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List of private spaceflight companies

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This page is a list of non-governmental entities that currently offer – or are planning to offer – equipment and services geared towards spaceflight, both robotic and human spaceflight.

List of abbreviations used in this article

LEO: Low Earth orbit
GTO: Geostationary transfer orbit
VTOL: Vertical take-off and landing
SSTO: Single-stage-to-orbit
TSTO: Two-stage-to-orbit
SSTSO: Single-stage-to-sub-orbit

Manufacturers of space vehicles

Crew and cargo transport vehicles

See also: Ansari X Prize § Contestants
See also: List of manned spacecraft § Commercial
Company name Craft name Craft type Launcher
name 		Launcher
type 		Maximum
reach 		Passenger
capacity 		Craft status Ref
AERA Corporation Altairis rocket self-powered sub-orbit 7 cancelled [1]
ARCASPACE Stabilo capsule Solar Montgolfier balloon sub-orbit 1 testing [2]
Orizont spaceplane Solar Montgolfier balloon sub-orbit 2 development [3]
Armadillo Aerospace Black Armadillo rocket self-powered sub-orbit 1-3 testing [4]
Bigelow Aerospace and Boeing CST-100 capsule Falcon 9, Atlas V, Delta IV rocket LEO 7 testing [5]
Bigelow Aerospace and Lockheed Martin Orion Lite capsule Falcon 9 rocket LEO 6-7 testing [6]
Blue Origin New Shepard rocket self-powered (SSTSO) sub-orbit 3 testing [7]
Copenhagen Suborbitals Tycho Brahe rocket self-powered sub-orbit 1 development [8]
EADS Astrium unnamed craft spaceplane self-powered (SSTSO) sub-orbit 4 cancelled [9]
Excalibur Almaz TKS derivative capsule multiple rocket LEO 3 development [10][11]
da Vinci Project Wild Fire capsule - balloon sub-orbit 3 cancelled [12]
Interorbital Systems Solaris X capsule self-powered (SSTSO) sub-orbit 6 cancelled [13]
Crew Module capsule Neptune TSAAHTO rocket lunar orbit 6 development [14]
Kawasaki Kankoh-maru rocket self-powered (SSTO) LEO 50 development [15]
Orbital Sciences Corp. Cygnus capsule Taurus II rocket LEO - development [16]
PlanetSpace Canadian Arrow rocket self-powered sub-orbit 3 testing [2]
Silver Dart spaceplane Canadian Arrow rocket LEO 8 development [17]
Reaction Engines Ltd. HOTOL spaceplane self-powered (SSTO) LEO - cancelled [18]
HOTOL 2 spaceplane An 225 airplane LEO - proposed [19]
Skylon spaceplane self-powered (SSTO) LEO 5-20 development [19]
Rocketplane Kistler K-1 rocket self-powered (TSTO) LEO - cancelled [20]
Rocketplane XP spaceplane self-powered (SSTSO) sub-orbit 6 cancelled [21]
Rotary Rocket Roton rocket self-powered (SSTO) LEO 2 cancelled [22]
Scaled Composites and Virgin Galactic
(The Spaceship Company) 		SpaceShipOne spaceplane WhiteKnightOne airplane sub-orbit 2 retired (3/3) [23]
SpaceShipTwo spaceplane WhiteKnightTwo airplane sub-orbit 8 testing [24]
SpaceShipThree spaceplane WhiteKnightTwo airplane LEO (or suborbital passenger-delivery) ? proposed [25]
Space Adventures and Myasishchev Design Bureau Explorer (Cosmopolis XXI, C-21) spaceplane M-55X airplane sub-orbit 5 development [26]
Space Transport Corp. Rubicon I rocket self-powered (SSTSO) sub-orbit 3 cancelled [27]
SpaceDev Dream Chaser spaceplane Atlas V rocket LEO 7 development [28]
SpaceX Dragon capsule Falcon 9 rocket LEO 7 testing [29]
Starchaser Industries NOVA capsule Starchaser 4 rocket sub-orbit - testing [30]
Thunderstar capsule Starchaser 5 rocket sub-orbit 3 development [31]
Thunderbird capsule Starchaser 5 rocket sub-orbit 6 development [31]
Truax Engineering, Inc. X-3 Volksrocket capsule Private Enterprise rocket sub-orbit 1 cancelled
t/Space CXV capsule QuickReach rocket LEO and lunar orbit 6 development [32]
Venturer Aerospace S-550 capsule Falcon 9 rocket LEO 6 cancelled [33]
XCOR Xerus spaceplane self-powered (SSTSO) sub-orbit 2 cancelled [34]
Lynx spaceplane self-powered (SSTSO) sub-orbit 1 development [35]

