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Al Jazeera English

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Al Jazeera English
CountryQatar
NetworkAl Jazeera
HeadquartersDoha, Qatar
Programming
Language(s)English
Ownership
OwnerAl Jazeera Media Network

Al Jazeera English (AJE) is an international 24-hour English-language news and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar. It is the sister channel of the Arabic-language Al Jazeera.

The station broadcasts news features and analysis, documentaries, live debates, current affairs, business, technology and sports. The station claims to be the first global high-definition television network.[1]

Al Jazeera English is the world's first English-language news channel headquartered in the Middle East.[2] The channel aims to provide both a regional voice and a global perspective to a potential world audience of over one billion English speakers who don't have an Anglo-American worldview.[3] Instead of being run under central command, news management rotates around broadcasting centers in Doha and London. Complete news bulletins from Kuala Lumpur stopped on 30 September 2010 and from Washington DC on 28 January 2011. These have been replaced by news from Doha, with news inserts from Kuala Lumpur ending in early 2011 and Washington DC on 15 April 2012. Al Jazeera English is one of the few foreign media outlets to have agencies in Gaza and Harare.

The network's stated objective is "to give voice to untold stories, promote debate, and challenge established perceptions."[4]

Philosophy

Al Jazeera English has stated objectives of emphasizing news from the developing world, of "reversing the North to South flow of information" and of "setting the news agenda" (also the channel's slogan). Some observers, including media scholar Adel Iskandar, have commented that this focus can be seen, in the eyes of Western viewers, as casting Al Jazeera English as a global "alternative" news network, though the entire Al Jazeera brand has been heavily mainstreamed in many parts of the world.[5] Other Al Jazeera English slogans and catchphrases include: "All the News | All the Time", "Fearless Journalism" and "If it's newsworthy, it gets on air, whether it's Bush or Bin Laden". Al Jazeera's Code of Ethics mirrors some of these statements.[6] Award winning Creative teams shaped the English brand identity,[7] the on-air studios and its "EVERY ANGLE | EVERY SIDE" promotional positioning, led by Director of Creative, Morgan Almeida, "to extend the Arabic heritage in a language familiar to diverse global audiences".

Launch and reach

The channel was launched on Wednesday, 15 November 2006 at 12:00 GMT (19:00 WIB). It had aimed to begin global broadcasting in June 2006 but had to postpone its launch because its HDTV technology was not ready.[8][9] The channel was due to be called Al Jazeera International, but the name was changed nine months before the launch because "one of the Qatar-based channel's backers decided that the broadcaster already had an international scope with its original Arabic outlet."[10]

The channel had expected to reach around 40 million households, but it far exceeded that launch target, reaching 80 million homes.[11] As of 2009, Al Jazeera's English-language service can be viewed in every major European market and is available to 130 million homes in over 100 countries via cable and satellite, according to Molly Conroy, a spokeswoman for the network in Washington.[12]

The channel is noted for its poor penetration in the American market, where it is carried by only one satellite service and a small number of cable networks.[13] Al Jazeera English has begun a campaign to enter the North American market, including a dedicated website.[14] It became available to some cable subscribers in New York in August 2011, having previously been available as an option for some viewers in Washington DC, Ohio and Los Angeles.[15] It is readily available on most major Canadian television providers including Rogers and Bell TV after the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission approved the channel for distribution in Canada on 26 November 2009.[16][17]

Al Jazeera English and Iran's state-run Press TV were the only international English-language television broadcasters with journalists reporting from inside both Gaza and Israel during the 2008–2009 Israel-Gaza conflict. Foreign press access to Gaza has been limited via either Egypt or Israel. However, Al Jazeera's reporters Ayman Mohyeldin and Sherine Tadros were already inside Gaza when the conflict began and the network's coverage was often compared to CNN's initial coverage from inside Baghdad in the early days of the 1991 Gulf War.[18][19][20]

The channel may also be viewed online. It recommends online viewing either via Livestation, a free software (live, high quality), at its own website[21] (live, low quality), or at its channel on YouTube.[22] Although Al Jazeera English is produced in High Definition (HD), the output is converted to 14:9 SD similar to BBC World.[23] Programs are shown on the Al Jazeera English YouTube channel in their original 16:9 format.

