Volksdeutsche Bewegung
Volksdeutsche Bewegung (Ethnic German Movement) was a Nazi movement in Luxembourg which flourish under German occupation during the Second World War.
Formed by Damian Kratzenberg, a University professor with a German background, the movement only emerged after the invasion and was declared the only legal political movement by the Nazis. Using the slogan 'Heim ins Reich' (Home to the Reich), their declared aim was the full incorporation of Luxembourg into Nazi Germany. The aim was accomplished in August 1942, although the VDB continued to operate and peaked at 84,000 members (although many of these joined when it became clear that membership was necessary to retain employment). A number of leading members also held dual membership of the National Socialist German Workers Party after incorporation. The movement disappeared after the war, with Kratzenberg executed in 1946.
A more minor group of the same name was formed in Liechtenstein shortly after the Anschluss, calling for the principality to follow the lead of Austria in becoming a part of Nazi Germany in its newspaper Der Umbruch (The Upheaval). However this group was excluded from the 1939 elections and soon disappeared from view.