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Lasker Award

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The Lasker Awards have been awarded annually since 1946 to living persons who have made major contributions to medical science or who have performed public service on behalf of medicine . They are administered by the Lasker Foundation, founded by advertising pioneer Albert Lasker and his wife Mary Woodward Lasker (later an influential medical research activist). The awards are sometimes referred to as "America's Nobels." Seventy-six Lasker laureates have received the Nobel Prize, including 28 in the last two decades.[1] Maria C. Freire is the current President of the Foundation.

The four main awards are:[2]

Recent awards

Generally the Lasker Award is given in three categories – Basic Medical Research, Clinical Medical Research, and the Special Achievement Award. Recent winners include the following:

2008

"For discoveries that revealed an unanticipated world of tiny RNAs that regulate gene function in plants and animals."[3]
"For the discovery of the statins — drugs with remarkable LDL-cholesterol-lowering properties that have revolutionized the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease."[4]
"For a 51-year career as one of the great microbe hunters of all time — he discovered the molecular nature of antibiotic resistance, revolutionized the way we think about how pathogens cause disease, and mentored more than 100 students, many of whom are now distinguished leaders in the fields of microbiology and infectious diseases."[5]

2007

"For the discovery of dendritic cells—the preeminent component of the immune system that initiates and regulates the body's response to foreign antigens."[6]
"For the development of prosthetic mitral and aortic valves, which have prolonged and enhanced the lives of millions of people with heart disease."[7]
"For his role as the principal architect of two major U.S. governmental programs, one aimed at AIDS and the other at biodefense."[8]

2006

"For the prediction and discovery of telomerase, a remarkable RNA-containing enzyme that synthesizes the ends of chromosomes, protecting them and maintaining the integrity of the genome"[9]
"For the development of cognitive therapy, which has transformed the understanding and treatment of many psychiatric conditions, including depression, suicidal behavior, generalized anxiety, panic attacks, and eating disorders."[10]
"For a distinguished 57-year career—as a founder of modern cell biology and the field of chromosome structure and function; bold experimentalist; inventor of in situ hybridization; and early champion of women in science."[11]

2005

"For ingenious experiments that first identified a stem cell - the blood-forming stem cell - which set the stage for all current research on adult and embryonic stem cells."[12]
"For development of two powerful technologies - Southern hybridization and DNA fingerprinting - that together revolutionized human genetics and forensic diagnostics."[13]
"For creating one of the world's great foundations devoted to curing breast cancer and for dramatically increasing public awareness about this devastating disease."[14]

2004

"For the discovery of the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors and elucidation of a unifying mechanism that regulates embryonic development and diverse metabolic pathways."[15]
"For revolutionizing the surgical removal of cataracts, turning a 10-day hospital stay into an outpatient procedure, and dramatically reducing complications."[16]
"For a lifetime career that combines penetrating discovery in molecular biology with creative leadership in the public policy of chemical and biological weapons."[17]

2003

"For pioneering studies on eukaryotic RNA polymerases and the general transcriptional machinery, which opened gene expression in animal cells to biochemical analysis."[18]
"For discovery of anti-TNF therapy as an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases."[19]
"For perceptive, sustained, and heroic advocacy for medical research in general, and victims of disability in particular."[20]


References

  1. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2008special.htm
  2. ^ "The Lasker Awards Overview". Retrieved 2008-09-13.
  3. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2008basic.htm
  4. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2008clinical.htm
  5. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2008special.htm
  6. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2007basic.htm
  7. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2007clinical.htm
  8. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2007public.htm
  9. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2006basic.htm
  10. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2006clinical.htm
  11. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2006special.htm
  12. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/library/2005basic.shtml
  13. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/library/2005clinical.shtml
  14. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2005public.htm
  15. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/library/2004basic.shtml
  16. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/library/2004clinical.shtml
  17. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2004special.htm
  18. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/library/2003basic.shtml
  19. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/library/2003clinical.shtml
  20. ^ http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2003public.htm
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