Blue carbon
Blue carbon is the carbon captured by the world’s oceans and coastal ecosystems. The carbon captured by living organisms in oceans is stored in the form of biomass and sediments from mangroves, salt marshes and seagrasses.[1]
Relevance of blue carbon
The rates of blue carbon sequestration and storage capacities in ecosystems are comparable to (and often higher than) those in carbon-rich terrestrial ecosystems such as tropical rainforests or peatlands. Unlike most terrestrial systems, which reach soil carbon equilibrium within decades, deposition of carbon dioxide in coastal ecosystem sediment can continue over millennia. However, when these coastal ecosystems are degraded or destroyed they can become carbon dioxide sources due to the oxidization of biomass and organic soil.[2]
Because coastal ecosystems do contain substantial amounts of carbon, and because this carbon is in danger of being released, they are important in mitigating climate change. However, the rate of loss of mangroves, seagrasses and salt marshes (driven mostly by human activities) is estimated to be among the highest of any ecosystem on the planet, prompting international interest in managing them more effectively for their carbon benefits.[3]
These ecosystems are highly valuable not only for their contribution to climate change mitigation on a global scale, but also for the many valuable services they provide locally.[4]
See also
- Carbon sequestration
- Carbonic acid
- Climate change
- Ecosystem services
- Fisheries and climate change
- Kelp
- Mangroves
- Marine ecosystem
- Seagrass
- Seawater
- Salt marsh
References
- ^ Nellemann, Christian et al. (2009): Blue Carbon. The Role of Healthy Oceans in Binding Carbon. A Rapid Response Assessment. Arendal, Norway: UNEP/GRID-Arendal
- ^ Laffoley, Dan and Grimsditch, Gabriel (2009): The Management of Natural Coastal Carbon Sinks. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN
- ^ Murray et al. (2010): Payments for Blue Carbon. Potential for Protecting Threatened Coastal Habitats. Durham, USA: Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions
- ^ Crooks, Stephen et al. (2011): Mitigating Climate Change through Restoration and Management of Coastal Wetlands and Near-shore Marine Ecosystems: Challenges and Opportunities. Washington D.C., USA: World Bank
External links
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