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Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2012)

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Main article: Syrian uprising (2011–present)
For a timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising from 26 January to April 2011, see Timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising (January–April 2011)
For a timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising from May to August 2011, see Timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising (May–August 2011)
For a timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising from September to December 2011, see Timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising (September–December 2011)
For a timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising from January to April 2012, see Timeline of the 2011–2012 Syrian uprising (January–April 2012)
Syrian uprising (2011–present)
Part of the Arab Spring
File:قسم متظاهري إدلب جمعة متظاهري حماة (Idlib protesters).jpg
Date26 January 2011 (2011-01-26) – ongoing
Location
 Syria
Caused byLack of effective constitution, government corruption.[1]
GoalsEnding the state of emergency, regime change, political freedom.[2]
MethodsDemonstrations, army defections, self-immolations, hunger strikes
StatusOngoing

Timeline

May 2012

1 May

The Local Coordination Committees of Syria (LCC) reported 45 civilians were killed by the Syrian Army, including 18 in a reported massacre in the Idlib province.[3][4][5]

Hervé Ladsous, the United Nations (UN) Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations, said that both sides had violated the 12 April ceasefire agreement.[6][7]

2 May

The UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) reported that 15 Syrian troops, including two colonels, were killed in an ambush by rebels in the northern province of Aleppo. Two rebel fighters were also killed.[8][9][10]

The New York-based Human Rights Watch (HRW) reported that government forces had killed at least 95 civilians and demolished hundreds of houses in a two-week offensive in Idlib during ceasefire negotiations. The report documented dozens of extrajudicial executions, killings of civilians, and destruction of civilian property that qualify as war crimes, as well as arbitrary detention and torture by the Syrian government. [9][11][12]

30 civilians were killed by the Syrian army across Syria, the LCC reported.[13]

3 May

25 civilians were reported killed by Syrian security forces, including at least 4 students from Aleppo University.[14][15] Around 1,500 students had been protesting in student dormitories next to Aleppo university's main campus when security forces and Shabiha attacked them, firing tear gas and live ammunition to disperse the student protesters. 200 students were reportedly detained, and the university announced the suspension of all classes as a consequence of the attack on campus.[16][17][18]

The White House Press Secretary Jay Carney said it may be time for the world to acknowledge the cease-fire in Syria is not holding and try a new approach to stopping the violence.[19][20]

4 May - Friday of "our loyalty is our salvation"

Anti-government protesters took to the streets after Friday prayers, with the largest demonstrations occurring in Aleppo, Damascus, the Idlib and Daara provinces, and Homs and Hama. Syrian forces killed at least 12 people when they fired on demonstrators in Damascus and Aleppo.[21][22] The LCC reported that 37 civilians were killed across Syria by the Syrian army.[23]

Amnesty International senior crisis adviser Donatella Rovera, returning from a visit to Idlib, reported that Syrian forces were executing scores of suspected opposition sympathisers in Idlib.[24][25]

Kofi Annan's spokesman Ahmad Fawzi told reporters in Geneva that the "peace plan is on track." [20][26] US officials say the plan is failing mainly because of Syrian government violations.[27]

5 May

SOHR reported that at least 5 people were killed in a bomb explosion at a car wash in the Al Sukari neighborhood of Aleppo. A member of the Free Syrian Army claimed responsibility for the attack, saying the car wash was used by members of a pro-Assad militia.[28][29]

Reuters reported that the Syrian army had not withdrawn tanks in Douma in line with the 12 April truce agreement.[30]

25 civilians were killed by the Syrian army across Syria, the LCC reported.[31]

6 May

The Kuwait News Agency (KUNA) reported that 9 civilians, including a woman and child, were killed by Syrian government forces. In other incidents nationwide there were dozens of casualties as government forces shot randomly at protesters. The Local Coordination Committees of Syria (LCC) reported that 20 people were killed by the Syrian army including 8 bodies found in a mass grave in Idlib and a defected soldier.[32][33]

7 May

The LCC reported 35 civilians killed by the Syrian army, this total including the discovery of a mass grave in Idlib.[34]

8 May

The LCC reported 36 civilians killed by the Syrian army.[35][36]

9 May

The LCC reported 20 civilians killed by the Syrian army. Several Syrian soldiers were killed by an ambush from the FSA as well.[37][38]

10 May

At least 55 people were killed and some 372 people injured by two powerful car bomb blasts in Damascus.[39] Opposition groups denied responsibility while Haitham Maleh, a leading opposition figure, blamed the regime. Media attention focused on the Al-Nusra Front, a little known jihadi-type group that had previously claimed responsibility for bombings in Damascus and Aleppo.[40] Earlier in the week Maj. Gen. Robert Mood, head of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), had expressed worries that Syria was rushing into an uncontollable spiral of sectarian violence and following the latest bombings urged the perpetrators to refrain from violence and let the peace process move forward.[41][42]

