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Interbreeding between archaic and modern humans

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Archaic Homo sapiens admixture with modern humans is known to occur at least twice: with Neanderthals, and with Denisova hominin. An estimated 1 to 4 percent of the DNA in Europeans and Asians (i.e. French, Chinese and Papua probands) is non-modern, and shared with ancient Neanderthal DNA rather than with Sub-Saharan Africans (i.e. Yoruba and San probands).[1][2]

In addition to genetic studies linking approximately 1-4% of non-African modern human DNA to Neanderthals, these tests comparing the Denisova hominin genome with those of six modern humans whose genome has been sequenced, a ǃKung from South Africa, a Nigerian, a French person, a Papua New Guinean, a Bougainville Islander and a Han Chinese showed that between 4% and 6% of the genome of Melanesians (represented by the Papua New Guinean and Bougainville Islander) derives from a Denisovan population, possibly introduced during the early migration of the ancestors of Melanesians into Southeast Asia. This history of interaction suggests that Denisovans once ranged widely over eastern Asia.[3]

Melanesians thus emerge as the most "archaic"-admixed population, having Denisovan/Neandertal-related admixture of ~8%.

See also

References

  1. ^ Green, Richard E.; et al. (2010-05-07). "A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome". Science. 328 (5979): 710–722. doi:10.1126/science.1188021. PMID 20448178. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
  2. ^ "NEANDERTALS LIVE!". john hawks weblog. Retrieved 2010-12-31.
  3. ^ Reich, David; Green, Richard E.; Kircher, Martin; Krause, Johannes; Patterson, Nick; Durand, Eric Y.; Viola, Bence; Briggs, Adrian W.; Stenzel, Udo; Johnson, Philip L. F.; Maricic, Tomislav; Good, Jeffrey M.; marques-Bonet, Tomas; Alkan, Can; Fu, Qiaomei; Mallick, Swapan; Li, Heng; Meyer, Matthias; Eichler, Evan E.; Stoneking, Mark; Richards, Michael; Talamo, Sahra; Shunkov, Michael V.; Derevianko, Anatoli P.; Hublin, Jean-Jacques; Kelso, Janet; Slatkin, Montgomery; Pääbo, Svante (2010), "Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia", Nature, 468 (7327): 1053–1060, doi:10.1038/nature09710 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
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