Al Jazeera America

On 3 January 2013, Al Jazeera Media Network announced that it had purchased Current TV in the United States and would be launching an American news channel. 60% of the channel's programming would be produced in America while 40% would be from Al Jazeera English.[24][25][26][27] That was later changed at the request of the cable and satellite providers to almost 100% American programing.[28]

Programmes

Current programmes on the channel are:[29][30] In addition to those listed below, Al Jazeera English runs various programmes that are either entirely non-recurrent or consist of just a limited number of parts (miniseries format known as special series). All programmes, including former shows are shown in their entirety on Al Jazeera's website and YouTube.

  • News:
    • World news live from Al Jazeera's Doha broadcast centre
    • World news live from Al Jazeera's London broadcast centre
    • Newshour – an hour of world news and sport hosted from both of Al Jazeera's broadcast centres, sometimes linked together live: 02:00GMT edition from Doha; 10:00GMT edition from Doha; 13:00GMT edition from Doha; 15:00GMT edition from Doha/London; 18:00GMT edition from Doha/London; 21:00GMT edition from London; 23:00GMT edition from Doha
    • News headlines are broadcast generally every half hour
  • People & Power – biweekly programme hosted by Dr Shereen El Feki, Juliana Ruhfus and Sapna Bhatia. In April 2007, Samah El-Shahat replaced Shereen El Feki as the main host of the program. "People & Power is about power in the 21st century – who has it, who wants it and how it is being used – and abused"
  • The Stream – a programme focusing on social media hosted by Femi Oke and Malika Bilal, on air every Monday to Thursday
  • Witness a daily presentation of short documentaries
  • Al Jazeera World – a series of one-hour documentaries showcasing films from across the Al Jazeera Network
  • Earthrise- stylized as "earthrise", "earthrise explores solutions to today's environmental challenges, taking an upbeat look at ecological, scientific, technological and design projects the world over"
  • The Fabulous Picture Show – hosted by Amanda Palmer, offers some interviews and reports on movies, actor and directors
  • South2North - No subject is off limits in this global talk show hosted from Africa as Redi Tlhabi talks frankly to inspiring & intriguing personalities from across the world[33]
  • Al Jazeera Correspondent - Al Jazeera reveals the passion, experience and insight of its journalists as they explore the events and stories they have experienced or reported on
  • Talk to Al Jazeera - Al Jazeera interviews the people making the headlines
  • Activate - Telling the stories of activists around the world as they challenge authority and stand up for what they believe in
  • Artscape - Artscape gives expression to the creative forces behind many of the world's headline stories

Former programmes

These include programmes that have not had a new episode announced since 2011.

  • 48 - weekly show hosted by Teymoor Nabili; Asian politics, business and current affairs
  • Everywoman - hosted by Shiulie Ghosh; "Everywoman is the first show of its kind from the Middle East to put women’s issues at its core. Its strong stories with universal appeal ensure that this will be compelling viewing for men and women alike"
  • News Review - Al Jazeera English reviews/recaps the news of the day
  • Riz Khan - daily (Mon-Thu) viewer participation show hosted by Riz Khan. Similar to CNN's Larry King Live
    • Riz Khan One on One - Riz Khan sits down with a single guest for an extended interview
  • Africa Investigates - African journalists risk their lives in order to reveal the truth about corruption and abuse across the continent
  • Sportsworld - a daily sports programme hosted, on rotation, by members of Al Jazeera's sports team

International bureaus

In addition to its four main broadcast centres, Al Jazeera English has 21 supporting bureaus around the world which gather and produce news. It also shares resources with its Arabic-language sister channel's 42 bureaus and is planning to add further bureaus, to be announced as they open.[34] After it began broadcasting in Canada in May 2010, the network announced plans to open a Canadian bureau office in June 2010 in Toronto.[35][36] This is a significant difference from the present trend.

"The mainstream American networks have cut their bureaus to the bone.... They’re basically only in London now. Even CNN has pulled back. I remember in the '80s when I covered these events there would be a truckload of American journalists and crews and editors and now Al Jazeera outnumbers them all.... That's where, in the absence of alternatives, Al Jazeera English can fill a vacuum, simply because we’re going in the opposite direction."
-Tony Burman, Former Managing Director, AJE (quoted in Adbusters)[37]

Also Al Jazeera presenters can alternate between broadcast centres. Al Jazeera also shares English-speaking correspondents with Al Jazeera Arabic and Al Jazeera Balkans, and vice versa.

