Africa
 Afrikaner, represented by the Freedom Front Plus 1 – Joined 15 May 2008 Batwa, represented by the Community of Indigenous Peoples of Rwanda 1 – Joined 17 January 1993 Cabinda, represented by the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda/Forças Armadas de Cabinda 1 – Joined 17 April 1997 Maasai, represented by the Maasai Women for Education and Economic Development, with the backing of the Mainyoito Pastoralist Integrated Development Organisation and the Kitengela Ilparakuo Land Owners Association –Joined 19 December 2004 Ogoni, represented by the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People 1 – Joined 19 January 1993 Oromo, represented by the Oromo Liberation Front 1 –Joined 19 December 2004 Rehoboth Basters, represented by the Captains Council – Joined 2 February 2007 Somaliland, represented by the Government of Somaliland 1 –Joined 19 December 2004 Southern Cameroons, represented by the Southern Cameroons National Council 1 –Joined 19 December 2004 Vhavenda, represented by the Dabalorivhuwa Patriotic Front –Joined 14 November 2003 Zanzibar, represented by the Zanzibar Democratic Alternative, in cooperation with the Civic United Front 1 – Joined 6 August 1991
Asia
- File:Bandera d'Arabistan.svg Ahwazi, represented by the Democratic Solidarity Party of Ahwaz 1 –Joined 14 November 2003
 Assyria, represented by the Assyrian Universal Alliance 1 – Joined 6 August 1991- File:Flag of the Balochistan Liberation Army.svg Balochistan, represented by the Balochistan National Party 1 – Joined 1 March 2008
 Buryatia, represented by the All-Buryat Association for the Development of Culture – Joined 3 February 1996 Burma (democratic movement), represented by the National Council of the Union of Burma – Joined 15 May 2008 Chin, represented by the Chin National Front 1 –Joined 15 July 2001 Chittagong Hill Tracts (representation not specified) 1 – Joined 6 August 1991- Cordillera, represented by the Cordillera Peoples' Alliance 1 (founding member)
 East Turkestan, represented by the World Uyghur Congress 1 (founding member) Gilgit Baltistan, represented by the Gilgit-Baltistan Democratic Alliance – Joined 20 September 2008- Hmong, represented by the Hmong ChaoFa Federated State – Joined 2 February 2007
 Inner Mongolia, represented by the Inner Mongolian People's Party 1 – Joined 2 February 2007 Iranian Kurdistan, represented by the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran 1 – Joined 2 February 2007- Iraqi Kurdistan, represented by the Kurdistan Democratic Party and by the the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan 1 (founding member)
 Iraqi Turkmen, represented by Dr. Muzaffer Arslan 1 – Joined 6 August 1991 Karenni State, represented by Karenni National Progressive Party 1 – Joined 19 January 1993 Khmer Krom, represented by the Khmer Kampuchea-Krom Federation –Joined 15 July 2001 Mon, represented by the Mon Unity League 1 – Joined 3 February 1996- Montagnards, represented by the Montagnard Foundation Inc. 1 –Joined 14 November 2003
- Nagalim, represented by the National Socialist Council of Nagaland 1 – Joined 19 January 1993
 Sindh, represented by the World Sindhi Institute – Joined 19 January 2002- File:Shanstateflag.png Shan, represented by the Shan States Organization 1 – Joined 17 April 1997
 South Moluccas, represented by the government in exile of the Republic of South Moluccas1 – Joined 6 August 1991 Southern Azerbaijan, represented by the Southern Azerbaijan National Awakening Movement 1 – Joined 2 February 2007 Taiwan, represented by the Taiwan Foundation for Democracy 1 (founding member) Tibet, represented by the Government of Tibet in Exile 1 (founding member) Tuva (representation not specified) 1 – Joined 3 February 1996- File:Flag of the Balochistan Liberation Army.svg West Balochistan, represented by the Balochistan People's Party – Joined 26 June 2005
Americas
Europe
