List of power stations in Iran
This is a list of power stations in Iran. Iran had a total installed electricity generation capacity of 53,000 MW by 2009 and plans to add annually 5,000 MW more capacity to the grid.[4][5] The government of Iran has plans to privatize 20 power plants by September 2010.[6]
Iran will account for 17.08% of MENA power generation by 2014. Gas was the dominant fuel in Iran in 2009, accounting for an estimated 56.8% of primary energy demand (PED), followed by oil at 40.8% and hydro with a 1.4% share of PED.[7] As at 2010, the average efficiency of power plants was 38 percent. The figure should reach 45 percent within five years and 50 percent under Vision 2025.[8]
Electricity generation in 2008, amounted to 203.8 billion kWh, up by 5.9 percent compared with the previous year. In 2008, of total generated electricity, 190.2 billion kWh (93.3 percent) was generated by power plants affiliated with the Ministry of Energy and 13.6 billion kWh (6.7 percent) by other institutions, mostly in the private sector.[9][10] The largest share of electricity (91.1 billion kWh) was generated by steam power plants while diesel power plants accounted for the lowest share of generation (0.2 billion kWh). Also in 2008, the highest growth in generation of electricity belonged to gas and combined cycle power plants with 9.3 percent growth rate; however, the amount of electricity generated by hydroelectric power plants showed 1.7 percent decline. The consumer price of electricity in Iran as of 2010 is 1.6 US cents per kilowatt hour while the real production cost is eight US cents.[10][11]
In 2010, 900,000 people were working directly or indirectly for the power industry in Iran. The country spare capacity stands at 3 per cent, where it should ideally be 25 per cent.[11] It has been reported that 23.5 per cent of the electricity generated goes to waste in the transmission network.[11] Iran exports annually 5.5 TWh of electricity to seven countries surrounding Iran.[12] Iran's electricity grid is currently connected to Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan.[13]
Manufacturing
While most of the electricity generators are run by the government, the equipment producers and contractors are generally from the private sector.[11] Iran is among the top ten manufacturers of gas turbines with a capacity of 160 megawatts.[14] Iranian experts of JEMCO (a subsidiary of IDRO) have succeeded in developing the capacity to produce one-megawatt generators.[15] Iran has acquired self-sufficiency of over 80 percent in constructing hydraulic turbines and over 90 percent in producing gas turbines. Within the next few years, Iran can join the list of countries that produce power plant technology (2009).[16] Iran has achieved the technical expertise to set up hydroelectric, gas and combined cycle power plants.[17][18] Iran is among the four world countries that are capable of manufacturing advanced V94.2 gas turbines.[19]
Nuclear power plants
Darkhovin Nuclear Power Plant is Iran's first indigenously designed and built power plant besides the research reactor of IR-40.[20][21][22] Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant is Iran's first nuclear power plant and it has been manufactured with the technical assistance of Russia.
International projects
Iran is not only self-sufficient in power plant construction but has also concluded a number of contracts on implementing projects in neighboring states.[1][2][3] As of 2010, Iranian energy and resource development firms are involved in 50 projects worth over USD 2.2 billion in more than 20 countries across the world.[23]
One of Iran’s most important international projects will see the construction of a $200-million hydroelectric dam in Nicaragua starting 2011. Iran is currently engaged in dam construction in Tajikistan, Armenia and Azerbaijan, and consultations are underway with a number of other countries. Kenya, Sri Lanka, Bolivia and Mali are the potential target markets being considered for exporting the country’s technical and engineering services.[24] In 2010, Iran won a contract to build a dam in Afghanistan and the third contract to build a power plant station in Syria.[25] In December 2005 a wind farm was put in operation at Pushkin Pass in Armenia. Total installed capacity of the farm is 2.64 MW, comprise from the four 660 kW wind turbines. Wind farm was built by support of 3.1 mln US$ grant from the government of Islamic Republic of Iran.[26] The Armenian and Iranian energy sectors are currently jointly constructing the Iran-Armenia Wind Farm which is set to become the country's largest wind farm, having an installed electric capacity of 90 MW.[27][28] Russia, India, Qatar, the UAE, Jordan, Syria and Oman are the new countries that have asked Iran for electricity.[13]
Foreign direct investment
According to the Ministry of Energy, Germany has invested $445 million in construction of the Pareh-Sar combined cycle power plant in northern Iran, while the UAE has invested $720 million in construction of a gas power plant as well as a combined cycle power plant in Isfahan and Shiraz.[7]