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) condemned the attacks and urged all sides to "immediately and comprehensively" implement the six-point peace plan of UN-Arab League envoy Kofi Annan.[43][44] The Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov called the bombings the work of "outsiders", alleging that unspecified foreign states shared the blame.[45][46][47] The LCC responded by asserting that the Syrian government had orchestrated and masterminded the bombings to bolster the Russian position.[48] The United States Ambassador to the United Nations Susan Rice said that it was too early to call the peace plan a failure. She confirmed that the US was providing logistical and communication support to the Syrian opposition, but had shied away from providing arms.[49]

Elsewhere, the LCC reported that 37 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 10 in Homs.[50]

11 May - Friday of "Victory from God and Soon Relief"

Anti-government protesters took to the streets after Friday prayers, with the largest demonstrations occurring in Aleppo, Damascus, the Idlib and Daara provinces, and Homs and Hama. Syrian forces killed at least 14 people by mid day when they fired on demonstrators in Damascus and Aleppo.[51][52][53][54]

The Al-Nusra Front allegedly claimed responsibility for Thursday's twin bombings in Damascus in a video posted online.[55][56]

The Al-Nusra Front however denied responsibility, saying the video was a fake and that any information regarding their operations would be announced through Jihadi forums. Al Nusra denied responsibility for the attack.[57]

Two Turkish journalists arrested in March were released following Iranian mediation.[58]

12 May

The LCC reported 20 civilians killed by the Syrian army by mid-day.[59]

13 May

The LCC reported 30 civilians killed by the Syrian army.[60][61]

14 May

The LCC reported that at least 22 civilians were killed by the Syrian army.[62]

23 soldiers were killed by the FSA when the Syrian army attempted to assault Rastan, Homs Province. The Syrian army also began heavy artillery shelling of Rastan.[63]

15 May

At least 21 people were killed when Syrian security forces opened fire on a funeral procession in the central town of Khan Sheikhoun, during the U.N observer visit to the town. A spokesman of the rebel military council gave a higher death toll, saying at least 50 people were killed. During this attack, cars belonging to the U.N team were hit and damaged and no monitors were injured. One monitor and a member of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) said the team of seven observers was with FSA fighters, waiting for a U.N pickup.[64]

The LCC reported that at least 63 civilians were killed by the Syrian army including 33 in Idlib.[65]

16 May

At least 40 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 21 summarily executed in the Shammas neighborhood of Homs.[66]

A former state Television producer has told Reuters that many of the "confessions" by alleged terrorists aired by the channel are bogus. She was distressed at what she described as a campaign of misinformation and said "Some of the men are just normal people who were arrested in anti-government demonstrations and others were thieves and criminals who were nearing the end of their sentence," said the producer, "They were told they will be set free if they confess to the made-up crimes."[67]

17 May

34 civilians were killed by the Syrian army.[68] The Syrian army barraged Rastan with artillery fire.[69]

18 May - "Friday of the Heroes of Aleppo University"

Protesters took to the streets for weekly Friday protests, this time with the biggest protests at any single time in Aleppo. The Salahadin and Shukour neighborhoods saw tens of thousands, and tens of thousands more protested in the other area of Aleppo. Damascus and its suburbs, the Idlib and Daraa provinces, the Homs and Hama provinces, and Latakia and Deir Ezzor also saw large protests. Protesters were shot and killed across the country, including in the Tandamoun area of central Damascus.[70] At least 33 civilians were killed by security forces by mid-day.[71]

19 May

A car bomb at an intelligence complex in the city of Deir al-Zour killed 9 members of the security forces and left 100 injured.[72][73]

The LCC reported 26 civilians killed by the Syrian army.[74]

20 May

During the very early morning the Free Syrian Army (FSA) launched widespread attacks against the Syrian government in Central Damascus. The Kafer Souseh, Mezzeh, Malki, and Ruk al Adn neighborhoods erupted with intense gunfire. Security forces began closing off Ummayid square and absereen square, and blocked of Central Damascus's Al Shami hospital. The Free Syrian Army's Damascus council announced that one of their operatives from the FSA's Al Sahabeh battalion had successfully poisoned all eight members of Bashar Assad's Crisis Cell, a group of top military officials who currently run the Syrian army's daily operations. Members of the Crisis cell include the interior and defense ministers, as well as Assef Shawkat. The Free Syrian Army's Damascus council said they believed at least six out of the eight to have been killed. Mohammed Shaar, the interior minister, apparently denied the assassinations by telephone, calling it "categorically baseless". He also denied the gunfire in Damascus which was confirmed by all witnesses.[75][76][77]

