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Warriors
Boxed sets of the Warriors and Warriors: The New Prophecy series

Warriors
Warriors: The New Prophecy
Warriors: Power of Three
Warriors: Omen of the Stars
Warriors: Dawn of the Clans
AuthorErin Hunter
IllustratorWayne McLoughlin
CountryUnited Kingdom/United States/Canada
LanguageEnglish
GenreChildren's literature
Fantasy
PublisherHarperCollins[1]
Published2003–present

Warriors is a series of children's fiction novels published by HarperCollins; it is written by authors Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, and Tui Sutherland with the plot developed by editor Victoria Holmes, who collectively use the pseudonym Erin Hunter.[2] The series follows the adventures of four Clans of wild cats,ThunderClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, and RiverClan, in their forest homes. SkyClan, the long-forgotten fifth Clan of the forest, is later introduced in the stand-alone novel Firestar's Quest. It receives additional focus in the novel SkyClan's Destiny, the manga trilogy SkyClan and the Stranger, and the upcoming 2013 novella Cloudstar's Journey.

There are currently four sub-series, each containing six books. The first, Warriors, was published from 2003 to 2004. Warriors: The New Prophecy, published from 2005 to 2006, follows the first sub-series, chronicling the Clans as they move to a new home. The third story arc, Warriors: Power of Three, was published from 2007 to 2009. The fourth sub-series, Warriors: Omen of the Stars was published from 2009 to 2012 and continues where the third story arc left off. A fifth sub-series has been requested by HarperCollins and is entitled Warriors: Dawn of the Clans.[3]

Other books have been released in addition to the main series, including five lengthier stand-alone novels entitled Firestar's Quest, Bluestar's Prophecy, SkyClan's Destiny, Crookedstar's Promise, and Yellowfang's Secret with a sixth upcoming title called Tallstar's Revenge, and e-book-only titles called Hollyleaf's Story, Mistystar's Omen and the upcoming Cloudstar's Journey. Four field guides and several volumes of original English-language manga, produced as a collaboration between HarperCollins and TOKYOPOP, have been published as well. Manga published after TOKYOPOP's shutdown is published by HarperCollins on its own. In addition to the books, the authors have also written several short stories and two plays. The Warriors series, with the exception of the manga, has been released in e-book format for popular e-readers such as the Barnes & Noble Nook and Amazon Kindle. The series has also been translated into several languages. In addition, the series has a website, which features games, promotional videos, quizzes, a message board, and news.

Major themes in the series deal with forbidden love, the concept of nature versus nurture, the reactions of different faiths meeting each other, and characters being a mix of good and bad. The authors draw inspiration from several natural locations and other authors such as J. R. R. Tolkien, J. K. Rowling, and William Shakespeare.

Warriors has received mostly positive reviews, but has also been criticised for being confusing due to its large number of characters. Critics have compared it to the Redwall series, though one reviewer commented that the series is less elegantly written. Although nominated for several awards, Warriors has yet to receive any major literary prizes. The series has also reached the New York Times Bestseller List and has found popularity in many countries, including Trinidad and China.

Setting and characters

In the Warriors universe, there are four Clans of feral cats that live in a forest: ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, and ShadowClan. A fifth Clan, SkyClan, is driven out by the other Clans when its territory is destroyed by humans building a town, and scatters shortly after arriving at a new home in a gorge. SkyClan is later rebuilt in Firestar's Quest. Cats in each Clan live and hunt in their own territory, which they defend from other cats. Each Clan is adapted to its own types of prey and members usually possess (or are taught) special skills which suit the territory's terrain. BloodClan is a group of stray city cats introduced in The Darkest Hour. However, they are not considered to be a true Clan because they do not believe in the warriors' spiritual ancestors, StarClan, or the warrior code, a set of rules followed by all Clan cats. BloodClan is considered to be a group of rogues (non-Clan cats who do not respect the Clan cats' rules).[4]

StarClan is a group of the Clans' deceased ancestors who give guidance to the Clans. After death, most Clan cats join StarClan. StarClan is said to be represented by Silverpelt (the Milky Way), and each individual star represents the spirit of a single dead warrior. Upon joining StarClan, the cats' spirits take the form in which they were most happy while living (i.e. blindness and deafness can be cured, and wounds can be healed). StarClan warriors keep watch over the Clans, usually watching the Clan they lived in while alive. They provide guidance to the Clans, often through dreams and other signs or omens. Often, this occurs when medicine cats go to the Moonstone, a large stone in an abandoned mine, which is used in the forest territory to communicate with the medicine cats' ancestors every half-moon. When the Clans live by the lake, the medicine cats gather at the Moonpool, a pool used as the replacement for the Moonstone. In an author chat, Hunter said that StarClan can "just get glimpses of" the future, which they occasionally pass on.[5]

In addition to StarClan, there also exists the Dark Forest, also known as The Place of No Stars. The spirits of cats who cause great pain and suffering to others during their lives reside there instead of in StarClan. Dark Forest cats eventually gain the ability to walk in dreams like StarClan.

Beyond the Clans' territories lies a mountain range, inhabited by the Tribe of Rushing Water. The Tribe is shown to be similar to the Clans, yet follows a different set of ancestors: the Tribe of Endless Hunting. The Tribe has a Healer, cave-guards, and prey-hunters, who each serve a different function in the Tribe. The Healer leads the Tribe, heals the ill and wounded, and communicates with the Tribe of Endless Hunting, while the cave-guards defend the Tribe and the prey-hunters hunt.[6]

Origins of the Clans

The Clans' origin is described in Secrets of the Clans. Originally, many small groups of wild cats live in the forest. Without a code of honour to follow or ancestors to provide guidance, they fight constantly for food and territory. One night, a large battle occurs and many cats die. The spirits of the cats killed in battle return and tell the remaining cats to "unite or die". In this way, the Clans are formed from the previous multitude of small groups.[7] The dead spirits become StarClan, and the code of honour that the cats follow is gradually created, as described in Code of the Clans.

