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List of metro systems

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London Underground, opened in 1863, is the oldest metro system in the world.

A metro system is a rapid transit train system. In some cases, metro systems are referred to as subways or undergrounds. The first metro system, the London Underground, was opened in 1863. As of 2010, there are approximately 160 metro systems in the world. The Shanghai Metro is the longest system in passenger route length.[1]. The New York City Subway has the most stations and the longest amount of total trackage.

Considerations

A metro system is defined as an urban, electric passenger transportation system with high capacity and high frequency of service, which is totally independent from other traffic, road or pedestrians.[2][3] The terms heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail often have similar definitions.[4][5]

The dividing line between metro and other modes of public transport, such as light rail and commuter rail, is not always clear. A common way to distinguish metro from light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings, a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way, with no access for pedestrians and other traffic. And in contrast to commuter rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequency, typically not more than 10 minutes between trains during normal daytime service. Furthermore, most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is however not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, or if the power supply is from a third rail or overhead lines.

The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion. Some cities use metro as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded light rail that meet every criteria for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted for in the provided network data. Certain transit networks match the technical level and service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are commonly known or better described as regional or commuter rail. These are not included. Neither are monorail and funicular systems, or people movers, such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transportation systems.

Legend

Countries with metro systems
The locations of all the world's metro systems
Location
Country, and primary city served by the metro system.
Name
The most common English name of the system.
Opened
The year the system was opened for commercial service with metro standard. Parts of the system may be older, as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network.
Stations
The number of stations in the network, with stations connected by transfer counted as one.
Length
The route length of the network in kilometers and miles.

List

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

This list is sortable. Click on the icon in the column header to change sort key and sort order.