Adib Habb al-Rumman, the head of Idlib's Jish Shugour's Baath party branch, was assassinated by the FSA, the SOHR reported. The SOHR also made note of increased political and military assassinations by the FSA in recent weeks.[78]

At least 28 civilians were killed by mid-day in Syria, primarily in the Hama province. Soran, Hama, and Douma, Damascus, came under intense artillery shelling by the Syrian army. By the end of the day more than 60 civilians were killed nation-wide.[79]

21 May

5 civilians, 11 rebels, and 22 soldiers were killed by mid-day. Much of the soldier deaths occurred when the Syrian army attempted to storm Atrarib, Aleppo.[80] The LCC reported 33 civilians killed by the Syrian army by the end of day.[68] According to S.O.H.R, 31 soldiers were killed by the end of the day.[81]

22 May

An IED exploded in the Damascus neighborhood of Qaboun, killing at least five people.[82]

The LCC reported that at least 25 civilians killed by the Syrian army.[83]

23 May

23 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 6 in Homs.[84]

24 May

40 civilians were killed by the Syrian army.[85] 203 soldiers reportedly defected to the opposition, including 3 officers. An FSA officer said that the FSA was now present in all governorates and regions of Syria.[86] A Brigadier General in the Syrian army who had defected to the FSA gave a speech in which he said that a safe zone or international intervention like air strikes was needed to stop what he called the genocide the Syrian army was committing in Syria.[87]

25 May - "Friday of Rendezvous in Damascus"

Main article: Houla massacre

Protesters took to the streets for weekly Friday protests, amassing in Aleppo, Damascus and its suburbs, Homs, Hama, Qamishli, and the Daraa, Idlib, and Deir Ezzor provinces. Tens of thousands protested in central Aleppo, to which security forces responded with live fire, killing several.[88]

Maj. Gen. Robert Mood, head of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), confirmed opposition group claims that at least 90 civilians were killed, including 32 children in Houla, Homs province.[89] General Mood declared the killings "indiscriminate and unforgiveable" without explaining how they happened, but said the violence had begun Friday evening with the use of "tanks, artillery, rocket-propelled grenades, and heavy machine guns", implying an attack by government forces since the FSA do not possess heavy weaponry.[90] The official news agency of the Syrian government alleged that "Al-Qaeda terrorist groups" were responsible for the killings, while opposition groups alleged that the Syrian military and government-linked militias known as Shabiha were the perpetrators.[91][92] The Syrian National Council (SNC), Syria's main opposition bloc, put the death toll at more than 110 people, half of them children.[93] State media claimed 17 had been killed.[91] A further 43 people were killed by the Syrian Army according to the LCC.[94]

On the same day, United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon blamed the Syrian government for the "unacceptable levels of violence and abuses" occurring every day in Syria. Ban cited the government's continued use of heavy weapons, reports of shelling and "a stepped-up security crackdown by the authorities that has led to massive violations of human rights by government forces and pro-government militias". He said there was only "small progress" in implementing the UN peace plan.[95]

26 May

The UK Foreign Secretary William Hague called for an urgent session of the UNSC following Friday's "appalling crime" at Houla. He urged the regime to grant full and immediate access to Houla for UN monitors and stop all military options, as demanded by special envoy Kofi Annan.[96][97][98] However General Mustafa Ahmed al-Sheikh, head of the Turkey-based Free Syria Army (FSA) military council, said regime opponents had lost all faith in the UN Security Council, on which Damascus has Russia as a powerful backer (see also Russia–Syria relations).[98]

65 civilians were killed by Assad's army across the country, including 25 in Homs.[99]

27 May

The Syrian army engaged in heavy artillery shelling in Hama and the Damascus suburbs, killing at least 30 according to LCC .[100]

51 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day.[101]

28 May

The Syrian army killed 28 people by the late afternoon, including 9 in Hama.[102] At the same time, the conflict has started moving into the two largest cities (Damascus and Aleppo) that the government claimed was being dominated by the silent majority, which wanted stability, not government change. In both places there has been a revival of the protest movement in its peaceful dimension. Shopkeepers across the capital staged a general strike and in several Aleppo commercial districts mounted a similar but smaller protest. This has been interpreted by some as indicating that the historical alliance between the government and the business establishment in the large cities has become weak.[103]

