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Gregory Berns

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Pen nameGregory Berns
OccupationNeuroeconomist, neuroscientist, psychiatrist and writer
LanguageEnglish
NationalityAmerican
EducationA.B. in Physics, Princeton University; Ph.D in Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis; M.D. in Medicine, University of California, San Diego
Alma materPrinceton University
GenreNeuroeconomics, psychiatry and psychology

Gregory S. Berns is a distinguished American neuroeconomist, neuroscientist, professor of psychiatry, psychologist and writer.[1][2][3][4][5]

Berns holds the Distinguished Chair of Neuroeconomics in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA where he is a professor of both psychiatry and economics. He is Director of the Center for Neuropolicy; the author of the book Iconoclast: A Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differently,[6] and has made numerous media appearances.[1][2][3][4][5]

Life and career

Gregory Berns is a distinguished neuroeconomist, holding a university professorship in both psychiatry and economics.

Berns holds the Distinguished Chair of Neuroeconomics in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA where he is a professor of both psychiatry and economics. He is Director of the Center for Neuropolicy, and has made numerous media appearances.[1][2][3][4][5]

Berns has written numerous academic papers, has appeared on the ABC News Primetime television series; CNN and PBS and in newspapers including the New York Times and Wall Street Journal.[6]

Berns wrote the book Iconoclast: A Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differently, which describes and investigates iconoclasts, innovative people who manage to do what others say cannot be done, breaking through three major 'mental roadblocks' which Berns enumerates as (a) perception (often having insights triggered through visual imagery); (b) the human fear response, and (c) socal skills or social intelligence. Berns' work is mainly interested in successful iconoclasts, not with those who show such innovation in their 'log cabin in the woods' but do not go on to market the idea.[6]

Education

In 1986, Berns studied for an A.B. in Physics at Princeton University. In 1990 he went on to study for a Ph.D. in Biomechanical engineering, then and for an M.D. Medicine in 1994, both at the University of California.[2]

After graduating, Berns' was a Research Assistant / Postdoctoral Fellow at Salk Institute for Biological Studies from 1990 to 1994; had a General Psychiatry and Medicine Internship at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center's Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic from 1994 to 1995, followed by an Adult Psychiatry Residency there from 1995 to 1998.[2]

Honours and awards

Berns has won numerous academic awards during his career:

  • Princeton University Department of Physics: Allen G. Shenstone Prize for Outstanding Work in Experimental Physics, 1986
  • University of California, Davis: University of California Regents' Fellowship, 1989-90
  • American Society of Biomechanics: Postdoctoral Young Scientist Award, 1991
  • Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA: Thomas Detre Prize for Outstanding Medical Student Paper in General Psychiatry, 1993
  • American Psychiatric Association: APA/Lilly Resident Research Award, 1995-96
  • National Institute of Mental Health: NIMH Outstanding Resident Award, 1996
  • Society of Biological Psychiatry: SOBP/Lilly Fellowship Award, 1997
  • Organon: Excellence in Psychiatry Residency Award, 1998
  • Anxiety Disorders Association of America: Senior Travel Award, 1999
  • American Psychiatric Association: APA/SmithKline Beecham Young Faculty Award, 1999
  • Emory University School of Medicine: Dean's Clinical Investigator Award, 2001-2004
  • World Economic Forum: Forum Fellow, 2004, 2009[2]

Research

According to Berns' academic home page, his work in the field of Neuroeconomics involves the study of "the relationship of neural systems to decision-making by using a combination of computational and functional imaging techniques" and particularly "the role of the basal ganglia in processing novelty and reward and how this region guides decision-making" and in "risky decision-making."[3]

Reception

Berns' book Iconoclast was reviewed by Alden M. Hayashi in an article entitled Why Picasso Outearned van Gogh in MIT Sloan Management Review.[7]

Iconoclast also featured in a CBC item by Richard Handler entitled Learning how to see the world differently.[8]

Danielle Graham also interviewed Berns about Iconoclast for the magazine Superconsciousness.[9]

Research articles

Berns' and the work of his colleagues has been featured in many academic and specialist journals:

  • Berns MW, Aist J, Edwards J, Strahs K, Girton J, McNeill P, Rattner JB, Kitzes M, Hammer-Wilson M, Liaw L-H, Siemens A, Koonce M, Peterson S, Brenner S, Burt J, Walter R, Bryant PJ, van Dyk D, Coulombe J, Cahill T, Berns GS: Laser microsurgery in cell and developmental biology. Science 213:505-513, 1981.
  • Berns GS and Berns MW: Computer-based tracking of living cells. Exp. Cell Res. 142:103-109, 1982.
  • Berns MW, Berns GS, Coffey J, Wile AG: Exposure (dose) tables for hematoporphyrin derivative photoradiation therapy. Lasers in Surgery & Med. 4:107-131, 1984.
  • Berns GS, Hull ML, Patterson HA: Implementation of a five degree of freedom automated system to determine knee flexibility in vitro. J. Biomech. Eng. 112:392-400, 1990.
  • Howell SM, Berns GS, Farley TE: Unimpinged and impinged anterior cruciate ligament grafts: MR signal intensity measurements. Radiology 179:639-643, 1991.
  • Berns GS, Hull ML, Patterson HA: Strain in the anteromedial bundle of the anterior cruciate ligament under combination loading. J. Orthop. Res. 10:167-176, 1992.
  • Berns GS, Howell SM, Farley TE: The accuracy of signal intensity measurements in magnetic resonance imaging as evaluated within the knee. Magn. Reson. Imag. 10:573-578, 1992.
  • Berns GS and Howell SM: Roofplasty requirements in vitro for different tibial hole placements in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. Am. J. Sports Med. 21:292-298, 1993.
  • Berns GS, Dayan P, Sejnowski TJ: A correlational model for the development of disparity selectivity in visual cortex that depends on prenatal and postnatal phases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:8277-8281, 1993. PDF.
  • Hull ML, Berns GS, Varma H, Patterson HA: Strain in the medial collateral ligament of the human knee under single and combined loads. J. Biomech. 29:199-206, 1996.
  • Berns GS, Cohen JD, Mintun MA: Brain regions responsive to novelty in the absence of awareness. Science, 276:1272-1275, 1997. PDF
  • Berns GS and Sejnowski TJ: A computational model of how the basal ganglia produce sequences. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 10:108-121, 1998. PDF.
  • Nemeroff CB, Kilts CD, Berns GS: Functional brain imaging: Twenty-first century phrenology or psychobiological advance for the millennium?' Am. J. Psychiatry 156:671-673, 1999.
  • Berns GS, Song AW, Mao H: Continuous functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals dynamic nonlinearities in "dose-response" curves for finger opposition. J. Neurosci. 19:RC17:1-6, 1999. PDF.
  • B ischoff-Grethe A, Proper SM, Mao H, Daniels KA, Berns GS: Conscious and unconscious processing of nonverbal predictability in Wernicke's area. J. Neurosci. 20(5):1975-1981, 2000. PDF.
  • Berns GS, McClure SM, Pagnoni G, Montague PR: Predictability modulates human brain response to reward. J. Neurosci., 21:2793-2798, 2001. PDF.
  • Bischoff-Grethe A, Martin M, Mao H, Berns GS: The context of uncertainty modulates the subcortical response to predictability. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 13:986-993, 2001. PDF.
  • Berns GS, Martin M, Proper S: Limbic hyperreactivity in bipolar II disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry, 159:304-306, 2002. PDF.
  • Pagnoni G, Zink CF, Montague PR, Berns GS: Activity in human ventral striatum locked to errors of reward prediction. Nat. Neurosci., 5:97-98, 2002. PDF.
  • Dhamala M, Pagnoni G, Wiesenfeld K, Berns GS: Measurements of brain activity complexity for varying mental loads. Phys. Rev. E., 65:041917(7), 2002. PDF.
  • Rilling JK, Gutman DA, Zeh TR, Pagnoni G, Berns GS, Kilts CD: A neural basis for social cooperation. Neuron, 35:395-405, 2002. PDF.
  • Montague PR, Berns GS, Cohen JD, McClure SM, Pagnoni G, Dhamala M, Wiest M, Karpov I, King RD, Apple N, Fisher RE: Hyperscanning: Simultaneous fMRI during linked social interactions, Neuroimage 16:1159-1164, 2002. PDF.
  • McClure SM, Berns GS, Montague PR: Temporal prediction errors in a passive learning task activate human striatum. Neuron 38: 339-346, 2003. PDF.
  • Dhamala M, Pagnoni G, Wiesenfeld K, Zink CF, Martin M, Berns GS: Neural correlates of the complexity of rhythmic finger tapping. Neuroimage 20:918-926, 2003. PDF.
  • Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin ME, Dhamala M, Berns GS: Human striatal response to salient non-rewarding stimuli. J. Neurosci. 23:8092-8097, 2003. PDF. Accompanying editorial.
  • Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin-Skurski ME, Chappelow JC, Berns GS: Human striatal response to monetary reward depends on saliency. Neuron 42:509-517, 2004. PDF.
  • Capuron L, Pagnoni G, Demetrashvili M, Woolwine BJ, Nemeroff CB, Berns GS, Miller AH: Anterior cingulate activation and error processing during interferon-alpha treatment. Biol. Psychiatry 58:190-196, 2005. PDF.
  • Berns GS, Chappelow JC, Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin-Skurski ME, Richards R: Neurobiological correlates of social conformity and independence during mental rotation. Biol. Psychiatry 58:245-253, 2005. PDF.
  • Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Chappelow JC, Martin-Skurski ME, Berns GS: Human striatal activation reflects degree of stimulus saliency. Neuroimage 29:977-983, 2006. PDF.
  • Berns GS, Chappelow J, Cekic M, Zink CF, Pagnoni G, Martin-Skurski ME: Neurobiologic substrates of dread. Science, 312:754-758, 2006. PDF. Supporting Materials.
  • Capuron L, Pagnoni G, Demetrashvili MF, Lawson DH, Fornwalt FB, Woolwine B, Berns GS, Nemeroff CB, Miller AH: Basal ganglia hypermetabolism and symptoms of fatigue during interferon-alpha therapy. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:2394-2392 , 2007.
  • Berns GS, Capra CM, Moore S, Noussair C: A shocking experiment: new evidence on probability weighting and common ratio violations. Judgment & Decision Making 2:234-242, 2007. PDF.
  • Chandrasekhar PVS, Capra CM, Moore S, Noussair C, Berns GS: Neurobiological regret and rejoice functions for aversive outcomes. Neuroimage 39:1472-1484 (epub Nov 2007). PDF.
  • Berns GS, Capra CM, Chappelow J, Moore S, Noussair C: Nonlinear neurobiological probability weighting functions for aversive outcomes. Neuroimage 39:2047-2057, 2008 (epub Nov 2007). PDF.
  • Engelmann JB, Capra CM, Noussair C, Berns GS: Expert financial advice neurobiologically "offloads" financial decision-making under risk. PLoS One 4:e4957, 2009. Link. PDF.
  • Berns GS, Moore S, Capra CM: Adolescent engagement in dangerous behaviors is associated with increased white matter maturity of frontal cortex. PLoS One 4(8):e6773, 2009. Link. PDF.
  • Berns GS, Capra CM, Moore S, Noussair C: Neural mechanisms of the influence of popularity on adolescent ratings of music. Neuroimage 49:2687-2696, 2010. PDF.