Clan hierarchy

The Clans have a hierarchical system, with different cats having different positions within the Clan. The leader receives his or her nine lives and leader name ending with the suffix -star from StarClan after he or she goes to the Moonstone/pool. The leader conducts important ceremonies, such as promoting warriors and making kits into apprentices. The deputy is second in command and succeeds the leader when the leader loses his or her last life. The deputy's job is mainly to organise patrols and other everyday tasks. In order to be appointed deputy by the leader, a cat must already be a warrior and have mentored at least one apprentice. There is also a medicine cat in each Clan, who receives messages from StarClan and uses herbs to heal sick or injured cats. Medicine cats are not allowed to have kits or mates, as it would distract them from their duties. At each half-moon, the medicine cats from each Clan meet at the Moonpool to talk with StarClan. In a Clan, there is never more than one medicine cat apprentice at any one time: a medicine cat apprentice helps gather herbs and learns medicinal knowledge, but is considered an apprentice until the current medicine cat dies or retires, even if he or she has already received a full medicine cat name. There are also warrior apprentices (usually referred to simply as apprentices) who train to hunt for and defend their Clan, the duties of a warrior. All apprentices' names end with the suffix -paw. These apprentices are mentored by warriors who pass down knowledge and skills they have learned from their own mentors. Apprenticeships usually last approximately six months. Apprentices occasionally undergo assessments, and become warriors when their mentors deem them ready. Warrior name suffixes (e.g. -claw, -heart, -pelt) are selected by the leader during the warrior ceremony. When a cat becomes old or permanently ill or disabled, he or she retires to become an elder. Elders share their knowledge with the Clan and are cared for by the apprentices. The only task they carry out is burying dead Clanmates. Clans also have queens, who are she-cats expecting or caring for their kits, but who return to warrior duties when no longer expecting or nursing kits. A queen is not obligated to reveal the identity of her mate. A kit's name always ends with the suffix -kit. Kits become apprentices after they are six months old.

Clan terminology

The characters have their own words for certain objects and ideas. Examples of these are the terms twoleg (person), horseplace (stable), and halfbridge (dock). The cats also use ways of measuring time and distance related to the natural world: sunhigh and moonhigh refer to the positions of celestial bodies as an indication of time. A moon is a used to indicate a month. The seasons have their own names as well, with newleaf meaning spring, greenleaf meaning summer, leaf-fall meaning autumn, and leaf-bare meaning winter. Distance terms vary, from a kittenstep (1.25–2.5 centimetres (0.49–0.98 in)) to a tree-length (15 metres (49 ft)), but the most common examples are fox-length (80 centimetres (2.6 ft)), tail-length (30 centimetres (12 in)), and mouse-length (5–7.5 centimetres (2.0–3.0 in)). Insults, exclamations, and phrases are also used. Mouse-brain, mouse dung, and fox dung are common expressions; mouse-brain is used as an insult, whereas mouse dung and fox dung are exclamations, usually used in frustration and anger. There are other examples of common phrases: a mouse-hearted cat is cowardly, while a fox-hearted cat is cruel or sly. The term fish-face is used by ThunderClan to refer to RiverClan cats. Great StarClan, and What in StarClan's name? are used as exclamations of surprise and shock. Thank StarClan! is used as an exclamation of gratitude.

Main series

Warriors

The original Warriors series, released from 2003 to 2004, consists of six books: Into the Wild, Fire and Ice, Forest of Secrets, Rising Storm, A Dangerous Path, and The Darkest Hour. The series follows a pet cat named Rusty who dreams about the forest that lies beyond the neighbourhood he lives in. One day, he ventures into the forest and is invited to join ThunderClan, one of four groups of wild cats in the forest. He accepts the invitation and receives the apprentice name Firepaw. Later, Firepaw receives his warrior name, Fireheart, and discovers that Tigerclaw, the deputy of ThunderClan, wishes to kill ThunderClan leader Bluestar in order to succeed her and become leader himself. In the third book, Forest of Secrets, Fireheart becomes deputy of the Clan after Tigerclaw tries to kill Bluestar, fails, and is banished from ThunderClan. Bluestar dies in A Dangerous Path, sacrificing her life to protect the Clan from dogs sent by Tigerstar, who becomes the leader of ShadowClan after his banishment. Fireheart then becomes the leader, receiving nine lives and the name Firestar. Tigerstar then, in The Darkest Hour, attempts to take over all four Clans, telling them that the leaders will rule together. Leopardstar, leader of RiverClan, agrees, but Firestar and Tallstar, leader of WindClan, refuse. Tigerstar tries to use BloodClan, a vicious group of city cats, to take over the Clans, but BloodClan leader Scourge kills Tigerstar (taking all nine of Tigerstar's lives at once by slicing him from neck to tail) and decides to take over the forest for himself. The four Clans unite and fight BloodClan. Firestar loses the first of his nine lives in battle against Scourge, but kills Scourge after returning to life, defeating BloodClan and saving the forest.

Warriors: The New Prophecy

The second series, Warriors: The New Prophecy, was released from 2005 to 2006, and contains six books: Midnight, Moonrise, Dawn, Starlight, Twilight, and Sunset. In the series, four cats, Brambleclaw, Tawnypelt, Crowpaw, and Feathertail, are sent on a mission by StarClan to the ocean, with Feathertail's brother Stormfur and ThunderClan apprentice Squirrelpaw accompanying them. There, a badger named Midnight tells the six cats that all four of the Clans are in danger from humans and must leave for a new home.

On the way back to the forest, the travelling cats meet a group of cats called the Tribe of Rushing Water who are being terrorised by a mountain lion called Sharptooth. The Clan cats stay with the Tribe but later run away after realising that they are being held prisoner and expected to kill Sharptooth. However, before having gone far, they have a change of heart and return to help the Tribe. After luring Sharptooth into the cave where the Tribe lives, a plan to poison Sharptooth fails, and the cats are forced to attempt to fight him off. Feathertail jumps onto a stalactite on the roof of the cave and plummets to the cave floor with it, falling on and crushing Sharptooth, sacrificing her life to save the Tribe.

In Starlight and Twilight, ThunderClan medicine cat apprentice Leafpool and Crowfeather (formerly Crowpaw) fall in love with each other. However, the warrior code says that Leafpool, as a medicine cat, cannot have a mate; in addition, Clan cats may not be mates with cats from other Clans. They eventually abscond, but return when Midnight warns them that a large group of badgers plans to attack ThunderClan. Upon returning, they find that a badger has killed Cinderpelt, the ThunderClan medicine cat, while she was helping Sorreltail give birth. Shortly after, Leafpool discovers that Cinderpelt is reincarnated as Cinderkit, one of Sorreltail's kits.