29 May

Another mass execution was discovered near the eastern city of Deir ez-Zor. The unidentified corpses of 13 men had been discovered shot to death execution-style.[104] This incident raised awareness that the violence in Syria was heading towards an inexorable vicious cycle of tit-for-tat attacks between the different parties involved.[105] According to the opposition, the 13 people who were shot at point blank range and later found in a field were employees at the electricity company in Deir Ezzor, who went on strike in protest of the massacres committed by the Syrian regime. They all had their hands tied behind their backs and were shot in the head according to a UN report. The head of a UN observer mission in Syria was “deeply disturbed” by the killings in Deir Ezzor, calling it an “appalling and inexcusable act.”[106] Several days later, the dead were identified to be military and the opposition than claimed they were army defectors killed by government forces. However, on 5 June, the jihadist group the Al-Nusra Front to Protect the Levant claimed responsibility for the killings, stating that they had captured and interrogated the soldiers in Deir al-Zor and "justly" punished them with death, after they confessed to crimes.[107]

30 May

Early in the day 46 civilians were killed by Assad's forces, including 10 in Douma, Damascus.[108]

The Free Syrian Army announced that they were giving president Bashar al-Assad a 48-hour deadline to abide by an international peace plan to end violence. "It ends on Friday at 1200 (0900 GMT) then we are free from any commitment and we will defend and protect the militants, their villages and their cities.", the FSA spokesperson is quoted saying.[109]

Syria’s Consul General Hazem Chehabi of the Syrian American Council defected in California. He said that the Houla Massacre had been a tipping point and he could no longer support the "barbaric Syrian regime".[110]

Meanwhile, Syrian Army forces attacked Tadlu, Houla, the site of the Houla massacre days before.

Machinegun fire was followed by shelling, forcing villagers to flee heavy shelling in fear of more carnage.[111]

31 May

61 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 29 in Homs.[112]

An army sniper killed a boy in Taldou, Houla, where the Houla massacre took place. "Frightened residents of the area fled" for nearby towns, according to SOHR.[113]

June 2012

The first weekend of June witnessed the death of 80 security personnel throughout Syria.[114]

1 June - Friday of "Martyrs of Houla"

Protesters took to the streets for weekly Friday protests with the largest protests occurring in Aleppo, Damascus, Hama, Homs, idlib, Daraa, and the Deir Ezzor province.[115] 43 were killed by the Syrian army, including 13 in the Damascus suburbs.[116]

13 people were killed in another mass execution by the Syrian army in Qusayr. The opposition reported 13 men were on their way to work at a state-owned fertilizer factory in Qusayr near the city of Homs when they came under fire.[117]

SOHR reports that 17 law enforcers were killed across the country in an explosion in Idlib, and clashes elsewhere.[full citation needed][118]

Additionally, SANA reports that 22 security forces were 'laid to rest' (including: Retired Captain Taghreed Shahi Hamdan, First Lieutenant Alaa Fayssal Jamous and Second Lieutenant Issam Nabih Abu Aqel.)[119]

2 June

A total of 96 people were killed on Saturday according to SOHR. SOHR reported that the total number of civilian casualties for the day was 33.[full citation needed][120] 2 army defectors were killed in Rastan and Homs. [full citation needed][120] A total of 61 soldiers killed throughout the day in, predominantly, explosions; ambushes and clashes. Al Jazeera reported that Saturday was the worst day for Syrian security forces since the start of the uprising[121]

29 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 12 in Homs.[122]

3 June

By evening at least 42 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, primarily in Idlib and Homs.[123]

At least 80 Syrian soldiers were killed by the FSA over the weekend, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said, citing local doctors, who confirmed this and their names.[124] This was while the opposition Free Syrian army said that they had killed more than 100 soldiers and destroyed some tanks over the weekend.[125]

4 June

42 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 16 in the Idlib province.[126]

5 June

51 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by evening, including 12 in Haffeh, Latakia.[127]

6 June

Main article: Al-Qubair massacre

78 civilians were executed in a massacre by the Syrian army and Shabiha in the small villages of Qubair and Maarzaf, Hama province, with 47 bodies identified so far. Over 140 civilians were killed across Syria, including in the Qubair and Maarzaf massacres.[128][129] The village of Qubair is located directly east of Asilah and Abu Rubays.

One Lebanese man was killed and two-three were wounded in a gunfight with Syrian security forces while they were trying to infiltrate Syria across the border from Lebanon at the town of Arsal. The soldiers were apparently waiting for the infiltrators to ambush them. The wounded were reportedly missing after the incident.[130]

7 June

Observers attempting to reach the site of the massacre in Qubair were shot at by government soldiers, and forced to turn back.[131][dead link‍]

31 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, as reported by SOHR. 24 Syrian soldiers were killed by the FSA including an assassination on a Major General (which also killed a military judge) in Dera'a.[118][132]

8 June - Friday of "Revolutionaries and Traders Hand in Hand"

Fierce fighting between the FSA and Assad loyalists erupted in central Damascus, as protesters took to the streets for weekly Friday protests. The largest protests occurred in Damascus, Aleppo, Hama, the Idlib, Homs, Daraa, and Deir Ezzor provinces. At least 20 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the evening. The Syrian army continued heavy shelling on central Homs.[133][134]