Privatization
Mapna Company. Sahand, Bistoun, Shazand, Shahid Montazeri, Tous, Shahid Rajaei and Neishabour power stations are among the profit-making plants, work on privatizing them will be finalized by late March 2007.[29] Jahrom, Khalij-e Fars (Persian Gulf) and Sahand power plants will be ceded to the private sector in 2009.[30][31] All domestic power plants will be privatized gradually, except those the government feels it should run to ensure security of the national electricity grid. Power plants of Damavand, Mashhad, Shirvan, Kerman, Khalij-e Fars, Abadan, Bisotoon, Sanandaj, Manjil and Binalood, which have been turned into public limited firms, are ready for privatization.[32] As of 2010, 20 power plants were ready for privatization in Iran.[33] Upon ceding the 20 power plants to IPO, some 40 percent of the capacity of power plants nationwide will be assigned to the private and cooperative sectors.[34]
Electricity bourse
The new electricity bourse will be implemented in 2011. This will bring about more competition and transparency in Iran’s electricity market.[35]
The average price of each kilowatt of electricity is 450 rials (around 5 cents) during the first phase of the Subsidy Reform Law. The average final price of each kilowatt of electricity will be 1000 rials (around 10 cents) in 2015.[36]
In 2010, the total of Iran’s electricity exports to Afghanistan, Iraq (650 MW), Azerbaijan, Armenia, Pakistan and Turkey reached 878 megawatts and the total of imports from Armenia (237 MW) and Turkmenistan was recorded at 463 megawatts.[37]
Jordan, India, Oman, Qatar, Russia, Syria, and the UAE are the new countries that have expressed interest in buying electricity from Iran.[38]
Biofuel
| Name | Location | Capacity | Type | Operational | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shiraz Biogas Power Plant | Fars Province | 1.1 MW | Biogas Power Plant | 2009 | The plant uses organic waste as fuel for production of electricity |
Fossil
![[icon]](/enwiki/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2010) |
| Name | Location | Capacity | Type | Operational | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rudeshur Power Plant | Markazi Province | 2000 MW | Gas Power Plant | 2007 | The First Private Power Plant In Iran belongs To Arian Mah-Taab Gostar Co. |
| Aliabad Katoul Plant | Golestān Province | 1000 MW | Gas Power Plant | 2010 | According to Iran Power Plant Investment Company, Iranian experts have manufactured the gas power plant's industrial equipment under license from Germany's Siemens.[18] |
Geothermal
| Name | Location | Capacity | Type | Operational | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meshkinshahr Geothermal Power Plant | Ardabil Province | 250 MW | Geothermal Power Plant | 2010 | It is Iran's first geothermal electricity generation station |
Hydroelectric
Nuclear
| Name | Location | Capacity | Type | Operational | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant | Bushehr | 4x915 MW | VVER | 2010-07-01 | Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant is planned to have 4 PWR's each with an electricity generating capacity of 915 MWh; Bushehr-1 reactor is to come online in August 2010; Construction of Bushehr-2 is to commence in 2011; Construction of Bushehr-3 is to commence in 2012; Construction of Bushehr-4 is currently suspended |
| IR-40 | Arak | 40 MW | Heavy water reactor | 2011 | It is a thermal reactor designed to produce power and isotopes; It is also Iran's first indigenously built nuclear reactor |
| Darkhovin Nuclear Power Plant | Darkhovin | ?x360 MW | Heavy water reactor | 2016 | Construction of Darkhovin Nuclear Power Plant began in 2008; It is to be built based on indigenous technologies developed for IR-40; It is scheduled to come online in 2016 |
Solar
With about 300 clear sunny days a year and an average of 2,200 kilowatt-hour solar radiation per square meter, Iran has a great potential to tap solar energy.[41]
| Name | Location | Capacity | Type | Operational | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yazd solar thermal power plant | Yazd | 467 MW | Integrated Solar Combined Cycle | 2009 | Yazd solar thermal power plant is the world's first integrated solar combined cycle power station using natural gas and solar energy. It is the largest solar power plant in the Middle East and the eighth largest in the world.[41] |
| Shiraz solar power plant | Shiraz | 250 KW | Concentrating solar power | 2009 | Shiraz solar power plant is Iran's first Solar power station; Currently being upgraded to 500 kW·h |
Tidal power
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Wave power
| This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (April 2010) |
Wind