The series then centres around the prophecy "before there is peace, blood will spill blood, and the lake will run red". Hawkfrost and Brambleclaw have been meeting with the spirit of their dead father Tigerstar in dreams, in which he is teaching them how to become Clan leader by force. Hawkfrost follows Tigerstar every step of the way, but Brambleclaw is split between loyalty to his leader and his own ambition. Firestar appoints Brambleclaw deputy after finally accepting the possibility that Graystripe might never return. The series reaches its climax when Hawkfrost traps Firestar in a fox trap and tells Brambleclaw to kill him. Brambleclaw decides that he does not want to become leader by force, and refuses to kill Firestar; instead, he frees him from the trap. Hawkfrost attacks Brambleclaw, but Brambleclaw kills Hawkfrost with the sharp stick that kept the fox trap into the ground. Hawkfrost's blood runs into the river, dying it red, explaining the "blood will spill blood" prophecy as Brambleclaw is Hawkfrost's kin.

Warriors: Power of Three

The boxed set cover for Power of Three

The third series, titled Warriors: Power of Three, was released from 2007 to 2009 and includes The Sight, Dark River, Outcast, Eclipse, Long Shadows, and Sunrise. The plot is centred on the prophecy, "there will be three, kin of your kin, who hold the power of the stars in their paws", which was given to Firestar in Firestar's Quest by Skywatcher. The series follows three young cats named Hollyleaf, Jayfeather, and Lionblaze who are Firestar's grandkits, which makes them the cats of the prophecy. Jayfeather is blind, but soon discovers he has a unique power, as does one of his siblings. Jayfeather has the power to feel emotions and memories coming off of other cats and to walk in their dreams, where he is then able to see. Lionblaze has the power to never get hurt in a fight. Hollyleaf does not have any power and is later revealed not to be the third cat foretold in the prophecy. In Outcast, two cats from the Tribe of Rushing Water request help to drive away a group of loners that is stealing prey from the Tribe. The Clans send a patrol to help. There, Jayfeather learns that the Tribe came from the lake and tells his siblings about the prophecy. In Eclipse, a loner cat called Sol warns Jayfeather and Leafpool that the sun will disappear. During a battle involving all four Clans, the sun disappears in an eclipse. Sol then persuades ShadowClan to lose faith in StarClan in Long Shadows. Jayfeather, Lionblaze and Hollyleaf fake a sign from StarClan to convince Blackstar, leader of ShadowClan, that StarClan is real and should be followed. Sol is banished. Jayfeather, Hollyleaf, and Lionblaze learn in Sunrise that their true parents are Leafpool and Crowfeather, not Squirrelflight and Brambleclaw. During a Gathering, Hollyleaf reveals this to all the Clans and then runs away into a set of secret tunnels under the Clans' territories because she can not stand the fact that her birth is against the warrior code which means a lot to her. The tunnels then collapse on Hollyleaf, and she is presumed dead. The novel ends with Jayfeather realising that Hollyleaf was never meant to be part of the Three and that either Dovekit or Ivykit, grandkits of Firestar's nephew Cloudtail, is meant to be the third cat of the prophecy.

Warriors: Omen of the Stars

The fourth series is titled Warriors: Omen of the Stars and is a direct continuation of the previous series.[8] Like the three series before, the series consists of six books. All six books have been published, entitled The Fourth Apprentice, Fading Echoes, Night Whispers, Sign of the Moon, The Forgotten Warrior, and The Last Hope.[9]

In The Fourth Apprentice, ThunderClan apprentice Dovepaw finds out that she has a special power, which is to hear and see things even from extreme distances. Dovepaw sees beavers building a beaver dam that is blocking the river upstream far away, causing the lake to dry up. When Dovepaw reveals this, Jayfeather and Lionblaze both realise that she is the third cat in the prophecy, as the beavers are in fact very far away. In Fading Echoes, Jayfeather goes to the Dark Forest with Yellowfang and Spottedleaf and discovers that the Dark Forest cats are doing battle training. Later on, a tree falls on the camp and ThunderClan manages to evacuate in time thanks to Dovepaw's senses. Ivypaw becomes envious of the attention that Dovepaw receives from Firestar due to her special power, and demands to know why she is spending time with the older warriors and visiting Firestar often. Hawkfrost visits Ivypaw in a dream pretending to be her friend, playing on her envy of her sister. The book ends in a battle between ShadowClan and ThunderClan after Ivypaw claims to receive a sign from StarClan, although it is actually a ploy concocted by Hawkfrost.

In Night Whispers Ivypaw continues to meet with the Dark Forest in her dreams and Jayfeather finds out. After he finds out, he tells Lionblaze. Dovepaw overhears this. She confronts Lionblaze and Jayfeather and demands that they ask Ivypaw to stop; however, Jayfeather thinks they should use Ivypaw to learn how the Dark Forest warriors are training their recruits. Dovepaw tries to convince Ivypaw not to go to the Dark Forest, but the Ivypaw is oblivious to the dangers. Eventually, Ivypaw becomes increasingly nervous as she goes into the Dark Forest, then finds out the truth: that Tigerstar is training her and others to fight against the Clans. She agrees to spy on the Dark Forest for Jayfeather, Lionblaze, and Dovepaw. In The Sign of the Moon, Ivypaw and Dovepaw get their warrior names: Ivypool and Dovewing. Jayfeather and Lionblaze find signs that indicate the possibility that Hollyleaf might not be dead when a tunnel close to the spot where rocks supposedly buried Hollyleaf is discovered. Ivypool and Blossomfall go exploring in this tunnel get lost, but a mysterious cat leads them out after the spirit of Fallen Leaves, a dead ancient cat, tells them to follow a path out. Jayfeather is told a new prophecy at the end of the novel: "The end of the stars draws near, three must become four, to battle the darkness that lasts forever".