By the end of the day 65 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 17 in the Idlib province.[135]

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told the UN security council that heavy weapons, armor-piercing bullets and surveillance drones have been used against UN observers in Syria to hamper their efforts to monitor the conflict, and that these tactics had been used to try to force the unarmed monitors to withdraw from areas where government forces have been accused of staging attacks. montiors also saw Syrian military convoys and tried to stop tank assaults against populated areas, but had been "ignored".[136]

British journalist Alex Thompson claims to have been set up in a death trap by members of the FSA who tried to have him killed by members of the Syrian Army for propaganda purposes.[137]

A video was leaked online, which puported to show soldiers mocking the dead in a town in Idlib. They were shown to be piling corpses in a building, and blowing it up afterwards.[138]

9 June

Activists said Syrian troops killed at least 17 people in the southern city of Daraa, including women and children.[139] The Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights and the Local Coordination Committees told that dozens of people were also wounded in the shelling early on 9 June.[140][141]

According to SANA, more than 150 soldiers, police officer and other law enforcement members killed by rebels were buried during the week.[citation needed]

By the end of the day the LCC reported 96 civilians killed by the Syrian army, primarily in Daraa and Homs.[142] The SOHR reports that 84 were killed; 70 civilians were killed across the country including 29 in Homs. Bombardment took place in Homs, Dera'a, Latakia and Idlib provinces. 13 rebel fighters died across the country, including 10 in clashes in Homs province. A total of 28 Syrian soldiers were killed following clashes across the country.[143]

10 June

By the end of the day LCC reports that 53 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 26 from shelling in Homs.[144] SOHR reported that a total of 41 civilians were killed across the country.[145] At least 16 soldiers were killed across the country.[145]

Dozens of Kuwaitis were reported to have joined the FSA according to the Al-Qabas newspaper[146]

The FSA reported that they briefly took the al-Ghanto air-defense base north of Homs that held advanced surface-to-air missiles and anitaircraft vehicles. FSA commanders described in a series of online videos the organized defection of soldiers and officers from the base and the subsequent government attack that followed. The FSA claimed that they seized a number of weapons and ammunition, and that a large part of the base and its arsenal of weapons were destroyed in bombing by government helicopters that were used to retake the air-defense base.[147]

11 June

United Nations monitors confirmed that Syrian army helicopters fired on towns near Homs, including Rastan. For the first time, the UN also verified repeated allegations by activists that government forces fired from helicopters in the military crackdown on dissent. Kofi Annan said he was "gravely concerned" at this news and a UN spokeswoman said that "artillery and mortar shelling, machine guns and smaller arms" were being used against the towns of Rastan and Talbiseh.[148]

The US said that it feared the Syrian government was planning a "new massacre" in al-Heffa, where a battle had been taking place that had killed 68 soldiers, 29 civilians and 23 rebel fighters. The city endured heavy shelling from the army. The FSA said that they moved civilians away from the city centre to protect them, but even the outskirts were shelled eventually.[149]

109 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the evening, including 36 in Idlib, of which a dozen were summarily executed.[150]

SOHR reports the total death toll of civilians as 80 (excluding 2 rebels included in the count by SOHR), including 25 in Idlib province and 9 civilians slain in a car bomb in Dera'a province. At least 7 rebel fighters with killed, including 2 during clashes in Homs. In addition, 23 soldiers and a Ba'ath Party official were slain across the country.[151]

12 June

Herve Ladsous, the head of the UN's Department of Peacekeeping Operations, stated that the uprising has amounted for a full-scale civil war.[152]

LCC reports that 60 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by evening, including 23 in Homs and 16 in Deir Ezzor from heavy artillery shelling.[153]

17 soldiers were killed in clashes throughout the country and when a military bus was targeted in Rif Dimashq.[154]

Dr. Marwan Arafat, the previous president of the Syrian Football Federation, was assassinated.[155]

13 June

Riad al-As'ad from the Free Syrian Army announced that the FSA had made a tactical withdrawal from Al Heffeh Latakia.[156]

LCC reports that 77 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 23 in Homs, 12 in Hama and 10 in Deir Ezzor from heavy artillery shelling.[157]

SOHR said at least 51 civilians were slain by evening, including 20 in Homs, largely due to regime bombardment. 6 civilians were killed in each of: Idlib, Dera'a and Hama provinces. In addition, at least 9 rebel fighters were killed including a rebel leader in Deir Ezzor.[158][page needed]

At least 21 soldiers were killed across the country.[159][page needed]