Space stations

Company name Craft name Craft type Internal
volume 		Passenger
capacity 		Craft status Ref
Bigelow Aerospace Genesis I Inflatable module 11.5 m3 (406.1 cu ft) [36] unmanned currently in LEO [37]
Genesis II Inflatable module 11.5 m3 (406.1 cu ft) [38] unmanned currently in LEO [39]
Galaxy Inflatable module 16.7 m3 (589.8 cu ft) [40] unmanned ground testing [41]
Sundancer Inflatable module 180 m³ (6,357 ft³) 3 development [42]
BA 330 Inflatable module 330 m³ (11,653 ft³) 6 development [43]
Excalibur Almaz Almaz derivative Rigid module - 3 development [10][11]
Galactic Suite Ltd. Galactic Suite Rigid module - 6 development [44]
Orbital Technologies/RSC Energia Commercial Space Station (spacecraft) Rigid Module - 7 development [45]

Launch vehicles

Further information: [[:List of orbital launch systems]]
Company name Launcher
name 		Launcher
type 		No. of
stages 		Maximum
reach 		Launcher
status 		Ref
AirLaunch LLC QuickReach rocket 2 LEO development [46]
ARCASPACE HAAS light rocket 3 LEO development [47]
Armadillo Aerospace OTRAG derivative medium rocket variable LEO cancelled [citation needed]
Beal Aerospace BA-1 light rocket - LEO cancelled [citation needed]
BA-2 medium rocket 3 GTO cancelled [48]
Canadian Arrow Canadian Arrow rocket 2 LEO testing
Galaxy Express GX medium rocket 2 SSO cancelled [49]
Interorbital Systems Sea Star TSAAHTO light rocket 2½ LEO development [50]
Neptune 30 light rocket multi LEO proposed [14]
Neptune 1000 medium rocket multi lunar orbit proposed [14]
Neptune TSAAHTO heavy rocket 2½ lunar orbit proposed [14]
Lockheed Martin VentureStar medium rocket 1 LEO cancelled [51]
Orbital Sciences Corp. Taurus I light rocket 4 LEO operational (6/8) [52]
Taurus II medium rocket 3 LEO development [53]
Orbital Transport & Raketen AG OTRAG medium rocket variable LEO retired
Rocket Lab ATEA-1 light rocket 2 suborbit operational (1/1) [54][55]
Scorpius Space Launch Company
(Spin-off of Microcosm) 		SR-M light rocket 1 suborbit operational [56]
Sprite light rocket - - testing [56]
Liberty light rocket - - development [56]
Exodus medium rocket - - development [56]
Space Freighter medium rocket - - proposed [56]
Space Services Inc. of America Percheron light rocket 1 suborbit cancelled [57]
Conestoga 1620 medium rocket 4 LEO cancelled [57]
Space Systems/Loral Aquarius light rocket 1 LEO development [citation needed]
Space Transport Corp. Spartan light rocket 3 suborbit cancelled
SpaceX Falcon 1 light rocket 2 LEO operational (2/5) [58]
Falcon 5 medium rocket 2 GTO cancelled [citation needed]
Falcon 9 medium rocket 2 GTO operational (1/1) [59]
Falcon 9 Heavy heavy rocket 2+boosters lunar orbit development [59]
Texas Spacelines Inc / TSI. Sol Cazador light rocket 7 HEO/lunar/escape development| [60]

Landers, rovers and probes

Further information: [[:Google Lunar X Prize#Competitors|Google Lunar X Prize § Competitors]]
Company name Craft name Craft type Craft status Ref
Armadillo Aerospace unnamed craft rocket module testing [4]
BlastOff! Corporation Lunar 1 rover cancelled [61]
Odyssey Moon MoonOne (M-1) rover development [62]
Astrobotic Technology Artemis Lander lander development [63]
Red Rover rover development [64]
Team Italia rover development [65]
Micro Space development [66]
Next Giant Leap development [67]
Team FREDNET development [68]
ARCASPACE ELE lunar orbiter development [69]
Lunatrex development [70]
Chandah development [71]
Advaeros development [72]
STELLAR development [73]
JURBAN development [74]
Omega Envoy development [75]
Independence-X development [76]
SYNERGY MOON development [77]
Euroluna ROMIT development [78]
Team Selene LuRoCa 1 rocket car development [79]
SCSG cancelled [80]
Quantum3 cancelled [81]
Puli Space Technologies Puli rover fundraising