Doha broadcast studio in use, November 2011

Middle East

Broadcast Centre: Doha (map – Google)
Anchors: Dareen Abu Ghaida, Emike Umolu, Folly Bah Thibault, Nick Clark, Stephen Cole, Jane Dutton, Ghida Fakhry, Kevin Corriveau, David Foster, Shiulie Ghosh, Darren Jordon, Tony Harris, Divya Gopalan, Laura Kyle, Teymoor Nabili, Sohail Rahman, Kamahl Santamaria, Sami Zeidan, Shakuntala Santhiran
Correspondents: Hoda Abdel-Hamid, Hashem Ahelbarra, James Bays, Clayton Swisher, Sherine Tadros, Nadim Baba in Gaza, Imran Khan, Mike Hanna, Anita McNaught, Nicole Johnston, Rawya Rageh, Sana Hamouche, Gerald Tan, Dorothy Parvaz, Stefanie Dekker, Tony Birtley, Sue Turton, Casey Kauffman

Bureaus and correspondents
Beirut: Rula Amin
Gaza: Sherine Tadros
Ramallah: Nour Odeh
Tehran: Alireza Ronaghi
Baghdad: Jane Arraf

Africa

Bureaus: Cairo, Abidjan, Nairobi, Johannesburg, Harare
Correspondents: Redi Tlhabi, Amr El Kahky, Haru Mutasa, Mohammed Adow, Mohamad Vall, Yvonne Ndege, Andrew Simmons, Harriet Martin, Peter Greste

Al Jazeera English studio control room, London

Europe

Broadcast Centre: London (map – Google)
Anchors: Adrian Finighan, Felicity Barr, Barbara Serra, Lauren Taylor, Julie MacDonald, Maryam Nemazee
Correspondents: Alan Fisher, Tim Friend, Laurence Lee, Nazanine Moshiri, Tania Paige, Barnaby Phillips, Charles Stratford, Akhtam Suliman, Lee Wellings

Bureaus and correspondents:
Moscow:
Paris: Jacky Rowland
Rome: Claudio Lavanga
Berlin: Nick Spicer
Athens: John Psaropoulos

The Americas

Bureaus and Correspondents:
Bogota: Monica Villamizar
Buenos Aires: Lucia Newman, Theresa Bo
Caracas: Mariana Sanchez and Lucrecia Franco
New York: Kristen Saloomey, John Terret, Cath Turner (United Nations)
Washington D.C.: Patty Culhane, Rosiland Jordan, Shihab Rattansi
Mexico City: Franc Contreras
São Paulo: Gabriel Elizondo
Toronto: Imtiaz Tyab
Los Angeles: Rob Reynolds

Asia

Correspondents: Wayne Hay, Robin Forestier-Walker
Bureaux and correspondents
Islamabad (Pakistan): Kamal Hyder
Jakarta (Indonesia): Step Vaessen
Dhaka (Bangladesh): Nicolas Haque
New Delhi (India): Prerna Suri
Manila (Philippines): Marga Ortigas
Kabul (Afghanistan): Steve Chao

Al Jazeera English's longtime China correspondent Melissa Chan was expelled from the country in 2012. The Chinese government did not provide any public reasons but was known to have been unhappy over a documentary the channel had aired on China's prison system.[38][39][40] On 8 May 2012, reporters from the Beijing press corps asked about the expulsion at the Chinese Foreign Ministry's daily press briefing. Officials did not provide an explanation, and censored most of the questions when they published their official transcript.[41]

Staff

Current

Presenters and correspondents who have joined the channel include[42] (previous employers in brackets):

Former presenters and correspondents

Presenters and correspondents who have left Al-Jazeera English include: Template:Multicol

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Recruitment

Veteran British broadcaster David Frost joined Al Jazeera English in 2005[43] to host his show Frost Over the World.

Former BBC and CNN anchor Riz Khan, who previously had been the host of the CNN talk show Q&A, also joined. He hosts his shows Riz Khan and Riz Khan's One on One.

Former U.S. Marine Josh Rushing joined Al Jazeera in September 2005.[44] He had been the press officer for the United States Central Command during the 2003 Invasion of Iraq, and in that role had been featured in the documentary Control Room. When subsequently joining Al Jazeera, Rushing commented that "In a time when American media has become so nationalized, I'm excited about joining an organization that truly wants to be a source of global information...."[45] Rushing works from the Washington DC broadcasting centre.

