Shuai jiao

The Chinese wrestling art presently called Shùai jīao has an extremely long history. Its development has been somewhat obscured by that fact that it has gone by several earlier names. The homonymous term sometimes used is shùai jǐao 摔角 (to throw + horn of an animal). The earliest term was jǐao dǐ 角 (horn butting), and refers to games in which humans would strap on artificial horns and lock horns with each other to emulate the depredations of a mythological horned beast that attacked humans. The game was played at least as early as the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty. In later times, young people would play a similar game, emulating the contests of domestic cattle, without the headgear. (See Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Chinese Language, entry 35831.82)

There appear not to have been any elaborate rules, the main requirement being to throw one's opponent by means of grappling. The same term is used in Chinese to refer to Western wrestling contests of various kinds.