Pearl S. Buck Birthplace

	Pearl Buck House
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Nearest city	Hillsboro, West Virginia
Area	16.4 acres (6.6 ha)
Built	1892
NRHP reference No.	70000663
Added to NRHP	June 15, 1970

	Pearl Buck, ca. 1932.
Occupation	Writer
Nationality	American
Subject	China
Notable awards	Pulitzer Prize ; 1932 ; Nobel Prize in Literature ; 1938 ;

The Pearl S. Buck Birthplace
Established	1875
Location	Hillsboro, West Virginia
Type	Historic House
Website	http://www.pearlsbuckbirthplace.com

Built around 1875, the Birthplace of Pearl S. Buck is an attractive three-story house in the country town of Hillsboro, West Virginia. It was hand-constructed by a Dutch refugee family escaping religious persecution in Holland. Famous writer Pearl S. Buck was born at the house in 1892 while her parents, Caroline Stulting and Absalom Sydenstricker, were on leave from Presbyterian missionary work in China. Pearl was the first woman to win both the Pulitzer and Nobel Prizes in literature. Today, you can take a guided tour to learn about Pearl Buck and her family or stroll through the surrounding fields. The carpentry shop and barn contain over 100 historic farm and woodworking tools, and the log home of Pearl’s father’s family, the Sydenstrickers, has been moved from Greenbrier County to the property in Hillsboro for a second museum and cultural center.

Events

Guided tours of the house are available May 1 - November 1, Monday to Saturday.

On October 4, 2009 from 1pm - 5pm the museum will host a free community open house to celebrate the Chinese Moon Festival

The Annual Pearl S. Buck International Writers’ Workshop celebrates the life and works of Nobel and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Pearl S. Buck. Community members and aspiring authors learn about the art of writing from experts in the field through creative explorations of Pearl’s novels.

Hillsboro’s annual Little Levels Heritage Fair, the last weekend in June, showcases the history and heritage of the Little Levels region through arts and crafts displays, food, music, a parade, rodeo and youth horse events, and other activities.

Crafts from the Heritage Fair:

History

Pearl S. Buck was the first American woman to win both the Pulitzer Prize (1932, for The Good Earth) and the Nobel Prize for Literature (1938). A world-renowned author, she has written over 100 books and hundreds of short stories and magazine articles. Her books have been translated into 69 foreign languages.

Pearl's Vision

Pearl Buck was heavily involved in the preservation and restoration of the house. In the book My Mother's House^[1] she shared her vision for the museum:

"If it (the house) ever lives again, and God grant it may for my Mother's memory, I hope it will live a new life, not for myself or for my family but for people. I would like it to belong to everyone who cares to go there. From that home has come so much life - that it ought never to die or fall into ruin."

"For my ancestors, it provided shelter and home in a new land, a house where they lived their new lives with traditional dignity. . . For my mother, it provided a home, living forever in her thought and memory, though she made dwelling places in a far country. For me it is a living heart in the country I knew was my own but which was strange to me until I returned to the house where I was born. For me that house was a gateway to America. May it live again, my Mother's house, and may it prove for others, too, a gateway to new thoughts and dreams and ways of life."^[2]

The Stulting House

Stulting family, Pearl Buck's maternal ancestors, moved from Utrecht, Holland, in 1847 with 300 of their friends and relatives so that they might practice their religion freely during a time of religious intolerance in Holland. They were forced to leave the land they loved and move to a strange new country. The party consisted of Cornelius Stulting (called "Mynheer" in Pearl Buck's books), his wife Arnolda, and their five married sons and their families -- three generations.

Old town of Hillsboro, WV

Upon arrival in New York, the families and friends began to go their own ways. The Stultings moved to West Virginia, then a part of Virginia, and purchased land. After first settling in Dutch Bottom, they bought a small farmland of 16 acres, of which the Pearl S. Buck Birthplace Foundation now owns 13 1/2 acres. It is located in the area commonly referred to as "Little Levels," surrounding the town of Hillsboro in Pocahontas County, West Virginia.

Pearl S. Buck's great grandfather, Cornelius "Mynheer" Stulting, had a yearning to build a house like the one they had in Holland. His wife, Arnolda, was homesick, and he hoped that the new house would help her accept living in America more easily.

The Stulting men worked very hard and all supplies for building were taken from the land. They worked more than two years and the house was nearly completed when Cornelius "Mynheer" took a chill and became very ill. He died before seeing the house completed. The house was finally finished by Hermanus, Pearl Buck's grandfather, and his son, Cornelius John, with the knowledge and fine craftsmanship they had learned from their ancestors, and the family moved into the house: "There at the edge of the settlement they built it, a goodly, twelve room house of wood, with smooth floors and plastered and paper wall, a city house" (The Exile, 29-30).

Pearl Buck's mother, Caroline, often called "Carrie," was reared in this house. She married Absalom Sydenstricker, one of the nine children of Andrew and Frances Coffman Sydenstricker of Ronceverte, West Virginia. Shortly after their marriage, they left for China to become missionaries. "They were pioneer missionaries and worked in more than a dozen places in China. Sometimes no other white family lived in their town" (My Mother's House, 35).

The Sydenstrickers would visit this home frequently on their furloughs, which were usually every nine years, and it was during one of these visits that Pearl Comfort Sydenstricker was born in her grandfather's home on June 26, 1892.