The Forgotten Warrior begins with Briarlight telling Jayfeather how she finds a tuft of black fur in the back of the herb store, and Jayfeather recognises it as Hollyleaf's. Birchfall reveals to Ivypool that he is training in the Dark Forest, to Ivypool's horror, though she hides it. Ivypool is still visiting the Dark Forest at nights. When she tells Brokenstar that she wants to teach the cats, he tells her to kill Antpelt, a Dark Forest spirit. Ivypool wins and kills Antpelt, who fades and disappears, showing that Dark Forest cats can be killed. Molepaw and Cherrypaw announce that they are attacked by foxes, but that a stranger scares the fox off before any serious injuries are inflicted. The rest of the Clan thinks that the new apprentices are making it up, but Jayfeather and Lionblaze thinks that it might be Hollyleaf's doing. Lionblaze convinces Firestar to let him track down the stranger so he does. He discovers Sol and brings him back to camp. While on a walk, Dovewing and Ivypool go into the tunnels underground. They hear Sol discussing an attack on ThunderClan with WindClan. Dovewing and Ivypool are overheard by the cats and they try to escape. Hollyleaf appears and helps them get out. Lionblaze sees her and brings her back to the Clan. Hollyleaf tells everyone that she saves the apprentices from the fox attack, not Sol. Everyone welcomes her except for only a few. Hollyleaf begins tunnel training to help with the fight with WindClan. In the end, ThunderClan wins the battle with WindClan by pushing them into the tunnels.

In The Last Hope, Ivypool eavesdrops on a senior Dark Forest warriors' meeting; she listens as Brokenstar explains the Dark Forest's master plan, using his claws to create a diagram: they agree to attack at the very heart of the Clans. After all of the cats leave, Ivypool sneaks forward to take a peek at the diagram, but is awakened by her sister, Dovewing. At the Moonpool, Yellowfang tells Jayfeather that he must tell Dovewing and Lionblaze about the new prophecy he was told in Sign of the Moon. Later in his dream at the Moonpool, former RiverClan medicine cat Brambleberry tells him that they must unite all the Clans together as one to fight the Dark Forest. After that, he has another dream, but in the Dark Forest. Brokenstar appears and shows Jayfeather the training warriors and apprentices. Jayfeather is horrified as he realises that so many cats from all Clans are secretly training at night while their Clanmates are sleeping. In the climax of the series, the Dark Forest cats attack the Clans. Firestar is confronted by Tigerstar, and after a fight, kills Tigerstar. Afterwards, lightning strikes a tree next to Firestar, and ThunderClan discovers that Firestar has died as well, the flash of flame marking the end of his life. As the deputy at the time, Brambleclaw becomes leader, then names Squirrelflight as his new deputy.

Warriors: Dawn of the Clans

The fifth series is titled Warriors: Dawn of the Clans and goes back to the beginning of the Clans. The first book is called The Sun Trail and is set to be released on 5 March 2013. The second book is called Thunder Rising and is set to be released on 3 December 2013. With cookies[10]

Other books

Super Editions

Super Editions are books in the Warriors series that are approximately double the length of a normal Warriors book. There are five Super Editions as of October 2012: Firestar's Quest, Bluestar's Prophecy, SkyClan's Destiny, Crookedstar's Promise, and Yellowfang's Secret. Another Super Edition, Tallstar's Revenge, is set to be released on 2 July 2013. Super Editions are standalone stories and as the titles imply, the first features Firestar, the second features Bluestar, the third features the modern SkyClan a few months after Firestar's Quest, the fourth features Crookedstar, leader of RiverClan, and the fifth features the former ShadowClan and ThunderClan medicine cat Yellowfang. The sixth will feature the former WindClan leader, Tallstar.

Firestar's Quest

Firestar's Quest, the first Warriors Super Edition, was released on 25 August 2007.[11] It covers the time between The Darkest Hour and Midnight, and fills many plot gaps between the books, explaining Longtail's blindness, Willowpelt's death, and the births of Leafkit, Squirrelkit, Spiderkit, and Shrewkit. The book details Firestar and Sandstorm's journey to restore SkyClan, the fifth Clan of the forest that is driven out when a town is built, and is scattered when it is attacked by rats in its new home.

Bluestar's Prophecy

Bluestar's Prophecy was released 28 July 2009.[12] It covers Bluestar's life from her birth to the beginning of Into the Wild. It explains Bluestar's constant and unfailing trust of Whitestorm, the backstory of her kits Stonekit, Mistykit, and Mosskit and her secret mate Oakheart, and tells about her struggle between her Clan and her heart. The book describes a prophecy given to Bluestar by her uncle, Goosefeather, the medicine cat at the time. The prophecy is "like fire you will blaze through the forest, but beware: even the most powerful flames can be quenched by water".

SkyClan's Destiny

SkyClan's Destiny was released on 3 August 2010.[13] The book follows Leafstar and her struggle to rebuild the once-lost Clan. The book takes place several months after Firestar's Quest. The Clan's members are split over whether or not "daylight-warriors", kittypets who join the Clan in the day and return to their owners at night, should be allowed to be part of the Clan. As well, a group of visiting rogues create challenges for the Clan.

Crookedstar's Promise

Crookedstar's Promise was released on 5 July 2011. It takes place during the same time as Bluestar's Prophecy and explains how Stormkit became Crookedkit. The book describes the promise that Crookedkit made to a Dark Forest cat, whom he believes is a StarClan cat, named Mapleshade. She tells him that she can give him anything he wants as long as he is faithful to his Clan and puts all other things aside. As a young warrior, Crookedjaw pledges his undying loyalty to RiverClan in exchange for the promise of power, not realising that his pledge will haunt him when he becomes the leader of his Clan.

Yellowfang's Secret

Yellowfang's Secret was released on 9 October 2012. It is a Super Edition about the former ThunderClan medicine cat Yellowfang and her life in ShadowClan. It follows Yellowfang as she first trains to be a warrior, then later realizes her paws are not meant for shedding blood and her decision to switch to the role of medicine cat instead. However, she breaks the code of medicine cats when she gives birth and can only watch as she and her whole Clan are punished by her disloyalty to the code. In the end, she herself is cast out of ShadowClan by her own kit Brokenstar.

Tallstar's Revenge

Tallstar's Revenge, the sixth volume in the Super Edition arc, is to be released on 2 July 2013, and will feature Tallstar.[14]

Field guides

Four field guides have also been published. They offer extra information, usually in the form of short stories, and are usually about 150 pages long.[15] Secrets of the Clans is the first field guide to be released for Warriors. It gives more details about the Clans previously unrevealed in the main series. Cats of the Clans, featuring illustrations and descriptions of the cats, was released on 24 June 2008.[16] Code of the Clans, which describes the warrior code's origins, was released on 9 June 2009.[17]" Battles of the Clans, released on 1 June 2010,[18] is about past battles and each Clan's special battle tactics.