Former CNN and BBC news anchorwoman and award winning journalist Veronica Pedrosa also joined the team,[46] along with CNN producer James Wright, and Kieran Baker, a former editor and producer for CNN, who had been Acting General Manager, Communications and Public Participation for ICANN. On 2 December 2005, Stephen Cole, a senior anchor on BBC World and Click Online presenter, announced he was joining Al Jazeera International.[47]

The network announced on 12 January 2006 that former Nightline correspondent Dave Marash would be the co-anchor from their Washington studio. Marash described his new position as "the most interesting job on Earth."[48] On 6 February 2006, it was announced that the former BBC reporter Rageh Omaar would host the daily weeknights documentary series, Witness.[49]

The managing director for Al Jazeera English was previously Tony Burman, who replaced Nigel Parsons in May 2008.[50]

Availability

The channel is available in many countries,[51] mostly via satellite, sometimes via cable. The channel is also available online.[52] Al Jazeera English provides a free HD stream on its website for unlimited viewing.[21] It is available for free worldwide. They also provide a free stream on their YouTube page.[22] It can also be streamed in lower quality live worldwide for free through Livestation. Previously, before Al Jazeera provided an official stream, a low quality RealVideo stream was available for viewing. Al Jazeera news segments are frequently included on the American public television program Worldfocus. Al Jazeera can also be streamed on any iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch with a 3G or wifi connection using a free application.

Along with a free unlimited high-quality stream on the official Al Jazeera English website, Online subscriptions allowing unlimited viewing may be purchased from Jump TV,[53] RealPlayer,[54] and VDC.[55] Headlines from Al-Jazeera English are available on Twitter.[56]

Al Jazeera English's website also contains news reports and full episodes of their programs that can be viewed for free on their website. The videos are hosted by YouTube, where viewers can also go to find the videos.[57][58]

Al Jazeera English is available in the UK and Ireland on Freeview channel 83, Sky channel 514, Freesat channel 203 and Virgin Media channel 622.

On 26 November 2009, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission approved "a request to add Al Jazeera English (AJE) to the lists of eligible satellite services for distribution on a digital basis and amends the lists of eligible satellite services accordingly."[16][17] Al Jazeera English became available on Rogers Cable, Videotron and Bell TV on 4 May 2010.[35]

In New Zealand, Triangle TV re-broadcasts various Al Jazeera programmes in Auckland on free-to-air UHF channel. TV One will start playing it 01:30 to 06:00 from 1 April 2013.

In April 2010, Al Jazeera English was taken off air in mio TV Singapore with unspecified reasons, according to the official Al Jazeera English website.

The channel initially began test streaming Al Jazeera English (then called "Al Jazeera International") in March 2006 on Hot Bird, Astra 1E, Hispasat, AsiaSat3S, Eutelsat 28A and Panamsat PAS 10. Telenors Thor, Türksat and Eutelsat 25A were added to the satellites carrying it. Eutelsat 28A carried the test stream on frequency 11.681 under the name "AJI".

On 7 December 2010, Al Jazeera said its English language service has got a downlink license to broadcast in India. Satellite and cable companies would therefore be allowed to broadcast Al Jazeera in the country.[59] The channel launched on Dish TV in November 2011,[60] and is considering a Hindi-language channel.[61]

United States

Al Jazeera English's coverage of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution led to calls for the channel to be aired in the U.S.

Al Jazeera English is available via satellite across all of North America free to air via GlobeCast World TV on Galaxy 19 on the Ku band in DVB format. As of 2011, only a small number of Americans were able to watch the channel on their televisions.[62] Among the markets where it was available was were Bristol County, Rhode Island, Toledo and Sandusky, Ohio, Burlington, Vermont, Houston, Texas, and Washington, DC.[63] Industry giant Comcast originally planned to carry Al Jazeera English in 2007, but reversed its decision shortly before the channel's launch, citing "the already-saturated television market".[64] The two major American satellite providers, DirecTV and Dish Network, had similar plans but also changed their minds, with speculation that the decision may have been influenced by allegations by the Bush administration of "anti-American bias" in the channel.[65]

With Al Jazeera's coverage of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution, the channel drew acclaim and received renewed attention. The New York Times reported on 1 February 2011 that 1.6 million U.S. viewers had tuned in via Internet stream, and stated that new discussions were underway with carriers.[66] The following month, it was announced that Al Jazeera entered carriage negotiations with Comcast and Time Warner Cable.[67] Salon.com described the channel's English-language coverage as "mandatory viewing for anyone interested in the world-changing events currently happening in Egypt",[68] while Huffington Post contributor Jeff Jarvis claimed it was "un-American" for operators to not carry the network.[69] When Al Jazeera covered the Libyan civil war, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton noted an increasing American audience for the network, saying that "viewership of Al Jazeera is going up in the United States because it’s real news. You may not agree with it, but you feel like you’re getting real news around the clock instead of a million commercials and—you know—arguments between talking heads and the kind of stuff that we do on our news which—you know—is not particularly informative to us, let alone foreigners."[70]

On 1 February 2011, Internet appliance Roku posted on its Facebook page that the English-Language Al Jazeera Live would be streaming on Roku devices through a private channel called Newscaster and also through the BBC channel. It permitted the announcement following unrest in Egypt so American viewers can watch the latest events going on in the Middle East. A Roku user must add the private channel Newscaster from the Roku website.[71]

On 1 August 2011, Al Jazeera English began airing 23 hours a day in New York City as part of a sublet agreement with cable channel RISE, a former Spanish-language network, which is carried on WRNN-TV's DT2 subchannel (the other hours are used to meet FCC E/I and local programming guidelines). The network airs on Time Warner Cable on channel 92 and on Verizon FiOS on channel 481.[72]

On 2 January 2013, Al Jazeera announced that it had acquired the U.S.-based cable TV channel Current TV for a reported $500 million. With this acquisition, Al Jazeera will launch a new channel, to be called Al Jazeera America, with a heavy dose of U.S. domestic news, to an estimated 40 million U.S. households—putting it in direct competition with CNN, MSNBC and Fox News Channel.

Due to contracts with U.S. cable and satellite carriers for Al Jazeera America the Al Jazeera English live stream was blocked in the United States on August 18th, 2013. And with the launch of Al Jazeera America, Al Jazeera English was pulled from all US services carrying or providing the channel and is no longer available in the United States.

Criticism

As with Al Jazeera's Arabic counterpart, the network has received criticism from having bias from several sides.

Anti-American bias

Al-Jazeera English has frequently been criticized for having an anti-American bias, although some commentators[who?] have asserted that this has been lessening over time.

Emmy award winning journalist Dave Marash, who served as a veteran correspondent for ABC's Nightline, resigned from his position as Washington anchor for Al Jazeera English in 2008. Marash cited "reflexive adversarial editorial stance" against Americans and "anti-American bias".[73][74]

It is often unclear whether recent discussions of anti-American bias at Al Jazeera are referring also to Al Jazeera English or only to Al Jazeera's Arabic-language channel. There are significant differences in tone between the English and Arabic-language channels. (According to bilingual Palestinian journalist Daoud Kuttab, "The English channel uses more neutral terminology; the Arab channel is much harsher.")[75] An example of this is a 2011 claim by Bill O'Reilly that Al Jazeera is "anti-Semitic" and "anti-American" and a subsequent defense of Al Jazeera against these claims made by former Al Jazeera English anchor Dave Marash on the O'Reilly Factor.[75][76] Another example concerns statements by former US Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, who in April 2004 denounced Al-Jazeera's Arabic-language coverage of the Iraq War as "vicious, inaccurate and inexcusable," but took a more conciliatory tone in a 2011 interview for Frost Over The World, Al Jazeera English's news and public affairs program hosted by David Frost, praising the network as "an important means of communication in the world."[77]

On 12 October 2008, Al Jazeera English broadcast interviews with people attending a Sarah Palin United States presidential election rally in St. Clairsville, Ohio, with interviewees making comments about Barack Obama such as "he regards white people as trash" and "I'm afraid if he wins, the blacks will take over". The report received over 2 million views on YouTube[78] Following this the Washington Post ran an op-ed,[79] claiming the news channel was deliberately encouraging "anti-American sentiment overseas",[79] which was criticized by Al Jazeera as "a gratuitous and uninformed shot at Al Jazeera's motives", as the report was just one of "hundreds of hours of diverse coverage".[80] Criticism of an Anti-American bias has been dwindling as their coverage of the Arab Spring received wide acclaim and calls for the network to be added to U.S. television.[81]