14 June

LCC reported that 60 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the evening, including 19 in Homs and 19 in a massacre perpetrated by Shabiha in the Damascus suburb of Hamourieh.[160]

SOHR reported that 51 civilians were slain including 21 in Rif Dimashq and 15 in Homs. In addition, at least 11 rebels were killed including 6 in the town of Heit, Dera'a. An officer was killed in Homs province. 24 soldiers were killed including at least 11 killed in clashes in eastern Ghouta.[161]

UN monitors were met with the 'stench of death' as they entered the deserted town of al-Heffa after having been shelled for 8 consecutive days.[162]

A bomb blew up a vehicle near the shrine of Zaynab bint Ali, the granddaughter of the Prophet Muhammed; damaging the shrine and wounding 10 people.[163]

15 June - Friday of "Readiness of the Free Syrian Army"

LCC reports that at least 48 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by evening as protesters took to the streets, with protesting occurring primarily in Damascus and its suburbs, Aleppo, and the Idlib, Daara, Hama, Homs, and Deir Ezzor provinces.[164][165]

SOHR reports the deaths of 30 civilians; including a civilian journalist in Homs province. 2 defected soldiers were killed in Homs. 8 soldiers were also killed.[166]

16 June

LCC reports that 77 civilians were killed by the Syrian army evening, primarily in Damascus and Homs.[167]

SOHR reports that 59 civilians were slain across the country; 34 in Damascus province, 15 in Homs province. 2 rebels died in Dera'a, including a defected lieutenant.[168]

16 soldiers of the Syrian government were killed throughout the day.[169]

Meanwhile the Free Syrian Army announced that it regained control over al-Bayada.[170]

The UN announced that they are suspending activities in Syria due to the increase in violence.[171]

17 June

LCC reported that 60 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by evening, including 17 in the Damascus suburbs and 15 in Homs. Rastan, Talbiseh and central Homs came under renewed massive artillery shelling.[172]

SOHR reported the deaths of 43 civilians; including 13 in Reef Damashq and 13 in Homs due to regime bombardment. At least 2 fighters were slain in clashes in Homs province.[173]

26 law-enforcers were killed; including a lieutenant assassinated in Damascus.[174]

18 June

LCC reported that by night at least 90 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, primarily in Homs and Damascus.[175]

SOHR reported the deaths of 56 unarmed civilians; including 19 in Reef Damascus and 7 in Dera'a Province. At least 13 rebels were slain across the country; 2 rebel commanders in Deir Ezzor and 2 defected first sergeants in Homs and Reef Damascus.[176]

28 soldiers were killed; primarily in overnight clashes.[177]

It was reported that two Russian warships are headed to Syria, according to a Russian officer, each capable of carrying 300 marines and a dozen tanks, making it the largest deployment from Russia to Syria to date. Russia also has an unspecified number of military advisers teaching Syrians how to use Russian weapons.[178]

The United Kingdom said it had withdrawn insurance for a Russian ship that was reportedly carring attak helicopters destined for the Syrian Government. UK Foreign Secretary William Hague said the ship was returning to Russia and said that "We discourage anyone else from supplying arms to Syria."[179]

19 June

LCC reported 52 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 10 in Homs.[180]

SOHR reported the deaths of 46 opposition members; at least 6 were rebel fighters, the rest were civilians. 14 were killed in Homs and 16 in Damascus Province[181].

At least 27 soldiers were killed across the country.[182].

The FSA called on their “Kurdish brothers” to join rebels fighting President Bashar al-Assad’s regime, while promising an end to injustices against Kurds in a future democratic Syria. The spokesperson for the joint command of the FSA said; "“The Joint Command of the Free Syrian Army ... appeals to our Kurdish brothers, soldiers and civilians, and invites them to join the ranks of the FSA inside the country, let us work together to transform the FSA into an alternative national military institution to the army of the ruling gang.” The statement also emphazied that kurds are and have always been "partners" working “hand-in-hand to build the country’s future and end discrimination for all Syrians, whatever their ethnic or religious background.” The head of the Syrian National council is a Kurdish activist.[183]

Clashes erupted at the Kurdish Mountain area in Latakia Governorate. A series of confrontations between the Syrian Army and the rebel Free Syrian Army (FSA) resulted in multiple casualties. A rebel leader claimed that clashes resulted in 5 rebels killed, while 28 Syrian soldiers were killed, dozens wounded and several captured by the next day.[184]

20 June

LCC reported that 66 civilians were killed throughout Syria by the Syrian army, including 17 in the Damascus suburbs.[185]

SOHR reported the deaths of 46 civilians; including 16 in Hama and 10 in Damascus Province. In addition, Sayyed Abdul Quddous Jebara (a Shia cleric) was assassinated in Damascus Province. 8 rebels were slain; including 5 killed in Latakia and a defected lieutenant in Madaya.[186][187]