Location Name Opening Stations Length (km) Length (mi)
 Argentina
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Metro 1913 76 55.6 34.5
 Armenia
Yerevan Yerevan Metro 1981 10 13.4 8.3
 Austria
Vienna Vienna U-Bahn[6] 1976 101 75 47
 Azerbaijan
Baku Baku Metro 1967 22 33.1 20.6
 Belarus
Minsk Minsk Metro 1984 25 30.3 18.8
 Belgium
Brussels Brussels Metro 1969 69 43.7 27.2
 Brazil
Belo Horizonte Belo Horizonte Metro 1986 19 28.2 17.5
Brasília Brasília Metro 2001 29 46.5 28.9
Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Metro 1985 20 33.8 21.0
Recife Recife Metro 1985 28 39.5 24.5
Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Metro 1979 35 47.0 29.2
São Paulo São Paulo Metro 1974 60 69.0 42.9
Teresina Teresina Metro 1989 9 14.5 9.0
 Bulgaria
Sofia Sofia Metro 1998 14 17.9 11.1
 Canada
Montreal Montreal Metro[7] 1966 68 69.2 43.0
Toronto Toronto Subway and RT[8] 1954 69 68.3 42.4
Vancouver SkyTrain 1985 47 68.7 42.7
 Chile
Santiago Santiago Metro[9][10] 1975 94 119.3 74.1
Valparaíso Valparaíso Metro 2005 20 43.3 26.9
 China
Beijing Beijing Subway[note 1][11] 1969 172 336.0 208.8
Chengdu Chengdu Metro 2010 16 18.5 11.5
Chongqing Chongqing Rail Transit 2005 18 19.1 11.9
Dalian Dalian Metro[12] 2003 20 63.0 39.1
Foshan FMetro [note 2] 2010 14 20.4 12.7
Guangzhou Guangzhou Metro[13] 1997 120 236.0 146.6
Hong Kong MTR (Mass Transit Railway)[14] 1979 82 174.4 108.4
Nanjing Nanjing Metro[15] 2005 55 85.0 52.8
Shanghai Shanghai Metro [note 3][16][17][18] 1995 237 424.8 264.0
Shenyang Shenyang Metro 2010 22 27.8 17.3
Shenzhen Shenzhen Metro 2004 49 69.7 43.3
Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit 2004 24 39.9 24.8
Tianjin Tianjin Metro 1984 26 31.6 19.6
Wuhan Wuhan Metro 2004 27 28.8 17.9
 Colombia
Medellín Medellín Metro 1995 34 32 20
 Czech Republic
Prague Prague Metro 1974 57 59.3 36.8
 Denmark
Copenhagen S-train 1934 84 170 110
Copenhagen Copenhagen Metro 2002 22 21 13
 Dominican Republic
Santo Domingo Santo Domingo Metro 2009 16 14.5 9.0
 Egypt
Cairo Cairo Metro[19] 1987 53 65.5 40.7
 Finland
Helsinki Helsinki Metro 1982 17 21.1 13.1
 France
Lille Lille Metro 1983 60 45.2 28.1
Lyon Lyon Metro 1978 42 30.5 19.0
Marseille Marseille Metro 1977 30 22 14
Paris Paris Métro[20][21] 1900 300 213 132
Rennes Rennes Metro 2002 15 9.4 5.8
Toulouse Toulouse Metro 1993 37 27.5 17.1
 Georgia
Tbilisi Tbilisi Metro 1966 22 26.4 16.4
 Germany
Berlin Berlin U-Bahn[22] 1902 173 147 91
Berlin Berlin S-Bahn 1924 166 331 206
Frankfurt Frankfurt U-Bahn 1968 85 58.6 36.4
Hamburg Hamburg U-Bahn 1912 89 100.7 62.6
Munich Munich U-Bahn 1971 98 100.8 62.6
Nuremberg Nuremberg U-Bahn 1972 44 34.6 21.5
 Greece
Athens–Piraeus ISAP[note 4] 1904 24 25.6 15.9
Athens Athens Metro[note 5] 2000 33 46.6 29.0
 Hungary
Budapest Budapest Metro 1896 40 31.7 19.7
 India
Chennai Chennai Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) 1997 21 15 9.3
Delhi Delhi Metro 2002[23] 142 189.63 117.83
Kolkata Kolkata Metro 1984 23 25.5 15.8
 Iran
Tehran Tehran Metro 2000[24] 80 120 75
 Italy
Catania Catania Metro 1999 6 3.8 2.4
Genoa Genoa Metro 1990 7 5.3 3.3
Milan Milan Metro 1964 93 87 54
Naples Naples Metro[note 6] 1925 69 73.0 45.4
Rome Rome Metro 1955 50 38 24
Turin Metrotorino 2006 15 9.6 6.0
 Japan
Fukuoka Fukuoka City Subway 1981 35 29.8 18.5
Kobe Kobe Rapid Railway 1968 10 7.6 4.7
Kobe Kobe Municipal Subway 1977 25 30.6 19.0
Kyoto Kyoto Municipal Subway 1981 29 28.8 17.9
Nagoya Nagoya Municipal Subway 1957 83 89.1 55.4
Osaka Osaka Municipal Subway 1933 101 137.8 85.6
Sapporo Sapporo Municipal Subway 1971 46 48 30
Sendai Sendai Subway 1987 17 14.8 9.2
Tokyo Tokyo Metro 1927 179 195.1 121.2
Tokyo Toei Subway 1960 106 121.5 75.5
Tokyo Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit 1996 8 12.2 7.6
Yokohama Yokohama Municipal Subway 1972 32 40.4 25.1
Yokohama Minatomirai Line 2004 6 4.1 2.5
 North Korea
Pyongyang Pyongyang Metro 1973 17 22 14
 South Korea
Busan Busan Subway 1985 94 95.8 59.5