Omnibus field guide

Enter the Clans is an omnibus field guide released on 26 June 2012.[19] It is a collective work of the field guides Secrets of the Clans and Code of the Clans, although four pages of color artwork and the double foldout map inserts in the middle of Secrets of the Clans, as well as five pieces of color artwork in Code of the Clans, are not included in Enter the Clans.

OEL manga series

File:Graystripetrilogy.jpg
The boxed set of Graystripe's Trilogy

Several series of original English-language manga have been produced by HarperCollins with TOKYOPOP.[20] With the shutdown of TOKYOPOP, subsequent manga volumes have been published under the HarperCollins name alone. Four of the manga series consist of three volumes, though The Rise of Scourge is a standalone book.

Graystripe's trilogy

Graystripe's trilogy is a three-volume series following Graystripe from the time that he was taken by Twolegs in Dawn until he returns to ThunderClan in The Sight. It was published as the first part of a partnership between TOKYOPOP and HarperCollins.[21] These books tell how Graystripe and Millie found their way to ThunderClan. It consists of 3 books: The Lost Warrior, Warrior's Refuge, and Warrior's Return. The final volume was published on 22 April 2008.[22]

The Rise of Scourge

The Rise of Scourge was released on 24 June 2008[23] and unlike the other manga, is a standalone volume. It was the result of a questionnaire on the official Warriors website, which asked fans what they wanted to see in a new Warriors book. The story follows Scourge, the leader of BloodClan, one of the antagonists in The Darkest Hour. It centres around his early years, when he was bullied as a kit for being small. The book follows him until he kills Tigerstar, who had attacked Scourge when he ventured into the forest as a kitten.

Tigerstar and Sasha

Tigerstar and Sasha, a manga trilogy about Tigerstar and Sasha has also been published. The story details how Tigerstar and Sasha met each other and what happens after Sasha leaves Tigerstar and ShadowClan. The books are Into the Woods, Escape from the Forest, and Return to the Clans. The third was released on 9 June 2009.[24]

Ravenpaw's Path

Ravenpaw's Path is another trilogy which is centred around former ThunderClan apprentice Ravenpaw and his life on the farm with the farm cat Barley after the BloodClan battles. Holmes has said that the story takes place in the second half of the year between the original series and the The New Prophecy series, soon after Firestar and Sandstorm return to the Clan in Firestar's Quest.[15] The three books are Shattered Peace, A Clan in Need, and The Heart of a Warrior, which was released on 3 August 2010.[25]

SkyClan and the Stranger

SkyClan and the Stranger is another trilogy which is about SkyClan and how Sol came to know about the Clans. It begins with The Rescue (Warriors), which was released on 5 July 2011.[26] The second book is called Beyond the Code and was released 22 November 2011,[27] and the third book is called After the Flood and was released 3 April 2012.[28]

E-book-only works

HarperCollins has said on the official Warriors fan page that Hollyleaf's Story, Mistystar's Omen, and Cloudstar's Journey will be included in a printed book within the next year.[29]

Hollyleaf's Story

Hollyleaf's Story was released on 3 March 2012. It takes place starting from the time when Hollyleaf went into the tunnels and was thought to be dead in Sunrise. The book goes on until she goes to the tunnels beneath ThunderClan territory to find that Ivypool and Dovewing are spying on Sol and the WindClan cats. When she first goes into the cave, she is saved by Fallen Leaves and lives with him for the remainder of her time in the caves. The book also tells of her helping the ThunderClan cats in several ways. It was released in e-book form only and is currently unavailable in print.

Mistystar's Omen

Mistystar's Omen is an e-book-only work that was released on 11 September 2012. In this original Warriors novella, when Leopardstar loses her ninth life, her longtime deputy, Mistyfoot, steps up to receive her new name—Mistystar—and lead her Clan through a troublesome time. But Mistystar is about to discover a shocking secret about RiverClan, and her leadership is plunged into crisis as soon as it begins.[30]

Cloudstar's Journey

Cloudstar's Journey is an e-book-only work that is set to be released on 29 January 2013.[31]

Inspiration and origins

New Forest, which became the base for the forest the cats live in

The series first began when HarperCollins asked Victoria Holmes to write a fantasy series about feral cats. Initially, Holmes was not very enthusiastic, since she "couldn't imagine coming up with enough ideas". She worked with the concept, however, expanding the storyline with elements of war, politics, revenge, doomed love, and religious conflict.[32] Although the original plan was a stand-alone novel, enough material was created for several books, and the publisher decided upon a six-volume series.[32] The first volume, Into the Wild, was written by Kate Cary, under the pseudonym "Erin Hunter", and was completed in about three months.[33] Holmes then began to work behind the scenes, editing and supervising details.[34] Cherith Baldry joined the Erins to write the third book, Forest of Secrets.[2]

The authors have named several other authors as sources of inspiration when writing the novels. In an online author chat, Cherith Baldry listed the authors that inspire her as including Tolkien, Ursula K. Le Guin, and Shakespeare. In the same chat, Victoria Holmes stated that Jacqueline Wilson, Kathy Reichs and J. K. Rowling are some of the authors that inspire her.[2] According to the official website, other authors who have inspired the writers include Enid Blyton, Lucy Daniels, Ellis Peters, Tess Gerritsen, Kate Ellis, Lisa Gardiner, Jaqueline Wilson and Meg Cabot.[1] The authors have also mentioned several other sources of inspiration. The New Forest in southern England was the base for the forest where the original series took place.[33] Other influential locations include Loch Lomond,[35] and the Scottish Highlands. Nicholas Culpeper, a physician who used materials occurring in the natural world as medicine, has also had an influence on the Warriors series. His book, Culpeper's Herbal, is used as a source by the authors for the herbal remedies that the cats use in the books. In addition, the authors mentioned that they may use some fan-created names in future books.[2][9] Also mentioned as a source of inspiration was Rambo.[36]