Research craft and tech demonstrators

Further information: [[:List of sounding rockets]]
Company name Craft name Craft purpose Craft status Ref
Armadillo Aerospace Quad demonstrate VTOL operational
Blue Origin Goddard demonstrate VTOL operational
Interorbital Systems Neutrino systems testing operational
Tachyon systems testing operational [82]
Lockheed Martin X-33 demonstrate SSTO cancelled
Masten Space Systems XA-0.1 demonstrate VTOL retired
XA-0.1B Lunar Lander Challenge Level 1 operational
XA-0.1E Lunar Lander Challenge Level 2, commercial precursor flights operational
XA-0.1E2 commercial flights development
McDonnell Douglas DC-X demonstrate VTOL retired (11 test flights)
Rotary Rocket Roton ATV demonstrate VTOL retired (3 test flights)
Space Services Inc. Conestoga I systems testing retired (1 test) [57]
Swedish Space Corp. Maxus payload to 700 km operational
Maser payload to 300 km operational
UP Aerospace SpaceLoft XL payload to 140 km operational [83]

Propulsion manufacturers

Company name Engine Engine type Applications Ref
Ad Astra Rocket Company VASIMR magnetoplasma may be used for future Mars missions[citation needed]
AE Aerospace HIRE[84] hybrid ion rocket
Scearamjet[85] Electric Scramjet
American Rocket Company hybrid rocket intellectual property acquired by SpaceDev[citation needed]
Firestar Technologies[86]
Frontier Astronautics VIPER liquid oxygen
Asp high test peroxide
Orion Propulsion Sundancer and Ares I
Reaction Engines Ltd. SABRE precooled air breathing rocket planned to be used in Skylon [87]
SpaceDev hybrid rocket SpaceShipOne and SpaceShipTwo[citation needed]
SpaceX Kestrel (rocket engine) Liquid Oxygen/RP-1 Falcon 1 second stage
Merlin (rocket engine) Liquid Oxygen/RP-1 Falcon 1, Falcon 9, Falcon 9 Heavy first stage[citation needed]
Merlin Vacuum Liquid Oxygen/RP-1 Falcon 9, Falcon 9 Heavy second stage[citation needed]
Raptor (rocket stage) Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Hydrogen Falcon 1, Falcon 9, Falcon 9 Heavy upper stage[citation needed]

Satellite launchers

Spaceliner companies

Company name Contracts for Craft utilised Status
Benson Space Company SpaceDev Dream Chaser waiting for hardware[citation needed]
MirCorp none Soyuz TM, Progress M1 and Mir defunct, Mir deorbited
Space Adventures none Soyuz and the ISS active (6 tourists sent)
Virgin Galactic Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo waiting for hardware

Spacecraft component manufacturers

See also

References

  1. ^ [1]
  2. ^ a b Stabilo Specifications ARCA
  3. ^ Orizont Specifications ARCA
  4. ^ a b Armadillo Aerospace Armadillo Aerospace Cite error: The named reference "Armadillo" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  5. ^ http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=1323
  6. ^ Klamper, Amy (2009-08-14). "Company pitches 'lite' spaceship to NASA : Stripped down version of NASA's future spaceship could be ready 2013". Msnbc.com. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
  7. ^ Blue's Rocket Clues (MSNBC's Cosmic Log, June 24, 2006)
  8. ^ Copenhagen Suborbitals Copenhagen Suborbitals
  9. ^ The launch of a new era in space travel EADS-Astrium
  10. ^ a b http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0908/18almaz/
  11. ^ a b http://www.onorbit.com/node/1395
  12. ^ Second team goes for space prize BBC News
  13. ^ Space racers set sights on orbital frontier MSNBC
  14. ^ a b c d Interorbital Systems Neptune Interorbital Systems
  15. ^ Kankoh-maru Flight Manual Kankoh-maru
  16. ^ http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/content/?cid=5361
  17. ^ Space tourism company still aiming for space station New Scientist
  18. ^ http://www.flightglobal.com/AIRSPACE/photos/missilespacesystemscutaways/bae-hotol-cutaway-10296.aspx
  19. ^ a b http://www.reactionengines.co.uk/skylon_overview.html
  20. ^ http://www.space.com/news/070910_nasa_rocketplane_notice.html
  21. ^ Rocketplane XP spec and description Rocketplane.com
  22. ^ Roton Encyclopedia Astronautica
  23. ^ SpaceShipOne Makes Historiy With First Private Spaceflight Space.com
  24. ^ Virgin Galactic in Space Ship Three talks New York Times
  25. ^ Entrepreneur Unveils New Tourist Spacecraft Your Industry News
  26. ^ New group to Develop Passenger Spacecraft MSNBC
  27. ^ http://www.seattlepi.com/local/200644_forks22.html
  28. ^ SpaceDev Completes Second Milestone Under NASA Space Act Agreement Marketwire
  29. ^ http://www.spacex.com/dragon.php
  30. ^ NOVA Armadillo Aerospace NOVA
  31. ^ a b Industries Starchaser Industries
  32. ^ http://www.nasa.gov/missions/solarsystem/vision_concepts.html
  33. ^ http://www.venturerspace.com/announcement.html
  34. ^ XCOR Aerospace Unveils Rocket-Powered Lynx Vehicle Design FlightGlobal
  35. ^ "XCOR Unveils New Suborbital Rocketship". SPACE.com.
  36. ^ http://www.bigelowaerospace.com/genesis_I/?Genesis_I_General_Specs
  37. ^ http://www.bigelowaerospace.com/genesis_I/
  38. ^ http://www.bigelowaerospace.com/genesis_II/?Genesis_II_General_Specs
  39. ^ http://www.bigelowaerospace.com/genesis_II/
  40. ^ http://www.webcitation.org/5TZsvEzlh
  41. ^ Knapp, George (2007-08-17). "I-Team: Bigelow Aerospace Makes Giant Leap Towards Commercial Space Travel". Las Vegas Now. Retrieved 2007-08-19.
  42. ^ Ferster, Warren (2006-09-21). "Private Space Habitat Could Launch by 2010". Space.com. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  43. ^ The Five-Billion-Star Hotel, 1 Mar 2005
  44. ^ Staff (2007-08-10). "Spanish venture aims to build space hotel". MSNBC.com. Retrieved 2009-03-04.
  45. ^ {Cite news |url=http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/russia-space-tourism-commercial-space-station-100929.html |World's First Commercial Space Station Planned in Russia |work=space.com |author=Tariq Malik |date=2010-09-29 |accessdate=2010-09-29}
  46. ^ New Satellite Lift Tech Studied National Space Symposium 31-MAR-2009
  47. ^ HAAS Orbital Rocket Launcher (Brochure) ARCASPACE
  48. ^ Man With a Mission D Magazine
  49. ^ "IHI to liquidate GX rocket venture after govt pullout". iStock Analyst. 2010-01-16. Retrieved 2010-04-01.
  50. ^ Interorbital Systems Sea Star Interorbital Systems
  51. ^ http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2006/01/x-33venturestar-what-really-happened/
  52. ^ http://www.orbital.com/SpaceLaunch/Taurus/
  53. ^ http://www.orbital.com/SpaceLaunch/TaurusII/
  54. ^ http://www.nzherald.co.nz/space/news/article.cfm?c_id=325&objectid=10612593/
  55. ^ http://www.rocketlab.co.nz/atea-1.html/
  56. ^ a b c d e http://www.scorpius.com/products.htm
  57. ^ a b c http://www.tbs-satellite.com/tse/online/lanc_conestoga.html
  58. ^ http://www.spacex.com/falcon1.php
  59. ^ a b http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php
  60. ^ [2]
  61. ^ Blast Off The unauthroized top-secret website of Peter H. Diamandis
  62. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/odyssey-moon/about
  63. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/astrobotic/about
  64. ^ Astrobotic reveals moon mission plans msnbc.msn.com
  65. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/team-italia/about
  66. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/micro-space/about
  67. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/next-giant-leap/about
  68. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/frednet/about
  69. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/arca/about
  70. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/lunatrex/about
  71. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/chandah/about
  72. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/advaeros/about
  73. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/stellar/about
  74. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/jurban/about
  75. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/omega-envoy/about
  76. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/independence-x/about
  77. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/synergy-moon/about
  78. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/euroluna/about
  79. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/selene/about
  80. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/scsg/about
  81. ^ http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/lunar/teams/quantum3/about
  82. ^ Advantages of using White Fuming Nitric Acid (WFNA) as an oXidizer in rockets [lunarlander.spaceracenews.com]
  83. ^ Private rocket launches ashes of Star Trek's Scotty, astronaut to suborbital space [www.space.com]
  84. ^ HIRE 2009
  85. ^ Scearamjet 2009
  86. ^ Firestar
  87. ^ "The SABRE Engine". Retrieved 2010-08-10.
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