Daegu Daegu Subway 1997 56 53.9 33.5
Daejeon Daejeon Subway 2006 22 22.7 14.1
Gwangju Gwangju Subway 2004 20 20.1 12.5
Incheon Incheon Subway 1999 29 29.4 18.3
Seoul Seoul Subway[note 7] 1974 293 317 197
 Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur RapidKL Light Rail Transit 1996 48 56 35
 Mexico
Mexico City Mexico City Metro[note 8][25] 1969 175 176.8 109.9
Monterrey Monterrey Metro 1991 32 32.0 19.9
Guadalajara Guadalajara light rail system (Line 2) 1994 29 24.3 15.1
 Netherlands
Amsterdam Amsterdam Metro[note 9][26] 1977 33 32.7 20.3
Rotterdam Rotterdam Metro 1968 62 55.3 34.4
 Norway
Oslo Oslo Metro 1966 105 84.2 52.3
 Peru
Lima Lima Metro 2003 7 11.7 7.3
 Philippines
Manila Manila Light Rail Transit System 1984 32 34.5 21.4
Manila Manila Metro Rail Transit System 1999 13 17.0 10.6
 Poland
Warsaw Warsaw Metro 1995 21 23.1 14.4
 Portugal
Lisbon Lisbon Metro[27][28] 1959 46 37.7 23.4
 Romania
Bucharest Bucharest Metro 1979 52 67.3 41.8
 Russia
Kazan Kazan Metro[29] 2005 7 10.9 6.8
Moscow Moscow Metro[30][31] 1935 182 301.2 187.2
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod Metro 1985 13 15.3 9.5
Novosibirsk Novosibirsk Metro 1986 13 15.9 9.9
Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg Metro 1955 63 110.2 68.5
Samara Samara Metro 1987 9 10.2 6.3
Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg Metro 1991 7 8.6 5.3
 Saudi Arabia
Mecca Mecca Metro [note 10] 2010 15 18.1 11.2
 Serbia
Belgrade BG VOZ[note 11][32][33][34][35] 2010 5 8 5.0
 Singapore
Singapore Mass Rapid Transit[36] 1987 87 129.7 80.6
 Spain
Barcelona Barcelona Metro[37] 1924 156 116 72
Bilbao Bilbao Metro 1995 36 38.2 23.7
Madrid Madrid Metro (including MetroSur and other suburban lines)[38] 1919 294 284 176
Palma de Mallorca Palma de Mallorca Metro 2007 9 8.3 5.2
Seville Seville Metro 2009 22 18.2 11.3
Valencia Valencia Metro 1988 169 175 109
 Sweden
Stockholm Stockholm Metro[39] 1950 100 110.0 68.4
  Switzerland
Lausanne Lausanne Metro[note 12][40] 2008 28 15.0 9.3
 Taiwan
Taipei Taipei Rapid Transit System 1996 89 100.8 62.6
Kaohsiung Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit 2008 36 40.4 25.1
 Thailand
Bangkok Bangkok Skytrain[41] 1999 25 28.7 17.8
Bangkok Bangkok Metro 2004 18 21 13
Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Airport Link City Line 2010 8 28.6 17.8
 Turkey
Adana Adana Metro 2009 13 13.5 8.4
Ankara Ankara Metro 1997 23 23.4 14.5
Bursa Bursa Metro 2003 22 24 15
Istanbul Istanbul Metro 2000 11 17 11
Izmir Izmir Metro 2000 10 11.6 7.2
 Ukraine
Dnipropetrovsk Dnipropetrovsk Metro 1995 6 7.8 4.8
Kharkiv Kharkiv Metro 1975 29 38.1 23.7
Kiev Kiev Metro 1960 49 63.9 39.7
Kryvyi Rih Kryvyi Rih Metrotram[note 13] 1986 11 17.7 11.0
 United Arab Emirates
Dubai Dubai Metro[42] 2009 21 52.1 32.4
 United Kingdom
Glasgow Glasgow Subway 1896 15 10.4 6.5
London London Underground[43] 1863 270 402 250
London Docklands Light Railway 1987[44] 40 34 21
Newcastle/Sunderland Tyne & Wear Metro 1980 60 77.7 48.3
 United States
Atlanta MARTA 1979 38 77 48
Baltimore Metro Subway 1983 14 24.5 15.2
Boston MBTA[note 14][45][46] 1897 51 61 38
Chicago Chicago 'L' 1892[47][48] 144 173 107
Cleveland RTA Rapid Transit (Red Line) 1955 18 31 19
Los Angeles Los Angeles County Metro Rail[note 15][49] 1993 16 28.0 17.4
Miami Metrorail 1984 22 36 22
New York City New York City Subway[note 16][50][51][52] 1870 423 337 209
New York City Staten Island Railway[note 17] 1966[note 18] 22 22 14
New York City PATH 1908[53] 13 22.2 13.8
Philadelphia SEPTA[note 19] 1907 53 40.06 24.89
Philadelphia PATCO Speedline 1936 13 22.9 14.2
San Francisco Bay Area BART[54] 1972 43 167 104
San Juan Tren Urbano 2004 16 17.2 10.7
Washington, D.C. Washington Metro 1976 86 171 106
 Uzbekistan
Tashkent Tashkent Metro 1977 29 37.5 23.3
 Venezuela
Caracas Caracas Metro 1983 47 54.2 33.7
Los Teques Los Teques Metro 2006 2 9.5 5.9
Maracaibo Maracaibo Metro 2006 6 6.5 4.0
Valencia Valencia Metro 2006 7 7.0 4.3