Interviews, appearances and coverage of Berns' work

  • Fox, Maggie (30 September 2008). "Herd mentality rules in financial crisis". Reuters. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  • Graham, Danielle (April/May 2009). "Iconoclasts and Innovation Addressing Fears That Prevent Creativity". SuperConsciousness magazine. Retrieved 2010-06-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  • Grech, Dan (16 November 2009). "Your Mind and Your Money – Extended Interview with Gregory Berns" (video). Public Broadcasting Service. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  • Keough, Dr. Kevin (1 October 2008). "Iconoclast" (Podcast). Psychjourney. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  • Staff (13 January 2006). "Dr. Greg Berns Answers Viewers' Questions on Conformity". ABC News Primetime. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  • Watt, Stephen (Spring 2009). "Iconoclasts: Great Minds Think Different (interview in Rotman Magazine)" (pdf). Desautels Centre for Integrative Thinking, Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto. Retrieved 2010-06-19.

References

  1. ^ a b c Staff. "Gregory S. Berns". Psychology Today. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Staff (4/12/2010). "Gregory S. Berns: Curriculum Vitae". Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 2010-06-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ a b c d Staff. "Homepage of Gregory S. Berns". Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  4. ^ a b c Keough, Dr. Kevin (1 October 2008). "Iconoclast" (Podcast). Psychjourney. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  5. ^ a b c Watt, Stephen (Spring 2009). "Iconoclasts: Great Minds Think Different (interview in Rotman Magazine)" (pdf). Desautels Centre for Integrative Thinking, Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto. Retrieved 2010-06-19.
  6. ^ a b c Staff (Fall 2008). "Iconoclast, by Gregory Berns". Harvard Business Press. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  7. ^ Hayashi, Alden M. (1 October 2008). "Why Picasso Outearned van Gogh". MIT Sloan Management Review. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  8. ^ Handler, Richard (16 June 2009). "Learning how to see the world differently". CBC. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  9. ^ Graham, Danielle (April/May 2009). "Iconoclasts and Innovation Addressing Fears That Prevent Creativity". SuperConsciousness magazine. Retrieved 2010-06-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)


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