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Bharatpur, Rajasthan

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For other uses, see Bharatpur (disambiguation).

Template:Infobox Indian jurisdiction Bharatpur (Template:Lang-raj) is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It was founded by Maharaja Suraj Mal in 1733. Located in the Brij region, Bharatpur was once an impregnable, well-planned and well-fortified city, and the capital of Jat kingdom ruled by Sinsinwar Maharajas.The trio of Bharatpur, Deeg and Dholpur has played an important part in the history of India. Located 55 km west of the city of Agra (the city of the Taj Mahal) and 35 km from Mathura, it is also the administrative headquarters of Bharatpur District and also the headquarters of Bharatpur Division of Rajasthan. The Royal House of Bharatpur traces their history to the eleventh Century AD. of this region are of most respected royal status in Rajasthan.

Bharatpur is located at 27°13′N 77°29′E / 27.22°N 77.48°E / 27.22; 77.48.[1] It has an average elevation of 183 metres (600 feet). Bharatpur is also known as Lohagarh. Bharatpur is famous for Keoladeo National Park.

Demographics

As of the 2001 Indian census,[2] Bharatpur had a population of 304,560. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Bharatpur has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 75% and female literacy of 56%. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. The languages commonly spoken in Bharatpur are English, Hindi and Brij-Bhasha .

Social groups

Jats, Yadavs and Gujars are some dominant castes in Bharatpur district.[3][citation needed]

History

Main article: History of Bharatpur

The history of Bharatpur has immediate correlations with the history of Rajasthan. The town was named Bharatpur after Bharata, brother of Lord Rama, whose other brother Laxman is the family deity of the erstwhile royal family of Bharatpur. The Bharatpur rulers of Sinsinwar,Bhagour gotra have originated from Sini/Shini in the ancestry of Indo-called Jats.

The approximate extent of East Iranian languages in Middle Iranian times in the first century BC is shown in orange
Scythians shooting with the Scythian bow, Kerch (antique Panticapeum), Ukraine, fourth century BC
Gold Scythian pectoral, or neckpiece, from a royal kurgan in Tolstaya Mogila, Ordžonikidze, dated to the second half of the fourth century BC. The central lower tier shows three horses, each being torn apart by two griffins.

The Scythians or Scyths[4] (Template:Lang-grc) were an ancient Iranian people of -riding nomadic pastoralists[5] who throughout Classical Antiquity dominated the Pontic-Caspian steppe, known at the time as Scythia. Before 2006, they were believed to have ranged west of the Altai Mountains, until a royal burial was found to the east in Mongolia.[6] By Late Antiquity the closely-related Sarmatians came to dominate the Scythians in the west. Much of the surviving information about the Scythians comes from the Greek historian Herodotus (c. 440 BC) in his Histories and Ovid in his poem of exile Epistulae ex Ponto, and archaeologically from the depictions of Scythian life shown in relief on exquisite goldwork found in Scythian [[ by Maharaja Surajmal in the early seventeenth century. He established a state in the Braj region south of Delhi, with its capital at Deeg. Leaders such as Gokula, Raja Ram, Churaman and Badan Singh brought together all the Jats and moulded them into a force to be reckoned with. Maharaja Suraj Mal was the state's greatest ruler; he made the state a formidable force in the region. During the British Raj, the state covered an area of 5,123 km² and its rulers enjoyed a salute of 17 guns. The state acceded unto the Dominion of India in 1947. It was merged with three nearby princely states to form the "Matsya Union", which in turn was merged with other adjoining territories to create the present-day state of Rajasthan.

Economy

Economy of Bharatpur district is dependent to a large extent on agriculture and its products. The main crops grown here are wheat, mustard, cotton, and There are more than 60 oil mills in Bharatpur due to mustard grown in large quantity in the surrounding areas. Bharatpur is famous for its sweets which are well prepared here and there are a large number of shops here.In some areas stone mining is also done like bansi paharpur as Aravalli is extended in this area.

Keoladeo National Park

Main article: Keoladeo National Park

Being a UNESCO's World Heritage Site , the duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, China and Siberia. Some 364 species of birds, including the rare Siberian Crane, have been recorded in the park. The name "Keoladeo" is derived from the name of an ancient Hindu temple devoted to Lord Shiva in the sanctuary's central zone while the Hindi term "Ghana" implies dense, thick areas of forest cover. It is mainly famous for siberian crane. It was the only habitat of siberian crane in the world, are being cited as lack of conservation measures in India, hunting during migration in Pakistan and the Afghanistan as well as the war against Taliban in Afghanistan. [7]

Places to see

Tourist attractions in Bharatpur

File:Ganga Mandir Bharatpur.jpg
Ganga Mandir Bharatpur

Tourist attractions in surrounding area

Fairs and festivals

  • Brij Mahotsav: in the month of February–March.
  • Jaswant Exhibition: Jaswant Exhibition is held in the month of September–October during Dussehra.
  • Gangaur: Gangaur festival is held in March–April.
  • Teej: Teej festival is held in July–August.

Notes

  1. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Bharatpur
  2. ^ Template:GR
  3. ^ http://books.google.co.in/books?ei=UJmJTcDsK8PnrAeSh_TfDg&ct=result&id=LSluAAAAMAAJ&dq=ahirs+of+Bharatpur&q=jats+and+ahirs
  4. ^ Scythian is pronounced /ˈsɪθi.ən/ or /ˈsɪði.ən/. Scyth is pronounced /ˈsɪθ/. From Greek Template:Polytonic. Note Scytho- /ˈsaɪθoʊ/ in composition (OED).
  5. ^ "Scythian". The New Encyclopædia Britannica, Micropædia. Volume. Vol. 10 (15th ed.). p. 576. member of a nomadic people originally of Iranian stock who migrated from Central Asia to southern Russia in the eighth and seventh centuries BC {{cite encyclopedia}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  6. ^ "Scythian mummy shown in Germany". BBC News. 24 August 2006. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
  7. ^ Anuradha Nagraj (22 January 2003). "Siberian Cranes give Bharatpur a miss". Indian Express. Retrieved 21 June 2011.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bharatpur.

Datta: An Advanced History of India, fourth edition, 1978, ISBN 0333 90298 X, p. 535-36

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