Vardan Mamikonian
Vardan Mamikonian Վարդան Մամիկոնյան | |
|---|---|
 Vartan Mamikonian illustration in 1898 book «Illustrated Armenia and Armenians» [1] | |
| Native name | Վարդան Մամիկոնյան |
| Born | 393 |
| Died | 451 |
| Rank | Sparapet |
| Battles / wars | Battle of Avarayr |
Vardan Mamikonian (Template:Lang-hy) (393 AD — 451 AD), also known as Saint Vardan (in Armenian Սուրբ Վարդան) ( Saint Vartan in Western Armenian transliteration and pronunciation) was an Armenian military leader, a martyr and a saint of the Armenian Church.
Vardan Mamikonian, a member of the Mamikonian family, is revered as one of the greatest military and spiritual leaders of Christian Armenia in the 5th century. Saint Vardan Day, usually in February (rarely at times in first week of March but always falling on a Thursday), is commemorated by churches in Armenia and the Armenian diaspora. Major Christian Armenian churches are named after Saint Vardan. A major equestrian statue representing him is found in the Armenian capital Yerevan.
Biography
- Birth
Vardan Mamikonian was born in 393 AD to Hamazasp Mamikonian (in Armenian Համազասպ Մամիկոնյան) and to Sahakanoush (in Armenian Սահականուշ), the daughter of Saint Sahak the Great and descendant of the Arsacid Kings and Saint Gregory the Illuminator.
- Life
After Vardan became Sparapet (army leader) in 432, the Persians summoned him to Ctesiphon. Upon his return home in 450, Vardan repudiated the Persian religion and instigated an Armenian rebellion against their Sassanian overlords.
Vardan died in the doomed Battle of Avarayr on the Avarayr Plain in Vaspurakan. The also known as the Battle of Vartanantz, was fought on May 26, 451 AD on the Avarayr Plain in Vaspurakan, between the Armenian Army under Saint Vardan and the Sassanid (Persian) rulers. The Persians were victorious on the battlefield itself, and Vardan was killed in battle.
- After death
After his death, the insurrection continued led by Vahan Mamikonian, the son of Vartan's brother, resulting in the restoration of Armenian autonomy with the Nvarsak Treaty (484), thus guaranteeing the survival of Armenian statehood in later centuries.
- Family
Vardan Mamikonian is the father of Vardeni Mamikonian (known also as (Template:Lang-hy, Georgian: შუშანიკი) transliterated as Shushanik or Shoushanig), born around 409 AD. She married Varsken of Georgia. When her husband, a prominent Georgian feudal lord (pitiakhsh) Varsken took a pro-Persian position renouncing Christianity and adopting Zoroastrianism, he tried to force his wife Shushanik to convert, but she refused vehemently to submit to his orders to abandon her Christian faith and was put to death in 475 AD on Varsken's orders. Shushanik has been canonized by the Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church and is venerated by the Armenian Apostolic Church. Known as Saint Shushanik, her feast day is celebrated on October 17.
Veneration
After his death, Vardan Mamikonian was consecrated as a saint of the Armenian Apostolic Church. He is commonly known as Saint Vardan (in Armenian Սուրբ Վարդան) (in Eastern Armenian transliteration and pronunciation Surb Vardan, in Western Armenian transliteration and pronunciation as Saint Vartan or Sourp Vartan).
He is also reverred by the Armenian Catholic Church as a saint of the church and by Armenian Evangelical Church.
His commemoration day in the official Armenian Church calendar is usually in the month of February and on very rare occasions may fall in the first week of March. The actual Saint Vardan day is a moving day, as it always has to fall on a Thursday.
Major Christian Armenian churches are named after Saint Vardan, including St. Vartan Cathedral in New York City.
Vardan and Western Armenian variant Vartan are both very common given names for Armenian males. Vardanian, Vardanyan and Vartanian are also common Armenian family names.
References