Subsequent endeavours have been seen as tests by Al Jazeera to see whether it can get rid of the hostility Americans feel toward it. One example was a day's worth of special coverage marking the 10th anniversary of the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001.[82] Al Jazeera has also launched The Stream, a show based in Washington D.C. that discusses social media, which targets an American audience.[83][84] On 2 January 2013, Al Jazeera purchased the American channel Current TV and rebranded as Al Jazeera America in August 2013.[26]

Awards

2006

  • Association of International Broadcasters, Best Magazine or Documentary Programme, Abdallah el-Binni's "Prisoner 345"

2007

  • Asian Television Awards, Best News Report, Kylie Grey’s "Agent Orange"
  • Association of International Broadcasters, Editors Award, "Everywoman"

2008

  • Foreign Press Association, News Story of the Year by a full member, Jonah Hull's "Russia-Georgia War"
  • Association of International Broadcasters Editors Award, Sami Al Haj, suffering endured and courage shown
  • Amnesty International Media Awards Best International TV Documentary, Tony Birtley's "The Lost Tribe - Secret Army of the CIA"
  • YouTube European Partners Awards, Community Champion Award, Al Jazeera Network
  • The Golden Nymph Award for Best 24-Hour News Program at the Monte-Carlo Television Festival. The jurors singled out Nour Odeh, Al Jazeera's Gaza correspondent, for her bravery in reporting from the Gaza Strip. The station also received nominations in several other news categories, for example the Best News Documentary award for the report Inside Myanmar – The Crackdown[85]
  • CONCENTRA Award (2008), Breaking News, Tony Birtley’s "Inside Myanmar - The Crackdown"
  • Royal Television Society Journalism Awards, Young Journalist of the Year, Hamish Macdonald
  • Asian Television Awards, Best Current Affairs Programme, Tony Birtley’s "Inside Myanmar - The Crackdown"

2009

  • International Emmy Awards Nomination, Finalist in Documentary Category, "Shooting the Messenger"
  • International Emmy Awards Nomination, Finalist in News and Current Affairs, "Russia-Georgia War" and Witness’s "Return to Nablus"
  • Concentra Award for Breaking News, "Up the Irrawaddy Delta"
  • International Digital Emmy Award nominee non-fiction, 2008 US election special

2010

  • Association of International Broadcasters, Clearest Coverage of a Single News Event
  • Freesat Award, Best News Channel of the Year
  • Monte-Carlo TV Festival, Best Television News Item, "Mexico in the Crossfire"
  • Amnesty International Award, International Television and Radio Award, People and Power
  • CONCENTRA Award for Breaking News, Casey Kauffman’s "Baby Feras"

2011

  • Rory Peck Award, Best Feature, "Libya: Through the Fire"
  • Foreign Press Association, Documentary of the Year, "Bahrain: Shouting in the Dark"
  • Huffington Post Ultimate Media Gamechanger Award
  • Freesat Award, Best News Channel of the Year
  • Freesat Award, Coverage of a Single News Event, Al Jazeera’s Arab Awakening coverage
  • Arab British Culture and Society Award
  • Wincott Award for Best Television Coverage of a Business Issue, "Nablus: The Business of Occupation"
  • Columbia University Journalism Award
  • Promax Arabia Awards, Gold, Best in House Station Image
  • Promax Arabia Awards, Gold, Best Promo Campaign
  • Promax Arabia Awards, Gold, "Counting the Cost"
  • TIME magazine, Top 100 most influential people, Ayman Mohyeldin
  • Fast Company magazine, Most creative thinker of the year, Wadah Khanfar

2012

See also

Competitors

Further reading

  • Abdul-Mageed, MM, (2008) TripleC: Cognition, Communication, Co-operation, 6(2), 59–76 Online News Sites and Journalism 2.0: Reader Comments on Al Jazeera Arabic Muhammad Abdul-Mageed, 10 April 2009
  • Abdul-Mageed, MM, and Herring, SC, (2008) In: F. Sudweeks, H. Hrachovec, and C. Ess (Eds.), Proceedings of Cultural Attitudes Towards Technology and Communication 2008 (CATaC'08), Nîmes, France, 24–27 June Arabic and English News Coverage on Al Jazeera.NET Muhammad Abdul-Mageed, 10 March 2008
  • Tatham Steve (2006), Losing Arab Hearts & Minds: The Coalition, Al-Jazeera & Muslim Public Opinion. Hurst & Co (UK), Front Street Press (US)

