Antoine Lavoisier: "In "Réflexions sur le Phlogistique" ("Reflections on Phlogiston," 1783), Lavoisier showed the phlogiston theory to be inconsistent."
Jackson, Joe. A World on Fire: A Heretic, an Aristocrat, and the Race to Discover Oxygen. New York: Viking. ISBN 0-670-03434-7. Page 214. (Please change to sentence to say "claimed" instead of "showed" as the source indicates he did not do the showing until later.)
Phlogiston theory: "The theory holds that all flammable materials contain phlogiston, a substance without colour, odour, taste, or mass that is liberated in burning."
Jackson, Joe. A World on Fire: A Heretic, an Aristocrat, and the Race to Discover Oxygen. New York: Viking. ISBN 0-670-03434-7. Pages 83-86.
Émilie du Châtelet: "Her book Institutions de Physique (“Lessons in Physics”) appeared in 1740; it was presented as a review of new ideas in science and philosophy to be studied by her thirteen-year-old son, but it incorporated and sought to reconcile complex ideas from the leading thinkers of the time. In it she combined the theories of Gottfried Leibniz and the practical observations of Willem 's Gravesande to show that the energy of a moving object is proportional not to its velocity, as had previously been believed by Newton, Voltaire and others, but to the square of its velocity (E ∝ v²)."
William Godwin: "Godwin's parents adhered to a strict form of Calvinism. His father, a Nonconformist minister in Guestwick in Norfolk, died young, and never inspired love or much regret in his son; but in spite of wide differences of opinion, tender affection always subsisted between William Godwin and his mother, until her death at an advanced age."
St Clair, William. The Godwins and the Shelleys: The biography of a family. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1989. ISBN 0-393-02783-X. Pages 1-11.
Erasmus Darwin: "Darwin formed the Lichfield Botanical Society in order to translate the works of the Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus from Latin into English. This took seven years. The result was two publications: A System of Vegetables between 1783 and 1785, and The Families of Plants in 1787. In these volumes, Darwin coined many of the English names of plants that we use today."
Shteir, Ann B. Cultivating Women, Cultivating Science: Flora's Daughters and Botany in England 1760 to 1860. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. ISBN 0801861756. Pages 18-28.
Lunar Society: "The name arose because the society would meet during the full moon, when the extra light made the journey home easier and safer (in the absence of street lighting)."
Uglow, Jenny. The Lunar Men: Five Friends Whose Curiosity Changed the World. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002. ISBN 0-374-19440-8. Page xiii.
Royal Society: "The Royal Society was founded in 1660, only a few months after the Restoration of King Charles II, by members of one or two either secretive or informal societies already in existence."
Dear, Peter. Revolutionizing the Sciences: European Knowledge and its Ambitions, 1500-1700. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-691-08860-8. Page 118. (Please remove the word "secretive" from the sentence when you add the citation.)
Samuel Pepys: "The diary was written in one of the many standard forms of shorthand used in Pepys's time, in this case called Tachygraphy and devised by Thomas Shelton. "
Tomalin, Claire. Samuel Pepys: The Unequalled Self. New York: Knopf, 2002. ISBN 0-375-41143-7. Page 38. (Note that the book Shelton published was called Tachygraphy. Please alter the sentence accordingly.)
Isaac Newton: " When Robert Hooke criticised some of Newton's ideas, Newton was so offended that he withdrew from public debate. The two men remained enemies until Hooke's death."
Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica: "In the plague year of 1665, Newton had already concluded that the strength of gravity falls off as the inverse square of the distance, by substituting Kepler's third law into his derivation of the centrifugal force (muddled as it was through his misunderstanding of the nature of circular motion in The lawes of motion). This conclusion is apocryphally purported to be the result of seeing an apple fall while in an orchard at Woolesthorpe."