Since her childhood was spent in China, Pearl's visits here enlarged her love for this American home, which her mother had instilled in her with endless stories.

The Stulting family enjoyed and taught music, practiced its fine craftsmanship, became school teachers, raised children, and shared joys and sorrows together in the house until 1922. Mr. George P. Edgar then bought the house and made it a winter home for his family until the early 1960s.

Then the home was purchased by Mr. Jim Comstock to preserve it for its historical value. After raising about $4,000 from the West Virginia Hillbilly newspaper readers, he asked the West Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs to take over the purchase. The purchase and restoration were made possible by the donations of clubwomen across the state.

The Stulting Barn

Although the Stulting family had not had any experience as farmers before coming to America, it managed to make a living on this small farm. The barn was restored with a grant from the U.S. Department of the Interior for $23,000 and was completed in 1977. It has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The original barn had "grown" with additions, so that it had to be taken down and replaced with a small one like the original barn. Some of the original timbers were saved and used in this building, but it is made basically of new materials.

Today, this barn with its antique farm implements and equipment, with a hayloft, and a threshing floor, lacks only the farm animals to make it typical of the 1892 era.

The Sydenstricker House

This house was a gift to the Birthplace Foundation from two sisters, Mrs. Lucille Spencer, of Richwood, and Mrs. Leona Bonin, who lived in it before building a new home on the Sydenstricker farm.The house was moved from its original site and rebuilt in Hillsboro.

The Sydenstricker house was the birthplace of Pearl's father,Dr. Absalom Sydenstricker, Presbyterian missionary to China for his entire adult life. The original log section is a museum for Sydenstricker items and the period 1834-1880. The house was built in 1834 by Andrew Sydenstricker, who married Frances Coffman on January 16, 1834 and became the father of nine children, including Absalom. Five of Andrew's sons became ministers, four Presbyterian and one Methodist.

The Sydenstricker family was very prominent in Greenbrier County. Philip Sydenstricker, great-great-grandfather of Pearl S. Buck, came to America from Bavaria (Germany) -- first to Pennsylvania, then on to West Virginia ("Virginia" at the time) after the Revolutionary War, settling on a farm near Ronceverte, Greenbrier County, in what is known as the Fort Springs area. He arrived in America by ship on September 26, 1764.

The original two-story section of the house was built of logs, and later covered with siding to match the additional part of the house, which was added as the family grew. The siding was removed in the reconstruction of the house.

Reconstruction was begun with a $15,000 grant from the West Virginia Bicentennial Committee. The grant enabled the Birthplace Foundation to dismantle the house, transport the building materials to Hillsboro, and to put in the foundation. An additional $12,000 was invested in it from contributions for this purpose. A grant from the Claude Worthington Benedum Foundation of $25,000 has enabled it to be completed in 1892. The Pearl Buck Birthplace Foundation seeks donated items for this house, especially Sydenstricker memorabilia and furniture.

Pearl S. Buck Memorial Garden

The Birthplace farm is being developed into a Memorial Garden honoring Pearl. The project was started by Greenbrier District, West Virginia Garden Clubs, when a fruit orchard was restored with old-fashioned trees of the period. Also, grape vines and flowers were planted where the Stultings had originally planted them.

A few trees on the ground were originally planted by the Stultings, including a stately old Chinese mulberry tree which until recently stood in front of the house by the right. It had been brought as a seedling from China by Pearl Buck's missionary parents. Several other mulberry trees can still be seen on the property.

In The Exile, Pearl Buck wrote about her memory of the maple tree in front of the house: "There was an enormous old sugar maple to the left and there was a stile under it. Here many a time [Carrie] led her horse to mount it."

It was this same maple tree that Pearl Buck fondly referred to during a visit to her birthplace. She gazed beneath the tree and softly said, "I would like to be buried underneath that tree." But she qualified this by saying her children would make the final choice.^[3]

Manuscripts

Pearl Buck gave her valuable manuscript collection to the Birthplace Foundation in 1970. The collection (minus The Good Earth, which was missing at the time) was acquired in 1974 and is presently stored at West Virginia Wesleyan College, under a special arrangement made with Senator John D. Rockefeller, IV, then President of the College. The manuscripts will remain there until suitable housing is built at the Birthplace. They are available to researchers with permission from the foundation.

External links

Media

Historic Photos of Hillsboro

References

^ My Mother's House by Pearl S. Buck, Appalachian Press, Richwood W. Va., 1965.
^ Excerpts from Clifford M. Lewis, West Virginia Antiquities Commission, "National Register of Historic Places -- Inventory Nomination Form," United States Department of the Interior: National Park Service, accessed at http://www.wvculture.org/shpo/nr/pdf/pocahontas/70000663.pdf, page 4.
^ From the Archives of the Pearl Buck Birthplace Museum, http://www.pearlsbuckbirthplace.com
^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2009-03-13.

[1] My Mother's House by Pearl S. Buck, Appalachian Press, Richwood W. Va., 1965.

[2] Excerpts from Clifford M. Lewis, West Virginia Antiquities Commission, "National Register of Historic Places -- Inventory Nomination Form," United States Department of the Interior: National Park Service, accessed at http://www.wvculture.org/shpo/nr/pdf/pocahontas/70000663.pdf, page 4.

[3] From the Archives of the Pearl Buck Birthplace Museum, http://www.pearlsbuckbirthplace.com

[nris-4] "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2009-03-13.

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