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List of political parties in Pakistan

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This article lists political parties in Pakistan. Pakistan has a multi-party system with numerous political parties, in which often no one party has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.

Parties active in national and provincial politics

Major parties and coalitions

1. Hizb ut-Tahrir. A global political party whose aim is to resume the Islamic way of life by re-establishing an Islamic Caliphate in one country and then expanding to the rest of the Islamic world. And then it would carry the Islamic message to the whole world. This is most likely to happen in Pakistan.


2. Pakistan People's Party Parliamentarians (PPPP) is an electoral extension of the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), formed in 2002 by the PPP for the purpose of complying with electoral rules governing Pakistani parties. The Pakistan People's Party was founded on November 30, 1967 by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who became its first chairman and later Prime Minister of Pakistan. PPP is the largest political party of Pakistan. This party has been active in Pakistani politics since the separation of the East Wing from the rest of Pakistan. The party gained much popularity and support during the era of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. The party won the 1971 elections on a socialist mandate of "Roti, Kapra, Makan" ("bread, clothes, shelter"). PPP took control of the country after the Indian-supported Civil War of 1971. After the first parliamentary term, PPP secured a landslide victory in the 1977 elections to rule for another five years.

Opposition parties claimed that the election was heavily rigged by PPP. Tensions mounted and despite an agreement reached between opposition and PPP, martial law was imposed in the country by Gen. Zia ul Haq. Bhutto was hanged in 1977 after a controversial trial, in which he was found guilty of murdering a political opponent. His daughter Benazir Bhutto was elected twice as the prime minister but her government was dismissed both times on corruption charges, none of them proven in the court despite many years of proceedings.

PPP was a socialist nationalist party when formed by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, but it moved toward the right under Benazir Bhutto. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto wanted closer ties with China and more attention to the lower classes. Benazir Bhutto adopted conservative privatization policies in order to secure funding from the United States and the World Bank. Although twice elected Prime Minister, Benazir Bhutto was criticized for corruption and extrajudicial killings.

The PPP currently holds 126 seats in the National Assembly[1] and 27 seats in the Senate.[2] It is the current government of Pakistan. It forms the provincial government in Sindh and is the official opposition in Punjab. In the Angus-Reid pre-election polls of 22 December 2007, it was in first place, with about 30% of the vote. It is strong in the rural areas of Sindh and Punjab.

3.Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML "Nawaz group") is a centrist conservative party that has been led from by Nawaz Sharif. It currently holds 90 seats in the National Assembly[1] and 7 seats in the Senate.[2] Although twice elected as Prime Minister, Nawaz Sharif was criticized for widespread corruption and extrajudicial killings. In the Angus-Reid pre-election polls of 22 December 2007, the PML/N was in second place, with about 25% of the vote. It is strong in rural Punjab province.

4. Sindh Dost Rabita Council سنڌ دوست رابطا ڪائونسل http://www.sindhdost.co.nr/ is a political party of Sindh struggling for rights of Sindh and Sindhi nation.

5. Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML "Quaid-i-Azam group") is officially called the Pakistan Muslim League. It is the party behind past president Pervez Musharraf. PML (Q) is a centrist conservative party that forms the opposition. It currently holds 53 seats in the National Assembly[1] and 21 seats in the Senate.[2] The PML (Q) formed from the split of the PML N following the arrest and exile of PML leader and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. The PML (Q) absorbed some minor parties through power-sharing agreements in 2002 general elections, becoming the government of Pakistan. In the 2008 general elections the party lost seats and was no longer the government of Pakistan.

Although initially popular, Musharraf has been criticized for supporting the US invasion of Afghanistan and suspension of legal rights. In the Angus-Reid pre-election polls of 22-December-2007, the PML (Q) was in third place, with about 23% of the vote. It is strong in urban areas of the two large provinces (Punjab and Sindh).

6. Jeay Sindh (JASQM) is a Sindh party. The chairman of the party is Bashir Ahmed Qureshi. The party was founded by Sain G. M. Syed, a Sindh political leader with secular, socialist and nationalist views. The party has influence among Sindhi youth & educated people. A Freedom March organized by this party in Karachi on 7 November 2009 attracted about 600,000 people; according to a BBC report, it was the largest demonstration in the history of Pakistan. JSSF is the party's student wing. It also has a labour wing, Nameli Sindhi Prohiat Sangat. The party believes in non-violent political struggle; however, it does not take part in elections.

7. Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, a coalition of six religious parties consisting of the Jamaat-e-Islami (JI), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) (Assembly of Islamic Clergy, Fazl-ur-Rahman Group), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S) (Assembly of Islamic Clergy, Sami-ul-Haq Group) Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (Assembly of Pakistani Clergy), Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, Jamiat Ahle Hadith and a few more. The religious alliance formed the government in North-West Frontier Province in 2002. It leads the coalition government in Balochistan with PML Quaid-e-Azam. This group has broken up with JUI-F, which left to be a part of coalition PPP government and take part in the 2008 general elections.[3]

MMA is de-centrist. It is strong in the two small provinces. It is legally ultra-conservative and economically socialist. It strongly opposes US military presence in Pakistan. In the Angus-Reid pre-election polls of 22 December 2007, the MMA was in fifth place, with 4% of the vote.

The MMA in the National Assembly is actually JUI-F who decided to use the name MMA at the general election in 2008 after the remaining parties in the MMA decided to not take part in the general election.[4] It currently holds 7 seats in the National Assembly[1] and 4 seats in the Senate.[2]

The MMA that contested the 2002 general election has disbanded, according to the head of Jamaat-e-Islaami.[5]

8. Awami National Party (ANP) has 13 seats in the National Assembly[1] and 6 Senate seats.[2] The NWFP province government is run by the ANP.

Minor political parties

Parties in Parliament

  • Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians, PPPP – 120
  • Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz), PML (N) – 90
  • Pakistan Muslim League (Quaid-i-Azam), PML (Q) – 51 (the original Muslim League)
  • Muttahida Qaumi Movement, MQM – 25 (previously known as Mohajir Qaumi Movement)
  • Awami National Party, ANP – 13
  • Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, MMA – 6
  • Pakistan Muslim League (Functional) – 5
  • Pakistan Peoples Party (Sherpao) – 1
  • Balochistan National Party (Awami) – 1
  • Independent candidates – 19

The Parliament of Pakistan is bicameral, consisting of the National Assembly of Pakistan and the Senate. National Assembly elections were last held on 18 February 2008.

Composition of Parliament

Senate after February 2008 elections
Party Seats
PML 21
MMA 9
PPPP 27
MQM 6
PML/N 7
NAP  
PPP/S  
PkMAP  
ANP 6
PML/F  
JWP  
BNP-Awami  
BNP-Mengal  
BNM/H  
Independents 13
   
   
National Assembly elections, October 2008
Party Seats
PPPP 120 Ruling party by simple majority
PML(N) 90 (Previously part of coalition government)
PML(Q) 51
MQM 25 (Part of coalition government)
ANP 13
MMA 6
PML/F 5
PPP/S 1
BNP 1

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Political parties in Pakistan.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e http://www.ecp.gov.pk/NAPosition.pdf
  2. ^ a b c d e http://www.ecp.gov.pk/Senate_position.pdf
  3. ^ http://www.elections.com.pk/newsdetails.php?id=462
  4. ^ http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008\12\14\story_14-12-2008_pg7_40
  5. ^ http://www.geo.tv/9-12-2009/49114.htm

http://www.hizb-ut-tahrir.info http://www.hizb-ut-tahrir.org http://www.hizb-pakistan.info

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