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Bhawana

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This article is about the city. For other uses, see Bhawana (disambiguation).
Bhawana
بھوانہ
City
Nickname: 
Bhowana
CountryPakistan
ProvincePunjab
DistrictChiniot district
TehsilBhawana tehsil
Established2 February 2009
Government
 • TypeTehsil
Area
 • City
40 km2 (15.4 sq mi)
 • Urban
10 km2 (3.8 sq mi)
Elevation
157 m (515 ft)
Population
 (2009)(Approximately)
 • City
65,000
 • Density1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi)
 • Urban
40,000
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+6 (PDT)
Postal code
35350
Dialling code047

Bhawana (also spelled as Bhowana) (Template:Lang-ur, Template:Lang-pa) is the capital of Bhawana tehsil and a city of Punjab, Pakistan. It is located on the bank of the Chenab river. Bhawana was announced as a tehsil, or sub-division and Chiniot also got the level of district when Mian Shahbaz Sharif (CM of Punjab) came to Chiniot on February 2, 2009.[1] Before that, Bhawana was a sub-tehsil of Chiniot tehsil and Chiniot tehsil was a part of the Jhang district.

Name and etymology

Bhawana is also spelled as "Bhowana", being written in Urdu and Punjabi language as "بهوانه". Its name's suffix, "ana", refers to the "Sial". "Ana" is a suffix that appears in the name of every sub-tribe or sept of the main Sial-Rajputs, such as Jabuana, Rahmuana and Chuchkana. Bhawana (tribe) is also with the same name of a prominent sub-tribe, or group, of Sial families. In fact, many Sial families still reside in this area.

History

Bhawana is one of the ancient cities of Pakistan. The Mughal Emperor Zahir-ud-din Babur also mentions the area in his book the Tuzk-e-Babari for its fine architecture and excellently handicrafted jharoka windows to many of the old havelis (manors) and other buildings of the old/medieval town.

Demographics

Language

Mostly speaking language is Punjabi as a mother language, which is sometimes mixed up with the Saraiki language and known as Jhangvi dialect. Urdu language is also being spoken in Bhawana as it is a national language of Pakistan. Allah Ditta Looney Wala and Talib Hussain Dard are the famous Punjabi and Saraiki languages folk singers, are the residents of this area.

Tribes

Peoples are always been in groups and tribes to be known easily. Major tribes are Aarbi, Ansari, Arain, Awan, Baloch, Bata, Bharwana, Bhatti, Bhawana, Bhutta, Chadhar, Channer, Chuchkana, Gujjar, Deoka, Jappa, Kalyar, Kanju, Lalera, Lohar, Malik, Mumbarr(tribe)[Blouch], Mughal, Nalere, Naul, Noon, Rajoka, Rajput, Rana, Sayyed, Sipra, Shaikh, Sial, Tarkhan, Thaheem, Chajjow, Wara, Hanjra and harral.

Geography and climate

Bhawana is located by the side of Jhang Chiniot road and on the left bank of the Chenab river.[2] It is located at the coordinates 31°33'58 in North and 72°38'46 in East with an altitude of 157 m (515 ft).[3] Its soil is very fertile and is among the largest agricultural areas, and the city itself also depends considerably on agriculture to bolster its economy. It is situated 37 km from Chiniot, 50 km from Faisalabad, 48 km from Jhang and 70 km from Sargodha. Its weather is much like the rest of Pakistan's, with summer, spring, winter and autumn seasons.[4] Its temperatures are usually moderate.[5]

Religion

The main religion of Bhawana is Islam. A few Christians also reside here.

There is an old Hindu temple at Mauza Sulemaan located at 14 km from Bhawana. It was established in the Mughal era by Hindus before the establishment of Pakistan but after 1947 the Hindus migrated to India and this temple is no longer in use.

Ahmadis also live in an area of Chiniot District at a place named Chenab Nagar (or Rabwah), 10 km from Chiniot and 46 km from Bhawana.

