Milan Malpensa Airport
Milan Malpensa Airport "City of Milan" Aeroporto di Milano-Malpensa "Città di Milano" | |||||||||||||||
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Summary | |||||||||||||||
Airport type | Public | ||||||||||||||
Operator | SEA Aeroporti di Milano | ||||||||||||||
Serves | Milan | ||||||||||||||
Location | Somma Lombardo, Italy | ||||||||||||||
Hub for | |||||||||||||||
Focus city for | |||||||||||||||
Elevation AMSL | 768 ft / 234 m | ||||||||||||||
Website | www.milanomalpensa.eu | ||||||||||||||
Map | |||||||||||||||
Runways | |||||||||||||||
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Statistics (2012) | |||||||||||||||
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Milano Malpensa Airport (IATA: MXP, ICAO: LIMC), also named City of Milan Airport, former City of Busto Arsizio Airport[3][4] is the largest airport of Milan, northern Italy. The first industrial airport was opened in 1909 by Giovanni Agusta and Gianni Caproni to test their prototypes, near the Cascina Malpensa, an old farm. The civil flight airport was then opened in 1948, during war reconstruction, to serve the northern area of Milan. Until recently, it was a major hub for Alitalia, but now serves as a hub for long-haul flights and low cost carriers. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest[5] of central Milan, Italy. It is one of 3 airports in the Milan metropolitan area.
The airport is in the Province of Varese, within the communes of Cardano al Campo, Somma Lombardo, Casorate Sempione, Ferno, Lonate Pozzolo, Samarate, and Vizzola Ticino.[citation needed]. The Milan airport system has a third international airport, Orio al Serio Airport, which serves low-cost traffic.[citation needed]
Malpensa was the 21st busiest airport in Europe in terms of passengers, handling 18,947,808 passengers in 2010[2] and 18,537,301 in 2012.[2] As of early 2008, Malpensa remains the top Italian airport in terms of international traffic, together with Rome Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport in terms of total passengers. As far as hub transit passengers are concerned it is also the second airport in Italy after Rome, according to ASSAEROPORTI traffic data. It is also the leading air freight gateway to Italy. Malpensa serves a population of over 15 million inhabitants.
EasyJet has a dedicated Terminal (T2) and Malpensa is the company's biggest base outside the United Kingdom.
In 2008 Lufthansa announced plans to create its first Hub outside Germany, and its fourth European hub, at Milan Malpensa airport.[6] In October 2008, Lufthansa set up its Italian division, Lufthansa Italia. Operations commenced on 2 February 2009, and ceased on October 30, 2011 as Lufthansa abandoned plans to create a hub at Malpensa airport.
Malpensa has two terminals and a third runway has been announced, with construction to commence in 2014 and finish in 2017. There is also a dedicated cargo terminal called "CargoCity", which currently handles over 410,000 tons of yearly traffic.
History
The airfield has been associated with aviation for more than 100 years. It all began on 27 May 1910 when the Caproni brothers flew their first "flying machine", the Cal biplane, from what was little more than a field. In the years that followed, many prototypes took-off from here and eventually a more formal airfield was established. Both Gianni Caproni and Giovanni Agusta established factories on the new site, and it quickly developed into the largest aircraft production centre in Italy. During the 1920s and 1930s, the airfield hosted two squadrons of the Regia Aeronautica Italiana (Italian Air Force). In September 1943, Malpensa airfield was taken over by the Luftwaffe. Soon after their arrival the Germans laid the airfield’s first concrete runway. After the cessation of hostilities, manufacturers and politicians of the Milan and Varese regions, led by banker Benigno Ajroldi of Banca Alto Milanese, restored the airfield with the aim of making it an industrial fulcrum for post-war recovery. The main runway, which was heavily damaged by German troops as they retreated from northern Italy, was rebuilt and extended to 1,800m and a small wooden terminal was constructed to protect goods and passengers from the weather.
After World War II
Malpensa Airport official opening to commercial traffic took place on 21 November 1948 as "Aeroporto Cittadi Busto Arsizio", although Belgian national flag carrier Sabena had started flying to Brussels from here a year earlier. On 2 February 1950 Trans World Airlines (TWA) became the first company to fly long-haul flights from Malpensa, using Lockheed Constellation on services to New York/Idlewild Airport. A change of ownership occurred in 1952 when the Municipality of Milan took control of the airport’s operator, the "Societa Aeroporto di Busto Arsizio", and changed its name to "Societa Esercizi Aeroportuali SpA" (SEA). Once in full control, SEA decided to develop Malpensa as an international and intercontinental gateway, while Milan’s other airport, Linate Airport, was tasked with handling domestic services only. Between 1958 and 1962 a new terminal was constructed at Malpensa and the facility’s two parallel runways were extended to3,915m in length, becoming the longest in Europe at that time.
