary national lacrosse rivals are Princeton University, Syracuse University, and the University of Virginia; its primary intrastate rivals are Loyola College, Towson University, the United States Naval Academy, and the University of Maryland. The rivalry with Maryland is the oldest, the schools having met 103 times since 1899, with two of those meetings being in playoffs.

File:JHU 001.jpg
Johns Hopkins Men's Lacrosse at Homewood Field.

Women's lacrosse

Main article: Johns Hopkins Blue Jays women's lacrosse

The school's Division I women's lacrosse team is a member of the American Lacrosse Conference (ALC). The team is developing into a top twenty caliber team. The Lady Blue Jays were ranked number 19 in the 2008 Inside Lacrosse Women's DI Media Poll (ILWDIMP). They ranked number 8 in both the 2007 Intercollegiate Women's Lacrosse Coaches Association (IWLCA) Poll for Division I and the ILWDIMP. In 2006, they were ranked 14th in the ILWDIMP, in 2005, they were 11th, and, in 2004, they were 9th.


However, recently the team has struggled and finished with a record of 5 wins and 12 losses in the 2009 season.

Other teams

Hopkins also has several notable Division III Athletic teams. 2006–2007 saw Hopkins winning the Centennial Conference titles in Baseball, Men's and Women's Soccer, Men's and Women's Tennis and Men's Basketball. Hopkins also has an acclaimed fencing team, which has ranked in the top three of Division III teams in the past few years and in both 2008 and 2007 defeated the University of North Carolina, a Division I team. In 2008, they defeated UNC by one bout, winning the MACFA championship. The Swimming team also has ranked in the top two of Division III for the last 10 years. The Men's Swimming team placed second at DIII Nationals in 2008. The Water Polo team has been number one in Division III for several of the past years, playing a full schedule against Division I opponents. Hopkins also has a century-old rivalry with McDaniel College (formerly Western Maryland College), playing the Green Terrors 83 times in football since the first game in 1894. In 2008, the Hopkins Blue Jays Baseball team played, and lost, in the final of the Division III College World Series.[72]

Lacrosse museum and hall of fame

The Lacrosse Museum and National Hall of Fame, maintained by US Lacrosse, is located on the Homewood campus and is adjacent to the home field for both the men's and women's lacrosse teams, Homewood Field. In the past, Johns Hopkins lacrosse teams have represented the United States in international competition. At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam and 1932 Los Angeles Summer Olympics lacrosse demonstration events Hopkins represented the US and team members received Olympic Gold Medals. This was the only such accolade in the history of U.S. college sports. They have also gone to Melbourne, Australia to win the 1974 World Lacrosse Championship.

Notable alumni, professors, and staff

Main article: List of Johns Hopkins University people

In non-fiction

Johns Hopkins defeated Duke University in the 2005 and 2007 Division I National Lacrosse Championship Finals as well as the 2008 semifinal
  • Johns Hopkins University hospital is the focus of 'Hopkins', an ABC News' six-part series which takes an intimate look at the men and women who call The Johns Hopkins Hospital their home. Began June 26, 2008.[73]

In fiction

  • In the Tom Clancy novels, Jack Ryan's wife, Cathy Ryan, is a doctor at the Johns Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute. In real life, Clancy created the Tom Clancy Professorship at Wilmer on April 8, 2005.
  • In the Babylon 5 universe, JHU was where the gene for human telepathy was discovered.
  • Dr. Hanibal Lecter from the Lecter Trilogy by Thomas Harris attends the Johns Hopkins University after leaving Europe for America.
  • In the 1990 novel Jurassic Park by Michael Crichton, Dr. Lewis Dodgson of Biosyn Corporation is said to have been expelled from Johns Hopkins as a graduate student for planning human gene therapy without permission from the Food and Drug Administration.
  • Dr. Gregory House, portrayed by British actor Hugh Laurie, is also said to have been expelled from Hopkins for cheating.
  • In the 1934 novel Tender Is the Night by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the main character, psychiatrist Richard Diver, is a graduate of Johns Hopkins Medical School. Fitzgerald writes of the young Diver as a "tornado who hurried through the old red buildings of Hopkins . . . unstayed by the irony of the gigantic Christ in the entrance hall." (1st ed. p. 156).

