Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin's Rebellion
| Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin's Rebellion | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the wars of the Three Kingdoms | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Cao Wei |
Guanqiu Jian, Wen Qin, Eastern Wu | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Sima Shi |
Guanqiu Jian †, Wen Qin | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown, but not much. Mostly peasants. Wu reinforcements were feeble also. | |||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown, but not much. Sima Shi severely wounded, later costing him his life. | Most of the army. Guanqiu Jian slain. | ||||||
Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin's Rebellion was a punitive uprising against the Sima clan of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of Eastern China. This was the 2nd rebellion during the Three Rebellions in Shouchun in the 250's.
Background
Following the Incident of Gaoping Tombs, the Sima clan obtained complete control of the Cao Wei empire authority, and Cao Fang ordered an assassination on Sima Shi following Sima Yi's death. Though the attempt failed, Sima Shi was damaged in his eye. Sima Shi deposed Cao Fang and replaced him with Cao Mao, inciting Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin to rebel. They raised an army of almost every peasant present in Shouchun.
The Battle
News of the revolt reached the rival state of Eastern Wu, and the Wu emperor Sun Liang sent troops to support Guanqiu Jian. The Wu forces were led by their chancellor Sun Jun, Lü Ju and Liu Zan (留贊). Sima Shi personally led an army to suppress the revolt. He sent the Inspector of Jing Province, Wang Ji, to capture Nandun (南頓) before the rebels did. The armies led by Zhuge Dan, Hu Zun (胡遵) and Deng Ai arrived and merged with Sima Shi's main force. Sima Shi ordered his troops not to advance any further. Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin were unable to engage the enemy and were worried that they might be ambushed if they retreated back to Shouchun. As most of the rebels' families were in the region north of the Huai River, their morale gradually plunged and they deserted. Only the newly recruited civilians remained in the rebel army. At the same time, Deng Ai led his troops to garrison at Yuejia (樂嘉). Guanqiu Jian saw that Deng Ai's army was quite weak so he sent Wen Qin to attack. When Wen Qin reached there he saw that Sima Shi's main army had arrived so he ordered a retreat. Sima Shi sent his Chief Clerk Sima Ban (司馬班) to give chase. Wen Qin's army was routed and he managed to escape barely as his son Wen Yang fought bravely to protect him. The palace guard Yin Damu (尹大目) caught up with Wen Qin and attempted to persuade him to surrender but Wen refused. When Guanqiu Jian heard of Wen Qin's defeat, he escaped at night and his army was disbanded. Guanqiu Jian was later killed by a civilian called Zhang Shu (張屬) in Shen County (慎縣) and his head was sent to the capital Luoyang. When Wen Qin returned to Xiang County (項縣) he saw that Shouchun had fallen to Zhuge Dan and the rebel army had disbanded. He fled to Eastern Wu. When the Wu forces led by Sun Jun arrived at Dongxing (present-day Dongxing, Guangxi), they heard that Shouchun had been overtaken by Zhuge Dan so they retreated as well. Zhuge Dan sent Jiang Ban (蔣班) to pursue and attack the retreating Wu forces. The Wu general Liu Zan was killed in the ensuing battle.
Aftermath
Following the uprising, Sima Shi died of eye complications and passed the political arena authority of Cao Wei to his younger brother, Sima Zhao, since Shi did not have any sons of his own.
Order of Battle
|
Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin forces
Wu forces |
Wei forces |
In Modern References
This stage, along with the other two rebellions, are all featured as playable stages during the Western Jin Story Mode in TecmoKoei Dynasty Warriors 7 of the Dynasty Warriors hack-n-slash series. In the stage the player plays as Sima Shi.