Critical reception

The first book of the series, Into the Wild, was generally well-received, with reviewers calling it a "spine-tingling,"[37] "thoroughly engrossing"[38] and "exciting ... action-packed adventure."[39] One reviewer praised the authors for "creating an intriguing world ... and an engaging young hero,[40] but another criticised the characters and imagined world as being "neither ... consistent nor compelling."[41]

The large number of characters involved in the series has often been seen as a negative point; though one reviewer compared the "huge cast" to that of a Greek drama,[42] others wrote that it was "hard to follow"[43] and "a little confusing."[40] The characters have also been criticised as being "somewhat flat"[43] and "limited essentially to each individual's function within the clan."[41]

As one reviewer put it, the cats in the series are "true to their feline nature,"[37] leading some critics to jokingly comment that the books will "leave readers eyeing Puss a bit nervously"[44] and "[wondering] what dreams of grandeur may haunt the family cat."[39] However, this realism also means that the series contains a relatively large amount of violence,[40] with one critic stating that it is "not for the faint of heart."[42] Several critics have compared Warriors to Brian Jacques' Redwall series,[37][41] though one commented that it was "not as elegantly written."[40] The New York Times called the series a "hit with young readers," specifically because of its "sprawling universe,"[45] and the series was able to appear on the New York Times Bestseller List for a total of 112 weeks, as of 6 May 2012.[46]

Awards and recognitions

Into the Wild was nominated for the 2006 Young Reader's Choice Awards,[47] but lost to Christopher Paolini's Eragon.[48] It was also listed on Booklist's Top 10 fantasy books for youth in 2003[49] and was a Book Sense 76 Pick.[50] The Sight was nominated as the best Middle Readers book at Amazon's Best Books of the Year (2007), and placed sixth out of the ten nominees, with six percent of the total votes.[51] It was also nominated for the Children's Choice Book Awards.[52] In 2006, Warriors also received an honourable mention for the best book series for Publisher Weekly's "On the Cuff" awards.[53]

Themes

A theme in the series is forbidden love, examples being Bluestar with Oakheart, Graystripe with Silverstream, Leafpool with Crowfeather, Yellowfang with Raggedstar, and Dovewing with Tigerheart. These loves were not allowed as some were with medicine cats while others were with cats in other Clans which are both against the warrior code. Another theme featured in the novel is the reactions of different faiths when meeting each other. To show this, the Tribe of Rushing Water was introduced in Moonrise. In an author chat, Holmes explained that the books never say that the Clans or the Tribe of Rushing Water are right about faith, because both are "equally valid." This leads to fear and suspicion between them because they are afraid of things they do not understand. Holmes said that "ignorance is a very scary thing!"[5] Non-belief, such as where Mothwing or Cloudtail do not believe in StarClan, is also featured in the storyline.[54] On the other hand, Holmes said that another central theme of the series is "faith and spirituality" in StarClan.[8] All books in the series heavily feature the influence of StarClan, not just as the cats think of them, but in terms of explicit prophecies for StarClan which inevitably come true. A few scenes actually take place within StarClan itself, with no earthly cats present as point-of-view characters. Thus, while the differences in belief is a clear minor theme, the existence of an afterlife and the influence of "cat spirits" who have passed on and yet retain their earthly identities is integral to all of the plot arcs in the series.

Another theme surfaces in how the books show characters that can be a mix of good and evil. Holmes has said she is fascinated by these "shades of gray" in personalities. Her example of this was when Bluestar, a relatively noble and honourable cat, gave up her kits for her own ambitions so an evil cat would not take over. Another example she gave of this is how Tigerstar, even with all of his faults, is still courageous and fiercely loyal.[55] Similarly, Holmes has also compared the theme to Brambleclaw and how nobody knew whether he was good or evil.[2] A third major theme, often referred to as nature versus nurture, relates to whether a person is born the way he or she will be, or if other things shape that, as in the example of Brambleclaw. This theme ties into the "shades of gray" theme.[5]

Publishers Weekly noted that friendship and responsibility were things that were taught to characters in the novels,[39] while booksforyouths.com had a review which pointed out the idea that just as Clan cats shun house cats for their soft life, people should realise that it is necessary to experience hardships in life.[56] A Storysnoops review noted that one of the themes was that "it doesn't matter where you come from, only who you are inside".[57] In Dawn, the theme of cooperation is explored. The four Clans, normally hostile to each other, are forced to work together in order to find a new home.[58] Other themes that have been pointed out deal with family, friendship, responsibility, loss, honour, bravery, death, loyalty, and following rules.[5][39]

Holmes has said that one of the good things about writing a book about cats is that "we can tackle difficult human issues such as death, racial intolerance, and religious intolerance [without seeming so heavy]."[55]

Editions

All of the Warriors books except for the manga have been published as hardcovers, and the majority of them have also been published as paperbacks. Starlight, Twilight, and Sunset from The New Prophecy, as well as all of the Omen of the Stars books so far, are available in an audiobook format.[59][60] The New Prophecy audiobooks are spoken by Nanette Savard, whose performance has been praised by reviewers. AudioFile wrote, "Nanette Savard brings out the youth of the cats who are struggling to help their clan survive and to protect each other from outside danger."[61][62] The Omen of the Stars audiobooks are spoken by Kathleen McInerney,[60] a pseudonym of Veronica Taylor. The books in the four main series have also been released in an eBook format.[63]

Foreign editions

File:Japan-DPath.jpg
The Japanese cover of A Dangerous Path.

The Warriors series was first published in the USA and the United Kingdom.[33] Warriors is also sold in New Zealand,[64] Australia,[65] and Canada. Translations from English into other languages such as Czech, Lithuanian, Finnish, Japanese, French, Russian, Chinese and Korean have been published more recently.[66] The first six books have been published in Korea and the first two series in Germany.[2][67] Fandom even exists in Trinidad and Singapore.[68] The first two books have been printed in Poland[69] and Italy.[70]

Other media

Website

The Warriors website features Warriors screen savers, and E-cards, along with videos on "How To Draw Graystripe," the process of writing a manga book, and a video to promoting Cats of the Clans. There is also a "How To Draw Manga" page. In addition, there are games, including: quizzes, the New Prophecy Adventure, the Warriors Hunting Game, and the Warriors Adventure Game, a paper-and-pencil-based role-playing game. On the Q&A section of the site, Erin Hunter said that they are working on an online game that would be released in late 2010. It finished the first round of testing in summer 2010, but by January 2011, had not been released. Whether it will be a role-playing game is unknown. Erin Hunter has stated on the official Warriors website that there is still no plan for an official video game, but if there was, it would probably be based on a movie version of the Warriors series, which is currently not under consideration.[1] Many fans have also created their own forum-based role-playing games.[5]

Movie

During a July 2009 author chat, Victoria Holmes stated that there are currently no planned Warriors movies, and none under consideration:

"Oh, the fickle world of movie making, well, there are currently no Warriors movies in production or even under consideration. The economy is not in a state to invest in a rather dark animation about feral cats, apparently. I promise I'll let you know if there are any changes."[15]

In August 2010, she stated:

"Well, never say never, but there are currently no Warriors movies in production, and no immediate plans."[36]

Short stories

The first short story written by Erin Hunter was called Spottedleaf's Honest Answer. In it, Spottedleaf talks about her love for Firestar. It gives information on what happened in the Warriors series from Into the Wild to Firestar's Quest.[71]

On 20 January 2009, another short story, called The Clans Decide, was released on the Warriors Ultimate Leader Election site, starring Firestar, who won an election through an online vote conducted in recognition of President Obama's Inauguration Day. The story is about the four Clans voting for a way to survive a tough leaf-bare (winter). Every cat at the meeting voted whether or not the Clans would work together to survive the leaf-bare. In the end, the Clans decided to work together to survive leaf-bare.[72]

Two short stories, titled After Sunset: The Right Choice? and The Elders' Concern were included with the Warriors mobile application.[73] The Elders' Concern has been noted to contain timeline errors. Taking place after Bluestar's selection of Fireheart for deputy, it is about the elder Halftail, who is unhappy with the decision, and wakes the other elders to discuss it with them. In After Sunset: The Right Choice?, Leafpool runs into Brambleclaw in the evening of the day he had killed Hawkfrost; Brambleclaw confides in her his worry that the event was a sign that he was unfit to be deputy.

Plays

Written by Victoria Holmes for a tour, a play entitled After Sunset: We Need to Talk was first premiered on 28 April 2007, at the Secret Garden bookstore in Seattle, Washington. It details a meeting between Leafpool of ThunderClan and Crowfeather of WindClan after the events of Sunset. The script was released to the public at the official site for the Warriors series.[74]

During a fund raising event in Russellville, Arkansas, Brightspirit's Mercy was performed by various high school drama students. The second of the two plays by Erin Hunter, Brightspirt's Mercy is about Jaypaw, Lionblaze, and Hollyleaf. After going to a Gathering, where it is obvious all of the Clans except for ThunderClan are starving, three cats from StarClan appear to them: Brightspirit, and her parents, Shiningheart and Braveheart, characters created on Wands and Worlds, a fantasy fiction forum, in memory of a 10-year-old Warriors fan, Emmy Grace Cherry, and her parents, Dana and Jimmy Cherry, who were killed in a tornado in February 2007.[75] They tell the three young cats that they must help feed the other Clans. Jaypaw is easily convinced, but Hollyleaf and Lionblaze are harder to win over. Eventually, they agree and hunt, then wait at the WindClan border for a patrol. Ashfoot, WindClan's deputy, accepts the gift, but Breezepaw, too proud to have help from another Clan, refuses to eat it. Jaypaw, Lionblaze, and Hollyleaf then head towards another Clan's territory.[76]

Trading cards

An example of a trading card, depicting Brambleclaw

In the Chinese translation of the series, "3-D trading cards" are packaged in each book. The 3-D effect is caused by stereoscopic lenticular printing. These cards feature pictures of the cats on the center of the bookcover with the Chinese and English names, and biographical information on the back. Current cards feature Firestar, Bluestar, Tallstar, Graystripe, Tigerstar, a collage of the 5 previous cats, Brambleclaw, Feathertail, Leafpool, Onestar, Crowfeather, Hawkfrost, Hollyleaf, Jayfeather, Lionblaze, Blackstar, Squirrelflight, Breezepelt, Sandstorm, Oakheart, Dovewing, Ivypool, Flametail, and Stormfur.[77]

Mobile application

On 30 June 2011, an official iOS application was released on the iTunes App Store.[73] It contains information about the books in the series, profiles of the Clans and major characters (including app-exclusive information such as the name of Firestar's mother), an interactive timeline and maps, two application-exclusive short stories, and a trivia game.

References

  1. ^ a b c "Warriors". warriorcats.com.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Erin Hunter Chat No. 4 Transcript — January 19, 2008". Wands and Worlds. Retrieved 4 February 2008.
  3. ^ "Wands and Worlds Forum post". Wands and Worlds. Retrieved 23 May 2011. hi blogclan! i just received an email from vicky saying that harpercollins wants a fifth series of warriors. yay! i can't tell you any more than that yet.The original blog post appears to have been taken down
  4. ^ Hunter, Erin. Code of the Clans. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-166009-2.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Erin Hunter chat #2". Wands and Worlds. Archived from the original on 10 October 2007.
  6. ^ Hunter, Erin. Moonrise. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-074452-6.
  7. ^ Hunter, Erin. Warriors Field Guide: Secrets of the Clans. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-123903-8.
  8. ^ a b "Erin Hunter chat No. 5 transcript – August 16, 2008". Wands And Worlds. Retrieved 16 August 2008.
  9. ^ a b "Erin Hunter Chat No. 7 Transcript – part 1". Wands And Worlds. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
  10. ^ http://www.amazon.com/Warriors-Clans-Thunder-Rising-ebook/dp/B0092QPX9G/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1346956706&sr=1-1&keywords=warriors+dawn+of+the+clans+2
  11. ^ "Warriors Super Edition: Firestar's Quest". HarperCollins. Retrieved 26 August 2010.
  12. ^ "Warriors Super Edition: Bluestar's Prophecy". HarperCollins. Retrieved 26 August 2010.
  13. ^ "Warriors Super Edition: SkyClan's Destiny". HarperCollins. Retrieved 26 August 2010.
  14. ^ http://www.harpercollinscatalogs.com/harper/503_2505_333338373136.htm#readmore
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  20. ^ Price, Ada (5 April 2010). "Novel to Graphic Novel: Turning Popular Prose into Comics". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
  21. ^ "Tokyopop and HarperCollins Set to Bring Erin Hunter's Bestselling Children's Series to Manga Format". Anime News Network. Retrieved 17 March 2008.
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  28. ^ "Warriors: SkyClan and the Stranger #3: After the Flood". HarperCollins. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
  29. ^ https://www.facebook.com/thewarriorcats/posts/140963056048197?comment_id=281192&offset=0&total_comments=30
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  37. ^ a b c "Booklist review: Hunter, Erin. Into the Wild". Booklist. 15 February 2003. Retrieved 21 August 2008. In this first spine-tingling episode in the planned Warriors series [...] sure to appeal ... to followers of Brian Jacques' ongoing Redwall series
  38. ^ Estes, Sally (15 April 2003). "Top 10 Fantasy Books for Youth". ala.org. American Library Association. Retrieved 20 August 2008. [dead link]
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  40. ^ a b c d Alpert, Mary (1 May 2003). "School Library Journal review: Hunter, Erin. Into the Wild". School Library Journal. Retrieved 21 August 2008. The author has created an intriguing world with an intricate structure and mythology, and an engaging young hero. [...] The supporting cast of players is large and a little confusing [...] This is not as elegantly written as Brian Jacques's "Redwall" series
  41. ^ a b c Negro, Janice M. Del (1 March 2003). "Book review: Warriors: Into the Wild". Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books. 56 (7): 277. Retrieved 21 August 2008. The author's attempt to create a hierarchical warrior-clan society falls a bit short: neither the imagined world nor the characters within it are consistent or compelling. Characterization is limited essentially to each individual's function within the clan, and the cast therefore remains cartoon cats engaged in territory marking [...] while the pace occasionally flags there are a lot of bloody tooth-and-claw battles here that may engage readers of the Redwall series.
  42. ^ a b Rawlins, Sharon (1 October 2003). "School Library Journal review: Forest of Secrets". School Library Journal. 49 (10): 167. Retrieved 21 August 2008. This exciting book is not for the faint of heart as it is often violent [...] It is reminiscent of Greek drama, with its huge cast of characters
  43. ^ a b Prolman, Lisa (1 September 2003). "School Library Journal review: Fire and Ice". School Library Journal. 49 (9): 214. Retrieved 21 August 2008. Readers not familiar with the first book may find this one hard to follow. [...] The characterizations of the animals are somewhat flat [...] and the plot's twists and turns seem mapped out and predictable.
  44. ^ "Kirkus review: Into the Wild". Kirkus Reviews. 71 (1): 61. 2003. Retrieved 21 August 2008. Hunter debuts with a suspenseful animal adventure that will leave readers eyeing Puss a bit nervously. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  45. ^ Dwight Garner (15 January 2006). "TBR: Inside the List". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 August 2008. The Warriors books are a hit with young readers, in part, because of the sprawling universe they open up.
  46. ^ Schuessler, Jennifer. "Childrens' Series Bestsellers: May 13, 2012". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  47. ^ "YRCA 2006 nominees". Pacific Northwest Library Association. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
  48. ^ "YRCA Past Winners". Pacific Northwest Library Association. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  49. ^ Estes, Sally (15 April 2003). "Top 10 fantasy books for youth. (Spotlight on SF/Fantasy).(Bibliography)". AccessMyLibrary. Booklist. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
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  51. ^ "Best Books of 2007". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
  52. ^ "Kate Cary's site: Warriors". katecary.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 July 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  53. ^ "The 2006 Cuffies". Publishers Weekly. Publishers Weekly. 22 January 2007. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
  54. ^ "Erin Hunter Chat No. 3 Transcript — part 2". Wands and Worlds. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
  55. ^ a b "Cat Tales". Nick Magazine: 75. 2008/2009. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |year= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  56. ^ "booksforyouth Review". booksforyouth.com. Retrieved 20 July 2010.
  57. ^ "Storysnoops Review". storysnoops.com. Retrieved 23 July 2010.
  58. ^ "Dawn (Warriors, Warriors: The New Prophecy Series, Erin Hunter, Book — Barnes & Noble". Retrieved 6 January 2008.
  59. ^ "Warriors: Enter the World of Warriors: The New Prophecy". Amazon.com. Retrieved 17 March 2008.
  60. ^ a b "Audible catalog page: Warriors: Omen of the Stars: The Fourth Apprentice". Audible.
  61. ^ "Sunset (Warriors: The New Prophecy Series #6) Editorial Reviews". amazon.com. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  62. ^ Hunter, Erin. Sunset (Warriors: The New Prophecy, Book 6) (Audio CD). HarperChildrensAudio. ISBN 978-0-06-121497-4.Spoken by Nanette Savard
  63. ^ "Ebooks written by Erin Hunter". Mobipocket. Retrieved 17 March 2008.
  64. ^ "HarperCollins (New Zealand) catalog page: Warriors: Into the Wild". HarperCollins New Zealand. Retrieved 27 August 2008.
  65. ^ "HarperCollins (Australia) catalog page: Warriors #3: Forest of Secrets". HarperCollins Australia. Retrieved 27 August 2008.
  66. ^ "Erin Hunter Chat No. 3 Transcript". Wands and Worlds. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
  67. ^ "Official German Warriors site". Beltz and Gelberg.
  68. ^ "INTERVIEW: Erin Hunter". Writers Unboxed. Retrieved 16 March 2008.
  69. ^ "empik.com — Wojownicy — Tom 2 Ogień i Lód — Erin Hunter". empik.com. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  70. ^ "Sonda.it: Warriors" (in Italian). Sonda.it. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  71. ^ Hunter, Erin. "Spottedleaf's Honest Answer". Retrieved 22 April 2008.
  72. ^ Hunter, Erin. "The Clans Decide" (PDF). Retrieved 21 December 2009.
  73. ^ a b "Warriors by HarperCollins Publishers". iTunes App Store. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
  74. ^ Hunter, Erin. "After Sunset: We Need to Talk" (PDF). Retrieved 7 June 2009.
  75. ^ "Brightspirit Relief Fund". IMC studios.
  76. ^ Hunter, Erin. "Brightspirit's Mercy" (PDF). Retrieved 7 June 2009.
  77. ^ "Morningstar Online Catalog Page: Warriors: Sunrise". Morningstar.com.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 23 April 2010.