The Muslims here are also differentiated into many groups, like Sunni, Shia, Wahabi, Deobandi, etc. The majority in Bhawana are Sunni Muslims. Muslims pray in masajids, which are briefly described below. There are some madrassas, or religious seminaries in Bhawana, in which free education is given to boys and girls. They study both religious and non-religious subjects there, although there is comparatively more stress on the religious aspects of the curriculum.

Masajids

The main Jamia Masajids are:

1. Masjid al-Hussain

Masjid al-Hussain is the oldest masjid of Bhawana. It is located at Old Lari Ada (Lorries Depot) of Bhawana. It is a Hanafi group masjid. It was established in the era of the British Empire by Peer Manzar Hussain Shah, who is buried in the Colony of Bhawana. Now there is a madrasah named Madrasah Jamia Hanafia Ghousia attached to it for children's education.

2. Masjid al-Faizan-e-Madina

Masjid al-Faizan-e-Madina is also a masjid of the Hanafi group located near the main bazaar of Bhawana. It is also a markaz of Faizan-e-Madina (Madni Channel).

3. Masjid al-Ali Murtaza

Masjid al-Ali Murtaza is located at Solang Stop locality on the Jhang- Chiniot road. This is also a Masjid of the Hanafi group and a Jamia/Central Masjid of Bhawana.

4. Masjid al-Noor

Also Hanafi group Masjid and located at the New Lari Adda of Bhawana.

5. Masjid al-Bilal

It is situated near Ch Muhammad Siddique Gujjar house of Bhawana City. It is the Masjid of group Deobandi.It is the markaz of group Deobandi in Bhawana.

6. Masjid al-Shah Jamat

It is located in Thatta Mussa an area of Bhawana. Its name is after name of Peer Hazrat Shah Jamat. It is the Masjid of Hanafi group.

7. Masjid al-Madni

It is located on Jhang-Chiniot road

8. Masjid-E-Khadija-Tul-Kubra

It is located in Mohalla Sadat (an urban area of Bhawana) in front of Imam Bargah Mehfil-E-Shah-Khuransan. It is a Jamia Masjid of Shia Muslims.

9. Other Masjids

Some other Masjids are:

  • Masjid al-Hassan

Economy

Bhawana is not an good industrial area but it is represented as an industrial area for being closed to Faislabad. As 50% above population is village population and therefore agriculture is the main source of income of people here. The main landlords of Bhawana also have the same profession, they own lands in outside of city and cultivate it all the year. Some of them give their lands on rent to other farmers. Most cultivated crops such as wheat, rice, cotton and the sugarcane has a great importance for the people of Bhawana. Wheat is mostly growable crop which is being harvested in May and June. Some also cultivate the cotton and vegetables, which are being sent to the nearest vegetables market (commonly known as "Sabzi Mandi") to sell them.

Sugarcane has a separate importance in economy of this area, it is also one of the most cultivated crops. After its growth it is been harvested and send to the sugar mills to produce refine crystal sugar. Ramzan Sugar Mills is one of the largest sugar mills in Asia has a great rate of producing sugar every year, is playing a role in economy of Bhawana. Shakarganj Mills, Jhang and Madina Sugar Mills, Chiniot are also being used for this purpose. But other used it in the production of Jaggery (commonly known in the area as "Gur"). A single cotton factory is located between the city helping people and growing economy. On the other hand people used transportation vehicles to transport that goods and some transporting vehicles manufacturers have also an importance in the growth of economy. The major transporting vehicles manufacturers include Shaukat Agricultural Industry, Ammer-e-Millat Trolley Maker, Bashir Trolley Maker and many others.

Banks have a great role in the economy of any area, Bhawana has almost all main bank branches like MCB Bank Limited, United Bank Limited, National Bank of Pakistan and Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited.