35 law-enforcers were killed across the country, in addition to an officer assassinated in Damascus.[188]

21 June

A Syrian MiG-21 pilot defected to Jordan with his plane, the country later granted colonel Hassan Hamada political asylum.[189]

SOHR reported the deaths of at least 121 people were killed including 107 civilians, with 32 killed in Homs and 30 in Damascus Province, one of the highest death tolls in the entire uprising. In addition, at least 10 rebels were slain; including 5 in Dera'a and a defected officer in Idlib.[190]

54 law-enforcers were killed, primarily in clashes.[191]

The LCC reported that over 128 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, primarily in the Damascus suburbs, Hama, and Daara.[192]

22 June - Friday of "The governments let us down, but where are the people?"

Protests were widespread after Friday prayers, occurring primarily in Central Aleppo and Damascus and its suburbs, as well as the Homs, Hama, Idlib, Daara, and Deir Ezzor governates. 87 people were killed by security forces and the Syrian army by the evening, primarily in the Damascus suburbs and including at least 15 in Aleppo city.[193][194]

Syrian army shot down a Turkish F-4 Phantom fighter jet near the Turkish/Syrian border.[195]

SOHR reported the deaths of 59 civilians; including 11 in a demonstration in Aleppo. Between 6-10 rebels were slain; including 2 in Homs and a defected captain.[196]

A total of 41 soldiers were killed; including 26 Shabiha killed in West Aleppo Province.[197]

The largest single officer defection took place; 5 officers, from Idlib province, announced their defection; 2 brigadier generals, 2 colonels and a fighter pilot defected.[198]

23 June

LCC reported the deaths of 131 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, including 31 in Deir Ezzor, 26 in the Damascus suburbs, and 24 in Idlib.[199]

SOHR reported the deaths of 76 civilians; 22 in Deir Ezzor and 15 in Homs. At least 9 rebels were killed including a defected corporal was also killed in Latakia.[200]

28 soldiers were killed by the end of the day, according to SOHR.[201]

10 soldiers were executed for attempting to defect from the army.[202]

Three more fighter pilots from the Syrian Army defected, crossing the border to Jordan.[203]

24 June

LCC reported that at least 82 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 23 in Deir Ezzor and 14 in Hama.[204]

55 civilians were killed, according to SOHR; including 19 in Deir Izzor; primarily due to bombardment on the city. At least 13 rebels were slain; including a defected sergeant and a defected first lieutenant in Deir Izzor.[205]

28 law-enforcers were slain; 27 during clashes and 1 in an IED attack.[206]

25 June

7 doctors in Aleppo were arrested, tortured, and burned alive by Syrian intelligence officers.[207]

40 soldiers, including a general and two colonels, defected from the Syrian army and crossed the border to Turkey with their families.[208] This was while a General of the FSA said that government forces are preparing to carry out a new massacre in Homs.[209]

Turkey accused Syria of firing at a second Turkish military jet aircraft, days after Syria shot down a Turkish F-4 jet.[210]

SOHR reported the deaths of 61 civilians; 15 in Deir Ezzor, 17 in Dera'a. Regime forces bombarded a refugee camp and massacred a family of 4 in Dera'a. At least 5 rebels were slain.[211]

31 soldiers were killed; including in IED attacks in Idlib and Dera'a.[212]

LCC reported that by the end of the day 80 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 20 in a massacre in Daara, and 17 from artillery shelling in Deir Ezzor.[213]. Also, 7 doctors in Aleppo were arrested, tortured, and burned alive by Syrian intelligence officers.[214]

26 June

LCC reported that 113 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by evening, including 33 in Quddasaya and al Hami Damascus, and 16 in Daara.[215]

SOHR reported that 83 civilians were killed; including 28 in Damascus Suburbs and 19 in Idlib Province.[216] At least 7 rebels died in fighting around the country; including a defected captain killed in Hama Province. [217]

46 soldiers were killed across the country; mostly in clashes with rebels.[218]

280 soldiers and officers defected in Idlib near the main highway leading to Aleppo whilst clashes between the defectors and the Syrian army resulted in one helicopter shot down and six tanks destroyed.[219]

Burhan Ghalioun was reported to have been smuggled into Syria to meet with rebel forces in order to raise morale.[220]

27 June

LCC reported that 104 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, including 42 in Idlib and 15 in the Damascus suburbs.[221]

SOHR reported a death toll of 73 civilians by evening; 29 in Idlib and 14 in Deir Ezzor. At least 15 rebels were slain; 5 in Dera'a and 9 in Idlib (including a commander). A citizen from Dera'a was excessively tortured, by regime forces, until death.[222]