By the beginning of the 1960s, major European carriers such as British Airways, Air France, Lufthansa and Alitalia had moved the majority of their services to Linate Airport, which was just 11km from Milan’s city centre, making it much easier to reach for passengers. This left Malpensa with just a handful of intercontinental links, charter flights and cargo operations. It was the beginning of a period of good fortune for the city facility while Malpensa suffered a decline in commercial traffic, with passenger numbers dropping from 525,000 in 1960 to just 331,000 by 1965. It was destined to play second fiddle to Linate Airport for another 20 years.
By the mid-1980s Linate Airport was handling seven million passengers per year and, with only a short single runway and limited parking slots, it had reached saturation point. With no land available for expansion, an alternative solution was sought. "Societa Esercizi Aeroportuali SpA" (SEA) quickly found that developing Malpensa was the only practical alternative. By the end of 1985, a law had been passed by the Italian Parliament that paved the way for the reorganisation of the Milan airport system. Malpensa was designated as the centre for all air services covering northern Italy, while Linate Airport was downgraded to a domestic and short-haul facility. "Malpensa 2000", as the plan was called, included the construction of a new terminal as well as developing fast and efficient connections to Milan’s city centre. The European Union recognised the project as one of the 14 “essential to the development of the Union” and provided €200 million to help finance the work. Construction started in November 1990, with Milan’s state-of-the-art airport was opened eight years later.
Alitalia Moves In
During the night of October 24/25 1998 Alitalia moved the majority of its fleet from Rome-Fiumicino – where it had flown from for over 50 years – to Malpensa Airport, which then started a new lease of life as the Italian flag carrier’s main hub. Alitalia added up to 488 movements and 42,000 passengers a day at the facility which, by the end of that year, had handled 5,92 million passengers, an increase of more than two million over the previous year’s figure. In 1999 it recorded a spectacular leap to 16,97 million and by 2007 numbers had reached 23,9 million. Efficient rail links to and from the airport from two different stations in Milan (Centrale and Cadorna) ensured easy access while the nearby A8 motorway had an extra lane added in each direction to help speed-up traffic into and out of the city centre.
Malpensa Airport had firmly established itself as one of Italy’s leading facilities, but it wasn’t standing still. A new development plan was launched by "Societa Esercizi Aeroportuali SpA" (SEA), valued at €1.4 billion, which included a third pier for Terminal 1 and the construction of a third runway. However, this was not enough to keep the national carrier happy. In a decision that shocked the population of northern Italy, Alitalia announced that it was moving its hub operations back to Rome/Fiumicino with immediate effect. Many Milanese believed the Italian carrier had betrayed them with its decision – but the airline countered by saying it was forced to move due to the high operating costs at Malpensa. Alitalia didn’t pull out of Milan entirely; it continued to fly several domestic and European services from here as well as three intercontinental flights (to New York, Tokyo and Sao Paulo). But the airport lost around 20% of its daily movements, a decrease from 700 to 550, which resulted in only 19,2 million passengers passing through its doors during 2008. It continued to suffer during 2009, the international financial crisis and higher fuel prices meaning passenger figures fell below those set in 1997, with only 17,6 million people using the facility. For "Societa Esercizi Aeroportuali SpA" (SEA), Alitalia’s move came as a complete shock. But after a summer of coming to terms with the reality of the withdrawal, the publicly-owned group (its major shareholder is the municipality of Milan) decided to launch an all-out publicity programme, aggressively marketing the airport and its capabilities around the world. This campaign was deemed a success (in the face of Alitalia’s departure): in the three years after spring 2008, a total of 34 new passenger and cargo airlines started flying to and from the airport – including low-cost carrier easyJet, which has made Malpensa its most important base after London-Gatwick with a total of 17 of its fleet of Airbus A319s based here. The airline currently flies services to 43 destinations across Italy and Europe.[7]
Ground handling
Ground handling services have been slowly deregulated and have seen SEA (the airport authority) create SEA Handling and the arrival of private handler ATA Handling. ATA Handling provides all services apart from bus transport to/from aircraft (originally subcontracted to SEA Handling, now subcontracted to Air Pullman) and disabled assistance. Up to 2001 all ground handling services were provided by SEA and TWA. In the first few years of deregulation some airlines put their own staff for customer assistance but Air One and British Airways realised that it was too expensive and so dismissed them. United Airlines stopped flying to Malpensa. To date the only airline with its own check-in staff remains KLM. Passenger handling is provided by SEA Handling, ATA Handling, Aviapartner, Globeground Italia and ICTS Italia. Ramp services are provided by SEA Handling, ATA and recently Aviapartner. SEA Handling provides 80% of ramp services mostly thanks to its major customer Alitalia.