Education

Literacy of Bhawana is about 50%-60% and increasing day-by-day as it is most important thing in new era.

Institutions

All educational institutions (colleges and schools) in Bhawana are almost English medium and affiliated with the BISE FSD. Some of them are independent and some are working under the government bodies like Punjab Education Foundation (PEF).

  • Al-Mustafa Model High School
  • Ghazali Inter College
  • Govt. Higher Secondary School for Girls
  • Iqra Grammar Model School
  • Missali Public School
  • Paradise Education System
  • The Rising Star Education Complex

Religious education is also very important with the other education. Religious educational institutions include Ameer-e-Millat Islami University Madrassah, Jamia Hanfia Ghausia, Kuliat-ul-Abbas and Punjab School Madrassah.

Transportation

Rikshaws are the most usable, reachable and affordable transport within the Bhawana city. People use rikshaw within city and some nearest villages and towns of Bhawana. Some People have their own source for transport like bicycles, motorcycles, cars, trucks, tractors and etc. But other people hire a motorcycle or a car for going somewhere else. Buses, minibuses and vans are also very helpful to go through the far cities of Pakistan. Now-a-days, APVs and HiAce are being used by people to get through in all the Pakistan. Carts are used for the transportation of goods within city but trucks, trolleys and trailers are used for the business with other cities.

Airline

Faisalabad International Airport is 55 km from Bhawana. People use this airport to transport and travel at national and international level. In the month of Zilhuj mostly people of Faisalabad, Bhawana, Chiniot, Jhang, Toba Tek Singh, Sargodha and Rabwah use this airport to go outside. This airport also operates the caters of goods transportation from Karachi and foreign countries for the region of Faisalabad division. Allama Iqbal International Airport, Lahore is also used by people for international travelling.

Railway

Railway also plays an important role in something's economy and transportation. Bhawana has no railway transport of its own or any railway track, but the Chiniot railway station, Faislabad railway station and the Jhang railway station are the nearest railways. These are used by the people to transport something or to travel.

Sports and games

Popular sports in Bhawana are: cricket, football, gilli-danda, kabaddi, volleyball, badminton, horse racing, dog fight, snooker billiards, tennis, basketball and tug of war. Cricket is most favorite game of youth of Bhowana. Rural Cricket League (RCL) is an organisation village cricket. All Matches in complete uniform held according to ICC rules. Mostly people play cricket, as it is most popular game and mostly students play this game. In summer vacation some people make tournament of cricket in Bhawana and in its nearby villages. Bhawana teams of cricket and football[6] also play tournaments in other villages and cities.

People of Bhawana have made billiard and snooker clubs at many places. There are many video games center in Bhawana.

Telecommunication

As the revolution in communication systems world is being more different as past. In Bhawana all types of communications are being used by people. Sources are: wireless network as well as cable network. Wireless network includes PTCL, Ufone, Mobilink, ZONG, Warid and Telenor. In cable network only PTCL is available.

There is also facility of Internet like DSL of PTCL. Cable network is used for television and PTV network is also used. There is a Pakistan Post office for sending and receiving of the mails for communication.

Notable people

These are the pictures related to Bhawana:

  • Crops Picture
    Crops Picture
  • Sun Rising scene
    Sun Rising scene
  • Underpass Bridge of a Canal
    Underpass Bridge of a Canal
  • Road Constructing in Bhawana City
    Road Constructing in Bhawana City
  • Harvested Crops in Bhawana City
    Harvested Crops in Bhawana City
  • Canal passing near Bhawana City
    Canal passing near Bhawana City

See also

References

  1. ^ Chiniot becomes district today
  2. ^ Location of Bhawana on Google Map
  3. ^ Location of Bhawana on Wikimapia
  4. ^ Check weather report for Bhawana
  5. ^ Location and Climate
  6. ^ http://www.rabwah.net/football-bhawana-vs-rabwah-highlights/ A Football match: Bhawana vs Rabwah

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