Protests against Proposition 8 supporters

Protests in Reaction to Proposition 8 (2008), including the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (also known as LDS or Mormon) and Roman Catholic churches, which collaboratively campaigned in favor of California's Proposition 8 through volunteer and financial support for the measure, took place starting in November 2008. The proposition was a ballot initiative for the November 4, 2008, general election restricting marriage to male-female couples, which eliminated the right of same-sex couples to marry. In May 2008, less than six months prior, California's Supreme Court had ruled that same-sex marriage was legal. Over 18,000 same-sex couples, including some high-profile celebrities were married up to and including the election day. Proposition 8 added "Only marriage between a man and a woman is valid or recognized in California" to the California Constitution. Proposition 8 was the most expensive proposition in United States history and sharply divided conservative and liberal viewpoints in the ongoing American culture wars. The ballot initiative was approved by a narrow majority (52%) of voters. Immediately same-sex marriages were halted and the legal status of the 18,000 same-sex couples was disputed by those opposing same-sex marriage. Supporters of the proposition included a coalition of religious and social conservatives that felt the court ruling had redefined marriage. Those opposed to Proposition 8 argued that same-sex couples deserved the same public recognition and marriage rights that other couples are afforded, and that equality could not be achieved without state recognition in the form of marriage. On November 19, the California Supreme Court accepted three lawsuits challenging Proposition 8 but denied the requests to stay its enforcement.

As a result of the proposition's passage there have been a number of organized as well as autonomous protests directed against supporters of the proposition including marches, actions, vigils, boycotts and vandalism. The actions have brought awareness to marriage rights issues for LGBT people and the role of tax-exempt churches in this political campaign. There has also been renewed debate in LGBT communities whether boycotting companies or organizations is an appropriate and effective response toward the proposition's supporters.

Candlelight vigils and pickets

Many anti-Proposition 8 protests, particularly those targeting the support of specific groups which supported Proposition 8, took the form of pickets and/or candlelight vigils. A candlelight vigil by about 600 mothers of LGBT children was held at the main temple of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Salt Lake City, Utah shortly following the passage of Proposition 8.

Boycotts

Following the passage of the proposition, opponents obtained donation lists of those who had supported the ballot measure by contributing to the "Yes on 8" campaign, published the list, organized an activism group, and began calling for boycotts of the places of work of the supporters.

• Scott Eckern, Artistic Director, California Musical Theatre. Resigned on November 15, 2008. In a statement, Eckern pledged to donate $1,000 to LGBT lobbying group Human Rights Campaign to match what he donated to Yes on 8.
• Richard Raddon, Director, Los Angeles Film Festival. Resigned on November 25, 2008, after the LA Film Festival publicly distanced itself from Raddon's actions. Raddon donated $1,500 to Yes on 8.
• Marjorie Christofferson, Manager, El Coyote Restaurant, Los Angeles. The restaurant was popular as a late-night hangout for gay people, but was picketed after it was learned that Christofferson had donated $100 to the Yes on 8 campaign.
• Emerson Fersch, city treasurer of Signal Hill, California, was the subject of a rally for his recall because of his support of Proposition 8.
• The Sundance Film Festival, based in Park City, Utah has been the target of calls for boycotts. Utah ranked second only to California itself for total donations in support of Proposition 8, while it ranked sixth for opposing donations, behind California and such heavily populated states as New York, Ohio, Illinois and Michigan. Over the last two and a half weeks before the election, the Yes on 8 campaign received donations totaling $5 million coming from residents of the state of Utah.
• The Manchester Grand Hyatt Hotel in San Diego after owner Doug Manchester donated $125,000 in support of Proposition 8. The boycott was against the Manchester Hyatt hotel specifically, and not against the Hyatt Hotel chain as a whole.

Claims of religious bigotry

Some public figures, writers, media commentators, and individuals have expressed concern over the actions that are occurring and the implications of targeting supporters of the proposition. Supporters of the measure, such as Kathryn Lopez, editor of the National Review Online, and Jonah Goldberg, a Los Angeles Times columnist, have referred to some of the backlash as religious bigotry, especially since many of those targeted are members of LDS Church. Gregg Araki, an independent filmmaker who is gay, as well as Jeff McDonald and John Marelius of the San Diego Union-Tribune and others have articulated arguments depicting this characterization as misleading and provided possible justification of such actions.