| Name | Location | Capacity | Type | Operational | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Binalood wind farm | Razavi Khorasan Province | 28.2 MW | Onshore wind farm | 2008 | The wind farm uses 43 units of 660 kW·h; Currently being upgraded to 93 turbine units with a total capacity of 61.2 MWh |
| Manjil and Rudbar Wind Farm | Gilan Province | 100.8 MW | Onshore wind farm | 1994 | The wind farm uses 171 units of 300-660 kW·h turbines; It was the first wind farm in Iran |
| Jarandaq wind farm | Qazvin Province | 60 MW | Being studied[42] |
Others
| Name | Location | Capacity | Type | Operational | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qazvin hydrogen power plant | Qazvin Province | 200 KW | Photoelectrochemical cell / Fuel cell | 2009 | The plant is based on the idea of Hydrogen economy, using Photoelectrochemical cells to produce hydrogen for electricity generation in Fuel cells |
| Shahid Esmaili power plant | Tehran Province | 7 MW | Combined Heat & Power (CHP) system.[43] | — | CHP is a system that involves the recovery of waste heat from power generation to form useful energy for other purposes such as heating. The system increases the efficiency of the power plant to more
than 1.5 times that of traditional power plants. |
| — | Tehran Province | — | Solid waste.[44] | 2012 | The plant has the capacity to burn 300 tonnes of solid waste per day. |
See also
- International rankings of Iran
- Iranian Economic Reform Plan
- Energy in Iran
- Wind power in Iran
- Solar power in Iran
- Construction in Iran
- Iran–Pakistan–India gas pipeline
- Privatization in Iran
References
- ^ a b http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=124967§ionid=351020103
- ^ a b Iran-Daily:Hydroelectric Power Generation Will Increase
- ^ a b http://www.nitc.co.ir/iran-daily/1387/3267/html/economy.htm
- ^ http://news.tavanir.org.ir/press/press_detail.php?id=14727
- ^ http://news.tavanir.org.ir/press/press_detail.php?id=16641
- ^ http://www.officialwire.com/main.php?action=posted_news&rid=153995
- ^ a b http://www.presstv.com/detail/139882.html
- ^ http://www.zawya.com/story.cfm/sidZAWYA20110414044704
- ^ http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=115682§ionid=351020103
- ^ a b http://en.tpo.ir/UserFiles/File/Annual1386.pdf
- ^ a b c d http://www.payvand.com/news/10/apr/1189.html
- ^ http://www.presstv.ir/detail/141402.html
- ^ a b http://previous.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=141292§ionid=351020103
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3402/html/economy.htm
- ^ http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=123039§ionid=351020103
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3473/html/economy.htm
- ^ http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=109957§ionid=351020103
- ^ a b http://www.presstv.com/detail/148477.html
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/12/19/MainPaper/3914/Page/4/Index.htm
- ^ http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/352355/iran_press_official_provides_details_on_native_iranian_nuclear_plant/
- ^ http://www.iranwatch.org/wmd/wmd-nukemilestones.htm
- ^ http://www.ahwazstudies.org/content/view/2852/53/lang,english/
- ^ http://www.payvand.com/news/10/nov/1170.html
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3276/html/economy.htm
- ^ http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Jun10.pdf
- ^ http://www.renewableenergyarmenia.am/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=37&Itemid=99
- ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Armenia
- ^ http://www.ebrdrenewables.com/sites/renew/Lists/Projects/DispForm.aspx?ID=19&Source=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eebrdrenewables%2Ecom%2Fsites%2Frenew%2Fcountries%2FArmenia%2Fdefault%2Easpx
- ^ Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 01/28/07
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3294/html/economy.htm
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3292/html/economy.htm
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3372/html/economy.htm
- ^ http://www.payvand.com/news/10/feb/1167.html
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/4/29/MainPaper/3731/Page/4/Index.htm
- ^ http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Feb11.pdf
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/10/19/MainPaper/3866/Page/4/Index.htm#
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/10/19/MainPaper/3866/Page/4/Index.htm#
- ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/10/19/MainPaper/3866/Page/4/Index.htm#
- ^ http://presstv.com/detail/169801.html
- ^ http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=192035
- ^ a b http://www.zawya.com/story.cfm/sidZAWYA20101220044922
- ^ http://www.tavanir.org.ir/farsi/projects/web-amar/Projects/Generation/Fani/Wind/manjil60.asp
- ^ http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Mar11.pdf
- ^ http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Mar11.pdf
External links
- Iran Water & Power Development Company
- Iran power, 57-page report, 2010
- Thermal Power Market Outlook in Iran to 2020, 78-page report, 2010