References

  1. ^ Al Jazeera International Commissioning
  2. ^ "Al-Jazeera Says Its English-Language News Channel Will Launch November 15"[dead link] The Post-Star, 1 November 2006
  3. ^ Linda Tischler, "Al Jazeera's (Global) Mission", Fast Company, 1 April 2006
  4. ^ Corporate Profile Al Jazeera English, 5 December 2010
  5. ^ Adel Iskandar, "Is Al Jazeera Alternative? Mainstreaming Alterity and Assimilating Discourses of Dissent", Transnational Broadcasting Studies Journal, 2005
  6. ^ Code of Ethics[dead link] Al Jazeera English
  7. ^ "Al Jazeera English wins creative awards", MediaME,1 April 2007
  8. ^ "Al Jazeera International targets June launch", The Star, Kuala Lumpur, 12 April 2006
  9. ^ "The Challenges of Working at Al-Jazeera", National Public Radio, Talk of the Nation, 26 June 2006
  10. ^ Leigh Holmwood, "Al-Jazeera Renames English-Language Channel", MediaGuardian, 14 November 2006
  11. ^ "Al-Jazeera English hits airwaves", BBC News, 15 November 2006
  12. ^ Noam Cohen, Al Jazeera provides an inside look at Gaza conflict, The New York Times, 1 January 2009
  13. ^ "Al-Jazeera English Struggles For U.S. Audience", National Public Radio, 24 February 2009
  14. ^ Demand Al Jazeera, Al Jazeera English
  15. ^ "Al Jazeera English launches on New York cable". The Spy Report. 2 August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  16. ^ a b "Broadcasting Regulatory Policy CRTC 2009-725: Addition of Al Jazeera English to the lists of eligible satellite services for distribution on a digital basis". Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. 26 November 2009. Archived from the original on 29 November 2009. Retrieved 26 November 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ a b DeMara, Bruce (26 November 2009). "Al Jazeera in Canada on Brink of Approval". Toronto Star. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
  18. ^ "Al-Jazeera becomes the face of the frontline", Financial Times, 13 January 2009
  19. ^ "Israel pushes further into Gaza", Al Jazeera, 13 January 2009
  20. ^ Ahmed Shihab-Eldin, "Al Jazeera English Beats Israel's Ban on Reporters in Gaza with Exclusive Coverage" The Huffington Post, 5 January 2009
  21. ^ a b Al Jazeera English: Live Stream Al Jazeera English
  22. ^ a b Al Jazeera English's Channel YouTube
  23. ^ "BBC World News goes widescreen". YouTube. 13 January 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
  24. ^ Al Jazeera buys Al Gore's Current TV CNN.com, 3 January 2013
  25. ^ Al Jazeera buys Current TV in bid for US airtime RT USA, 3 January 2013
  26. ^ a b "Al Jazeera buys US channel Current TV". Al Jazeera. 2 January 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
  27. ^ Al Jazeera targets US expansion after buying Current TV BBC News, 3 January 2013
  28. ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/27/business/media/american-al-jazeera-channel-shifs-focus-to-us-news.html?_r=0
  29. ^ Programmes Al Jazeera English
  30. ^ Programme Schedule Al Jazeera English
  31. ^ Counting the Cost Al Jazeera English
  32. ^ About Empire Al Jazeera English
  33. ^ South 2 North Al Jazeera English
  34. ^ Al Jazeera International reveals global line-up of bureaus AMEInfo.com, 10 October 2006
  35. ^ a b DeMara, Bruce (4 May 2010). "Al Jazeera English on the air in Canada". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 8 May 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2010. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ Guill, Greg (23 May 2010). "Al Jazeera – the world through a new lens". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 26 May 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2010. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  37. ^ Broadcaster of the Year Adbusters, 7 January 2010
  38. ^ "Slavery: A 21st Century Evil" Al Jazeera English 25 March 2012
  39. ^ Michael Wines (7 May 2012). "China Expels Al Jazeera Channel". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
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