In film

  • The Nicole Kidman film The Invasion (2007) was partly filmed in a laboratory in Mudd Hall on the Homewood campus.[74][75]
  • The film The Curve (1998) was filmed at the Homewood campus of the Johns Hopkins University.
  • In Sleepless in Seattle, a relative of Annie Reed is a professor in Johns Hopkins.
  • The HBO film Something the Lord Made (2004) was filmed both on the Homewood campus and medical campus. However, the hospital depicted in the movie was actually the outside of Gilman Hall and Levering Hall located on the Homewood campus.
  • In the Will Ferrell comedy Step Brothers (2008), Ferrell's character learns that his new stepfather attended Johns Hopkins. Perhaps in an attempt to disparage the man, Ferrell then claims to know "Johnny Hopkins" personally, stating: "[I] smoked pot with Johnny Hopkins."[76]
  • In the movie The Prince and Me (2007), the character Paige Morgan is accepted into the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
  • In the movie The Rock (1995), Dr. Stanley Goodspeed receives his M.A. and Ph. D from Johns Hopkins.
  • In the science fiction movie The Island (2005), the retinal scans of Lincoln Six Echo are sent to Johns Hopkins for analysis.
  • In the movie Outbreak (1995), Major Salt, the character played by Cuba Gooding Jr., received his master's degree from the Johns Hopkins University.
  • In the movie Getting In (1994), a college graduate ends up sixth on the waiting list for the Johns Hopkins Medical School and attempts to "dissuade" six people in front from attending.
  • In the movie Casper, a 1995 film, Dr. Harvey is shown to be an alumnus of the Johns Hopkins University.
  • In the movie Species II (1998), Senator Ross offers to take his son Patrick to Johns Hopkins after the latter was infected with alien DNA.

For a number of other affiliated fictional characters, see List of Johns Hopkins University people#Fictional associations.

On television

  • In the television series The Simpsons, Dr. Julius Hibbert is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
  • In the television series Scrubs, Dr. Perry Cox is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
  • In the television series House, the character Dr. Eric Foreman is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Dr. Gregory House attended Johns Hopkins for undergraduate and medical school, but was thrown out of the medical school for cheating.
  • In the television series Grey's Anatomy, the character Dr. Preston Burke is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and was first in his class. Dr. Erica Hahn, the cardiac surgeon who performed Denny Duquette's heart transplant, graduated from Hopkins, ranking second only to Dr. Burke.
  • In the television series The Twilight Zone (Season 1 Episode 12), the character Andrew L. Gaddis graduates from the Johns Hopkins University, claiming to have done so "without any real difficulty".
  • In the television series NCIS, Special Agent Timothy McGee graduated from MIT and has a BS in Biomedical Engineering from Johns Hopkins, revealed in the Episode 'Sub Rosa'.
  • In the television series Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman, during the Great American Medicine Show episode, Dr. Eli says he graduated from Johns Hopkins in 1848, even though the university was not founded until 1876.
  • In the television series Judging Amy, the character Kyle McCarty had attended Johns Hopkins medical school before being expelled.
  • In the television series South Park episode "Britney's New Look", Butters, mistaken for a talking squirrel, is taken to Johns Hopkins for evaluation.
  • In the television series Gilmore Girls, Paris Geller applies to Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and the Doctor that takes care of Logan Huntzberger is a Johns Hopkins Graduate.
  • In the season two finale of Nip/Tuck (2003), Christian Troy and Sean McNamara visit Johns Hopkins to find out more about Ava Moore.
  • In the American television show Commander in Chief, President Allen asks about the results of a recent "John" Hopkins study in episode 18.
  • In an episode of the science-fiction television series Stargate Atlantis, the character Dr. Beckett comments on an applicant to the Atlantis mission as being much more qualified in medicine than he. The applicant was from "John" Hopkins.
  • On the HBO drama The Wire, Baltimore Police Major Howard Colvin looks into a retirement job as deputy director of campus security for JHU.
  • In the television series The Game (U.S. TV series), character Melanie Barnett attended Johns Hopkins in Baltimore before moving to San Diego with her boyfriend Derwin, a pro football player.

Photographs

See also

References

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  5. ^ jhu.edu (2007). "Nobel Prize Winners". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessedate= ignored (help)
  6. ^ "A Brief History of JHU". The Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved 2006-08-28.
  7. ^ "US News Throughout the Years". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved 2009-03-17.
  8. ^ "On Campus: Johns Hopkins University". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2006-11-14.
  9. ^ "Johns Hopkins Magazine". Johns Hopkins University. 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-01.
  10. ^ "Following the lead of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, fifteen U.S. institutions came to define the U.S. research university..."
    Arizona State University president Michael Crow (2002). "Inaugural Address: "A New U.S. University"". Arizona State University. Retrieved 2006-08-28. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
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  13. ^ Laura Vozzella (2006-12-15). "Cheesecake on the Tart Side". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2007-01-10.: "University spokesman Dennis O'Shea checked with Ross Jones, who was Eisenhower's assistant. And Jones confirmed it... Ross told O'Shea: 'I remember him telling me about it first thing after he got back. He was tickled with himself for picking up on it so quickly with that response. And then it became a legend! He would love the fact that it still has legs.'"
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  71. ^ The Official Athletic Site of Johns Hopkins University – Athletic Quick Facts.
  72. ^ http://www.titans.uwosh.edu/NCAAChampionship/2008/ | 2008 NCAA Division III Baseball Championship, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh Titans website
  73. ^ Hopkins | Home
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Johns Hopkins University.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Johns Hopkins University".

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