 Abkhazia, represented by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Abkhazia 1 – Joined 6 August 1991 Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, represented by the government in exile of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria 1 – Joined 6 August 1991 Circassia, represented by the International Circassian Association 1 –Joined 16 April 1994 Crimean Tatars, represented by the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People 1 (founding member) Greek Minority in Albania, represented by the Democratic Union of the Greek Ethnic Minority in Albania (founding member) Hungarian Minority in Romania, represented by the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania – Joined 30 July 1994 Inkeri, represented by Inkerin Liitto – Joined 17 January 1993 Komi, represented by the Komi National Revival Committee 1 – Joined 17 January 1993 Kosovo, represented by the Democratic League of Kosova 1 – Joined 6 August 1991 Mari, represented by Mari Ushem – Joined 6 August 1991- File:Aflagforbosnia.png Sanjak Bosniaks, represented by the Muslim National Council of Sanjak 1 – Joined 17 January 1993
 Scania, represented by Stiftelsen Skånsk Framtid – Joined 19 January 1993 Udmurt, represented by the Udmurt Council (Udmurt Kenesh) 1 – Joined 17 January 1993
Oceania & Australasia
1: Active Independence Movements
The following former members of the UNPO have since gained United Nations (UN) recognition:
- Four former republics of the Soviet Union:
- Two Baltic republics:
 Estonia – (founding member);withdrew on 17 September 1991;independence restored in 1991 Latvia – (founding member);withdrew on 17 September 1991;independence restored in 1991
- Two Transcaucasian republics:
 Armenia – (founding member); withdrew on 2 March 1992; independence restored in 1991 Georgia – (founding member); withdrew on 31 July 1992; independence restored in 1991
- Others:
- Non–UN Members:
- Other former members of the UNPO. [5]
 Aceh – Joined 6 August 1991; membership discontinued 1 March 2008; reached autonomy agreement with Indonesia in 2005 Albanians in Macedonia –Joined 16 April 1994; membership discontinued 1 Mar 2008 Bashkortostan – Joined 3 February 1996; withdrew 30 Jun 1998 Bougainville– Joined 6 August 1991; membership discontinued 1 March 2008; reached autonomy agreement with Papua New Guinea in 2000 Chuvash – Joined 17 January 1993; membership discontinued 1 March 2008 Gagauzia –Joined 16 April 1994; membership discontinued 1 Dec 2007; reached autonomy agreement with Moldova in 1994 Ingushetia – Joined 30 July 1994; membership discontinued 1 Mar 2008 Kumyk – Joined 17 April 1997; membership discontinued 1 Mar 2008 Khalistan – Joined 24 January 1993; discontinued 4 Aug 1993, suspension made permanent 22 Jan 1995 Lakotah Nation – Joined 30 July 1994; membership discontinued 1 Dec 2007 Maohi – Joined 30 July 1994; membership discontinued 1 Dec 2007- Nahua Del Alto Balsas –Joined 19 December 2004; membership suspended 20 Sep 2008
 Nuxalk – Joined 23 September 1998; membership discontinued 1 Mar 2008 Rusyn – Joined 23 September 1998; membership discontinued 1 Dec 2007 Sakha – Joined 3 August 1993; withdrew 30 Jun 1998 Talysh – Joined 26 June 2005; membership discontinued 1 Mar 2008 Tatarstan (founding member); membership discontinued 1 March 2008 West Papua (founding member); membership suspended 20 September 2008
General Secretaries
Criticism
Valery Tishkov, the Director of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology at the Russian Academy of Sciences and former Russian Minister for nationalities, criticized the UNPO by stating:
The UNPO's activities in The Hague took a different track when the flags of separatist regimes and organizations that emerged after the collapse of the USSR and Yugoslavia were hoisted above its headquarters. In the context of new geopolitical rivalries and western euphoria about rebuilding the post-communist world, "unrepresentedness" came to be seen as a breach of order rather than an improvement, as a process of exiting the system rather than finding one's voice within it.[3]
See also
References
- ^ Memorandum of Understanding 1990 www.unpo.ee
- ^ Barbara Crossette, Those Knocking, Unheeded, at U.N.'s Doors Find Champion, New York Times, December 18, 1994.
- ^ a b Tishkov, Valerie, An Anthropology of NGOs, Eurozine, July 2008
- ^ http://www.worldstatesmen.org/International_Organizations2.html#UNPO
- ^ http://www.unpo.org/map.html
- ^ UNPO Presidency & Secretariat, UNPO web site.
External links
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