At least 57 soldiers were killed; including many in an attack on heavy military vehicles in Idlib.[223]

7 people were killed during an attack on, the pro-Assad, al-Ikhbariya TV station offices; near Damascus. Others were kidnapped.[224]

28 June

Two car bombs were detonated in Damascus, one in the car park of the Palace of Justice and the other targeting a police station. 3 people were injured and several vehicles damaged.[225][226]

LCC reported that by the end of the day over 139 civilians were killed, suspected perpetrator was the Syrian army, including over 40 from the artillery shelling and summarily executions in Douma.[227]

SOHR reported the deaths of 103 civilians; including 41 in Damascus Suburbs (35 in Douma due to bombardment) & 17 in Homs. Ahlam Khalid Imad, a lecturer at the Baath university, was killed (along with her family) in Al-Husun, Homs. A sheikh, Mohammed Nour Zanzoul, was killed by security forces in Hama. At least 14 rebels were slain; 8 in Homs. A defected captian was killed in Idlib.[228]


58 law-enforcers were killed; including a lieutenant colonel, a lieutenant & 2 officers.[229]

29 June - Friday of "Trust in God's Victory"

The Free Syrian army captured a major general, Farag Shehada, head of central command in the Syrian military. This is thought to be the highest-ranking offical to be captured. Another brigadier general in the intelligence department was captured.[230]

"Massive" protests erupted across the central neighborhoods and suburban neighborhoods of Damascus, Aleppo city, Hama, and the Homs, Daara, and Idlib provinces.[231]

By the end of the day LCC reported 104 civilians killed by security forces and the Syrian army. 9 of which in Souran, Hama were knifed to death in a massacre suspected to be perpetrated by shabiha[232]

SOHR reported the deaths of around 47 civilians; including 10 in Deir Izzor & Damascus Suburbs. At least 9 rebels were slain; including 5 bodies found dead in Kafar Shams, Dera'a.[233]

23 law-enforcers were killed; 5 in an attack on a military truck in Latakia.[234]

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  177. ^ [6]. 18 June 2012. Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
  178. ^ Syria: Moscow sends navy vessels to Syrian port
  179. ^ Ship 'carrying attack helicopters to Syria' halted off Scotland heads for Russia
  180. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9038
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  183. ^ Free Syrian Army calls on Kurdish brothers to join fight as clashes erupt
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  185. ^ [10]. 20 June 2012. LCC. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  186. ^ [11]. 20 June 2012. SHAFAQNA. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  187. ^ [[12]]. 20 June 2012. Al Jazeera. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  188. ^ http://blogs.aljazeera.net/topic/syria/civilians-killed-across-syria-wednesday
  189. ^ Suleiman al-Khalidi (21 June 2012). "Syrian pilot defects, requests asylum in Jordan". Reuters. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  190. ^ [13]. 21 June 2012. Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. Retrieved 23 June 2012.
  191. ^ [14]. 21 June 2012. Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. Retrieved 23 June 2012.
  192. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9057
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  194. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/{{full}
  195. ^ Syria apologizes for taking down Turkish warplane: Turkish PM [full citation needed]
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  200. ^ http://supportkurds.org/news/saturday-23-june-2012/
  201. ^ http://supportkurds.org/news/saturday-23-june-2012/
  202. ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18568206
  203. ^ http://blogs.aljazeera.net/topic/syria/three-syrian-army-pilots-have-defected-and-fled-across-border-jordan-last-night Template:Ful
  204. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9105
  205. ^ http://news.antiwar.com/2012/06/24/london-based-syrian-group-at-least-63-killed-in-syria/
  206. ^ http://supportkurds.org/news/sunday-24-june-2012/
  207. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9109
  208. ^ Senior Syrian Soldiers 'Defect To Turkey'
  209. ^ http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/06/25/222545.html
  210. ^ Turkey accuses Syria of firing at second plane while searching for downed jet
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  212. ^ http://blogs.aljazeera.com/topic/syria/syrian-observatory-human-rights-puts-number-civilian-deaths-monday-65
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  214. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9109
  215. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9140
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  220. ^ http://blogs.aljazeera.com/topic/syria/video-ghalioun-sneaks-syria
  221. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9144
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  226. ^ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2012-06/28/c_131682277.htm
  227. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/
  228. ^ http://supportkurds.org/news/thursday-28-june-2012/
  229. ^ http://supportkurds.org/news/thursday-28-june-2012/
  230. ^ Syrian Free Army say they captured two high ranking officers
  231. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Special:Log/block&page=User%3ASopher99
  232. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9205
  233. ^ http://supportkurds.org/news/friday-29-june-2012/
  234. ^ http://supportkurds.org/news/friday-29-june-2012/
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