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Trial operation since 1969. Fully operational and open to public since 1981.
  2. ^ 1st line of Foshan Metro serves two cities - Foshan and Guangzhou
  3. ^ Excludes Expo and Maglev lines. According to official sources, the total line length is 424.8 kilometers. But line 3 and 4 share 11.9 kilometers of tracks according to urbanrail.net. Thus the route network length is approximately 413 kilometers. The total number of stations is 273 (officially), but only 237 if transfer stations are counted as one (according to ExploreShanghai.com).
  4. ^ The green line, operated by Athens–Piraeus Electric Railway, was opened in 1869 as a steam train railway line. It was electrified in 1904, extended with underground sections through the city in 1948, and extended to its full length to Kifissia in 1957 using the right-of-way of a former metre gauge suburban line. Full metro operation since 1904 between Piraeus and Athens and 1957 to Kifissia
    "Information on Line 1 - Technical Data". ISAP. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
  5. ^ The blue line also has a 21.2 km section (with 4 stations) to the airport that is owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation and is mainly used by the suburban railway system.
    "Operation". Attiko Metro S.A. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
    Schwandl, Robert. "Athens Metro". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
  6. ^ Currently, line 1, 2 and 6 are rapid transit. Additional suburban lines will be upgraded to rapid transit standard.
    Schwandl, Robert. "Napoli". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
  7. ^ Parts of Line 1 and Line 3 overlap with conventional railways that were built before 1974.
  8. ^ There are 147 stations on the network map, counting transfer stations as one. The sum of number of stations for all lines is 175.
  9. ^ Line 50, 53, and 54 are rapid transit. Numbers exclude light rail line 51.
  10. ^ serves suburbs of agglomeration also
  11. ^ BG:Voz is partially underground urban cityrail system, not part of an S-Bahn like Beovoz suburban system
  12. ^ The Lausanne Metro has two lines. Line 1 is light rail, line 2 is rapid transit. Stats are for line 2 only.
  13. ^ Despite of naming and use of tram rolling stock, partially underground system of Kryvyi Rih Metrotram de facto is completely rapid transit system with fenced stations and tracks that fully separated from roads and segregated from city's conventional tram system
  14. ^ The Red, Orange, and Blue lines of the subway are rapid transit. The originally-elevated Orange Line opened in 1901, sharing the Tremont Street Subway that opened in 1897 as an underground tram tunnel.
  15. ^ Red and Purple lines.
  16. ^ First regular elevated railway service began in 1870. The first section of subway opened in 1904. The total number of stations is 468, but with transfer stations counted only once, the number is 423 (including temporarily closed station Cortlandt Street).
  17. ^ Staten Island Railway is formally separate from NYC Subway but de facto is one of the lines of rapid transit system within city that has full separation from national railways, uses similar fare and rolling stock and operates by part of the same MTA company
  18. ^ Since the year of appear, 1860, SIR was shared part of national railways till separation from one in 1953 and reconstruction as segregated rapid transit in 1966
  19. ^ Broad Street Line and Market–Frankford Line

References

  1. ^ "Shanghai now the world's longest metro". 4 May 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  2. ^ "Metro". International Association of Public Transport. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
  3. ^ Schwandl, Robert (2007). "What is a metro?". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
  4. ^ "Glossary of Transit Terminology". American Public Transportation Association. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
  5. ^ "The demand for public transport: a practical guide" (PDF). Transport Research Laboratory. p. 6. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
  6. ^ "Wein". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 6 May 2010.
  7. ^ "The Montreal métro: a source of pride" (PDF). 2002. pp. 10, 11. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
  8. ^ "TTC - Subway/RT". Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  9. ^ "Plan your journey" (in Spanish). Santiago Metro. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Track length and stations
  10. ^ "Santiago Metro: History". Santiago Metro. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Opening year
  11. ^ "Beijing Subway". Explore Beijing "Subwaypedia". Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  12. ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Dalian". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
  13. ^ "Guangzhou Metro". ExploreGuangzhou's "Metropedia". Retrieved 31 October 2010.
  14. ^ "Train Services". MTR Corporation. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  15. ^ "Nanjing Metro". Urbanrail. Retrieved 29 May 2010.
  16. ^ "Metro Map". Shanghai Metro. 30 June 2010. Retrieved 1 November 2010.
  17. ^ "Shanghai Metro". ExploreShanghai.com. Retrieved 1 January 2011. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  18. ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Shanghai". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 1 November 2010.
  19. ^ Rohde, Mike. "Cairo". Metro Bits. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
  20. ^ "The RATP Dev Brochure" (PDF). RATP. 11 June 2010. p. 3. Retrieved 7 November 2010. network length and number of stations
  21. ^ "Le Metropolitain, RER and Bus - A bit of history". Paris.org. Retrieved 25 January 2010. opening year
  22. ^ "The Berlin metro (U-Bahn)". Means of Transport & Routes. BVG. Archived from the original on 2008-02-18. Retrieved 2008-02-24.
  23. ^ "Indian PM launches Delhi metro". BBC News. 2002-12-24. Retrieved 2010-09-12.
  24. ^ "Tehran Metro". Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  25. ^ "Datos de operacion [[:Template:Es icon]]". Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Retrieved 2010-11-18. {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) Template:Es icon
  26. ^ "World Metro List - Amsterdam". metro bits. 2008-01-10. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  27. ^ "General Data: Network Expansion". Metropolitano de Lisboa. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Station count and track length
  28. ^ "A brief history". Metropolitano de Lisboa. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Opening year
  29. ^ "Kazan Subway". Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  30. ^ "Московский метрополитен". Moskovsky Metropoliten (in Russian). Retrieved 12 August 2010.
  31. ^ "Метрополитен в цифрах". Moskovsky Metropoliten (in Russian). Retrieved 12 August 2010.
  32. ^ http://www.serbianrailways.com/system/sr-latin/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/25720.html
  33. ^ Serbian: http://www.beograd.rs/cms/view.php?id=1407866
  34. ^ http://transphoto.ru/photo/330985/
  35. ^ http://transphoto.ru/articles/1868/
  36. ^ "Singapore MRT". Explore Singapore's "MRTpedia". Retrieved 18 April 2010.
  37. ^ "Barcelona Metro". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
  38. ^ "Metro de Madrid in figures". Retrieved 24 January 2010.
  39. ^ "SL Annual Report 2007" (PDF). Storstockholms Lokaltrafik. 2008-06-27. p. 29. Retrieved 2008-09-10. [dead link‍]
  40. ^ "Metro m2" (PDF). Transports publics de la région lausannoise. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
  41. ^ "Operating System". Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Company Limited. Retrieved 2008-11-20.
  42. ^ "About metro". Dubai Metro. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
  43. ^ "Key facts". London Underground. Transport for London. Retrieved 2010-11-01.
  44. ^ "Docklands Light Railway: History". Transport for London. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
  45. ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Boston T". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
  46. ^ "About the T - Financials - Appendix: Statistical Profile" (PDF). MBTA. 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
  47. ^ "Our Services". CTA. Retrieved 19 April 2010. stations only
  48. ^ "Chicago". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 19 April 2010. route length only}}
  49. ^ "Facts at a Glance". Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2008-03-25.
  50. ^ "New York City Transit - History and Chronology". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 7 November 2010. opening year
  51. ^ "New York City Transit - Subway and Bus Ridership Statistics 2009". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 7 November 2010. number of stations
  52. ^ "New York City Subway & PATH". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 7 November 2010. network route length
  53. ^ "New York City: PATH". UrbanRail. Retrieved 25 January 2010.
  54. ^ "BART System Facts". San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. Retrieved 2008-04-23.

General references

Further reading

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