Various individuals and groups have decried these actions by those opposed to Proposition 8:

• A full-page New York Times advertisement was run titled "No Mob Veto". A portion states, "When thugs ... terrorize any place of worship, especially those of a religious minority, responsible voices need to speak clearly: Religious wars are wrong; they are also dangerous." Aaron Falk and Jens Dana of the Deseret News report the advertisement was paid for by The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, based in Washington, D.C. The advertisement was signed by law professors, diplomats, civil rights activists, and heads of religious organizations. The Human Rights Campaign responded to these ads, opposing violence but claiming that the ads distort the truth when "they say we are in favor of mob intimidation and violence," suggesting that the ads represent to paint a the entire opposition to Proposition 8 with the actions of a few. A full-page New York Times ad released by "Truth Wins Out" in response to the ad goes further, accusing the original ad of "blatant falsehoods", as well as "spotlighting the religious bigotry of the ad's very own signers."

• Several editorials from authors, many of whom come from an evangelical milieu, also condemn the tactics including "Editorial: Protest and civility in a democracy" from the Dallas Morning News, "So Much for Tolerance" from Chuck Colson of the Christian Post, and "California and Thank-A-Mormon Day" from John Reynolds of Biola University (formerly "Bible Institute of Los Angeles").

Death threats, vandalism and scare tactics

Before the vote, Alan Autry (the mayor of Fresno) received an email containing death threats against both himself and Cornerstone Church Pastor Jim Franklin. This caused police to assign the pastor officers for his protection and motivated the mayor to obtain a bodyguard. According to Fresno's Police Chief Jerry Dyer the email "did state as to why that threat was made and it was stemming from prop 8." Both Autry and Franklin are prominent Proposition 8 supporters. Police have announced that they are close to making an arrest in the case. The pastor's church was also vandalized.

In the ten days following the November 4 election, seven houses of worship and ten buildings of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) were targets of threats and vandalism, such as graffiti and meeting house glass doors shattered. According to the LDS, the vandalism that they experienced in the ten days after the election was more than they usually get in an entire year. A copy of the Book of Mormon, an LDS religious text, was found burning at the front of a meetinghouse. The FBI is investigating these events to determine if a violation of civil rights has occurred.

An affiliate group of the Radical Trans/Queer organization Bash Back!, claims credit for pouring glue into the locks of an LDS church and spray painting on its walls. A Web posting signed by Bash Back!’s Olympia chapter said: “The Mormon church (just like most churches) is a cesspool of filth. It is a breeding ground for oppression of all sorts and needs to be confronted, attacked, subverted and destroyed.”

According to the Chicago Tribune, the acts of vandalism against the LDS church appear to be in retaliation for support of Proposition 8.

The Anti-Defamation League released a statement condemning the "defacement and destruction of property."

Anthrax hoax

In November 2008, the United States Postal Service delivered envelopes containing white powder to two LDS temples (one in LA and one in Salt Lake City) and to the Knights of Columbus' national headquarters in New Haven Connecticut, prompting a hazardous materials response and a federal domestic terrorism investigation. The envelope to the catholic men's organization (Knights of Columbus) had a postmark from California. Both organizations were heavy backers of Proposition 8. The FBI has determined the substances were not biological agents and FBI spokesman, Special Agent Juan Becerra, stated: "We've got to follow the evidence and at this point we have not received anything that would lead us to believe the opponents of Prop. 8 are behind any kind of terroristic activity. It would be irresponsible to say that at this point." Anthrax toxin was used in the 2001 anthrax attacks against lawmakers and media members killing five people. Since then, the FBI has investigated more than 1,000 anthrax hoaxes modeled on the mailings, which usually turn out to be harmless.

The LDS church and many newspapers blamed opponents of the marriage ban for sending the hoax mailings, while a group that also supported the measure condemned "acts of domestic terrorism against our supporters." LGBT rights groups, such as Equality Utah and Equality California, have spoken out against the use of violence in protests, and note that the source of the "white powder" mailings has not been determined.

See also

• Americans United for Separation of Church and State
• Freedom of Religion in the United States
• November 15, 2008 anti-Proposition 8 protests
• Separation of church and state in the United States
• Join the Impact