Rufous-bellied heron
| Rufous-bellied Heron | |
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| Species: | A. rufiventris
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| Binomial name | |
| Ardeola rufiventris (Sundevall, 1851)
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The Rufous-bellied Heron (Ardeola rufiventris) is a species of heron in the genus Ardeola, the pond herons, of the family Ardeidae.
Identification
This is a small dark species of heron with a dark grey head, back and breast contrasting with a rufous belly wings and tail. When seen in flight the bright yellow legs and feet contrast with the dark feathers of the inderside of the body. Juveniles are paler and browner, darkening as they mature[1].
Behaviour
This is a skulking species which when hiding assumes a bittern-like posture but with its bill in a horizontal rather than vertical position. It usually prefers to hunt on the landward side of well vegetated wetlands and in the shallow water. It is a largely sedentary species, which may make partial migratory movements to follow rainy season inundations of flood-plains. Breeding occurs during the rainy season, or when flooding is at a peak where this occurd early in the dry season. It nests colonially in mixed colonies, typically in small groups of 6-30 pairs, although at Lake Bangwelu in Zambia, groups of 60-80 pairs have been recorded. Rufous-bellied Herons feed during the daybut will sometimes forage at night, normally they hunt alone or in small flocks of of no more than five individuals, although aggregations of over 120 have been recorded. It prefers to roost in trees[2].
The nest is a small platform of vegetation positioned low in reeds, trees or shrubs that normally poistioned over standing in water. In mixed-species colonies Rufous-bellied Herons normally nest around the edges[3].
Habitat
Seasonally flooded grasslands, marshes, flood-plains and inland deltas (e.g. the Okavango Delta), shallow water along riverbanks and lake shores, stands of papyrus, reedbeds and paddies.
Diet
The diet consists mainly of of small fish such as Tilapia and Barbus, amphibians, crustaceans, aquatic insects and other aquatic invertrebrates
Distribution
It is found in eastern, central and southern sub-Saharan Africa widespread although absent from the arid south-west[4] and is found in Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
References
- ^ Sinclair, I. & Ryan P.(2003), A Comprehensive Illustrated Field Guide Birds of Africa South of the Sahara, Struik, ISBN 1 86872 857 9
- ^ Brown, L.H., Urban, E.K, Newman K. (eds) (1982) The Birds of Africa Volume I,Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-137301-0
- ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/106003736/0
- ^ http://www.kenyabirds.org.uk/heron-rb.htm
- Template:IUCN2008 Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern.