September 1
September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). There are 121 days remaining.
Events
- 5509 BC - The world was created, according to the Byzantine calendar.
- 327 - start of first indiction cycle
- 1715 - King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years — longer than any other French or other major European monarch, leaving the throne of his exhausted and indebted country to his great-grandson Louis XV. Regent for the new, five years old monarch is Philippe d'Orléans, nephew of Louis XIV.
- 1772 - Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa founded in San Luis Obispo, California.
- 1804 - Juno, one of the largest main belt asteroids, was discovered by German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding.
- 1807 - Former US Vice President Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason. He had been accused of plotting to annex parts of Louisiana and Mexico to become part of an independent republic.
- 1836 - Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.
- 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly - Confederate General Robert E. Lee leads his forces in an attack on retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia, driving them away.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four month siege mounted by Union General William T. Sherman.
- 1875 - A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.
- 1894 - Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota kills more than 400 people.
- 1897 - The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground metro in North America.
- 1905 - Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.
- 1914 - St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd.
- 1914 - The last Passenger Pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.
- 1923 - An earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama killing about 100,000 people. See Great Kanto earthquake for detail.
- 1928 - Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.
- 1939 - World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland, beginning the war. (See Polish September Campaign.)
- 1951 - The United States, Australia and New Zealand all sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty (for "Australia, New Zealand, United States").
- 1960 - Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company (event lasted 2 days).
- 1969 - A coup in Libya brings Col. Moammar Qaddafi to power.
- 1970 - The last episode of the television sitcom I Dream of Jeannie airs on NBC. The show premiered on September 18, 1965.
- 1972 - In Reykjavik, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.
- 1979 - The American Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.
- 1983 - Cold War: Korean Air Flight KAL-007 shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft entered Soviet airspace. All 269 on board die.
- 1985 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.
- 1986 - The Soviet sea-liner Admiral Nakhimov collides with the bulk carrier Petr Vasev and sinks almost immediately, killing 448.
- 1991 - The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is released in North America.
- 1999 - A LAPA Boeing 737-200 crashes during takeoff from Jorge Newbury Airport in Buenos Aires, killing 74, including 10 on the ground
- 2001 - In the largest media market change in North American television history, every single commercial television station in Vancouver, British Columbia switches network affiliations after a round of ownership changes in 2000.
Births
- 1159 - Pope Adrian IV
- 1653 - Johann Pachelbel, German composer (d. 1706)
- 1854 - Engelbert Humperdinck, composer (d. 1921)
- 1875 - Edgar Rice Burroughs, American writer, creator of Tarzan (d. 1950)
- 1887 - Blaise Cendrars, writer (d. 1961)
- 1888 - Andrija Štampar, physician, WHO diplomat (d. 1958)
- 1906 - Joaquin Balaguer, Dominican politician and president
- 1907 - Walter Reuther, labor union leader (d. 1970)
- 1913 - Christian Nyby, director, film editor (d. 1993)
- 1920 - Richard Farnsworth, actor (d. 2000)
- 1921 - Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch writer (d. 1995)
- 1922 - Yvonne De Carlo, actress
- 1922 - Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor (d. 2000)
- 1923 - Rocky Marciano, boxer (d. 1969)
- 1928 - George Maharis, actor
- 1933 - Conway Twitty, country music singer (d. 1993)
- 1933 - Ann W. Richards, Texas politician
- 1935 - Seiji Ozawa, conductor
- 1939 - Lily Tomlin, actress, comedienne
- 1946 - Barry Gibb, singer
- 1949 - P.A. Sangma, Indian politician
- 1952 - Phil Hendrie, radio personality
- 1955 - Billy Blanks, martial arts expert
- 1955 - Bruce Foxton, bassist with The Jam
- 1957 - Gloria Estefan, singer
- 1962 - Ruud Gullit, Dutch football player
- 1966 - Tim Hardaway, American basketball player
- 1985 - Ciara-Camile Roque Velasco, singer
Deaths
- 921 - Richard of Autun, Duke of Burgundy
- 1159 - Pope Adrian IV
- 1574 - Guru Amar Das, Third Sikh Guru
- 1581 - Guru Ram Das, Fourth Sikh Guru/Master
- 1715 - Louis XIV, King of France (after a reign of 72 years)
- 1914 - Martha - the last passenger pigeon
- 1957 - Dennis Brain, French horn player
- 1967 - Ilse Koch, wife of Karl Koch, commandant of the concentration camp Buchenwald
- 1969 - Drew Pearson, newspaper columnist
- 1970 - Francois Mauriac, author
- 1977 - Ethel Waters, singer, actress (b. 1896)
- 1981 - Albert Speer, Nazi official
- 1983 - Henry M. Jackson, former Senator from Washington
- 1989 - A. Bartlett Giamatti, baseball commissioner
Holidays
- In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the new liturgical year begins on September 1.
August 31 - September 2 - August 1 - October 1 - more historical anniversaries
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