In May 2006, Italy's Civil Aviation Authority took off the limitation of two ramp handlers. Aviapartner and ARE Group announced that they would create a new company called Aviapartner (owned 51% by Aviapartner and 49% ARE Group) to serve Milan Malpensa and Rome Fiumicino. .
Aviapartner has started operating serving Iberia flights and signing more contracts as time has gone on. However, SEA Handling maintains a dominant position and is reorganising itself to be more competitive by going from a monopolistic mentality to a free market one.
Security services
Airport security services were transferred in 2000 from the Polizia di Stato (State Police) to SEA which created an internal division called SEA Airport Security. Up to 2002, SEA was assisted by IVRI in providing security services but the contract was not renewed. SEA Airport Security is supervised by Polizia di Stato (Italian State Police), Guardia di Finanza (Italian Military Customs Police) and Ente Nazionale Aviazione Civile (Italy's Civil Aviation Authority). Carabinieri supervise ramp entrance. Furthermore some airlines rely on private security companies (such as ICTS Italia, SEA Airport Security, Gruppo Sicurezza etc.) to provide ID check and airplane guarding.
Terminals
Malpensa has two terminals:
- Terminal 1
Is divided into three sections:
- 1A, which handles domestic and intra-Schengen flights
- 1B, which handles non-Schengen and some intercontinental flights
- 1C, which handles non-Schengen and some intercontinental flights, opened in January 2013
- Volareweb.com, when it existed, had its head office in the Area Tecnica Sud, in Terminal 1 and in Ferno[8]
- Terminal 2
- is used by Low Cost Carriers (currently only EasyJet). Previously Terminal 2 was also used for charter services. Charter flights are now operated from Terminal 1.
Airlines and destinations
Scheduled
Charter
Cargo
Traffic and statistics
Rank | City | Passengers 2012 | Passengers 2011 | Passenger 2010 | Passenger 2009 | Passenger 2008 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Catania, Italy | 668.530 | 725.773 | 544.328 | 438.513 | 328.122 |
2 | Naples, Italy | 640.752 | 702.984 | 703.031 | 572.753 | 495.607 |
3 | Rome, Italy | 600.620 | 674.836 | 683.031 | 671.396 | 533.845 |
4 | Palermo, Italy | 369.836 | 455.657 | 468.362 | 396.283 | 438.164 |
5 | Bari, Italy | 292.978 | 342.553 | 372.863 | 368.909 | 276.168 |
6 | Lamezia Terme, Italy | 284.536 | 285.515 | 256.948 | 130.760 | 152.422 |
7 | Olbia, Italy | 282.248 | 233.096 | 192.862 | 170.712 | 141.253 |
8 | Brindisi, Italy | 167.389 | 184.847 | 156.335 | 100.003 | 114.706 |
9 | Cagliari, Italy | 127.540 | 124.362 | 112.416 | - | 157.119 |
Rank | City | Passengers 2012 | Passengers 2011 | Passengers 2010 | Passenger 2009 | Passenger 2008 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Madrid, Spain | 643.280 | 560.443 | 624.290 | 581.580 | 713.8551 |
2 | Barcelona, Spain | 588.214 | 609.832 | 564.628 | 543.512 | 485.016 |
3 | Paris-CDG, France | 550.409 | 856.817 | 922.702 | 998.271 | 876.087 |
4 | London, United Kingdom | 542.790 | 359.574 | 335.273 | 314.771 | 316.521 |
5 | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 403.142 | 549.023 | 558.481 | 562.836 | 656.953 |
6 | Munich, Germany | 382.381 | 363.932 | 316.544 | 290.326 | 309.8686 |
7 | Copenhagen, Denmark | 379.582 | 289.633 | 272.285 | 274.516 | 261.130 |
8 | Vienna, Austria | 344.127 | 365.522 | 295.861 | 246.336 | 240.256 |
9 | Frankfurt am Main, Germany | 317.019 | 335.758 | 305.890 | 311.742 | 345.206 |
10 | Prague, Czech Republic | 306.902 | 283.056 | 218.680 | 197.182 | 238.231 |
11 | Brussels, Belgium | 305.883 | 308.765 | 258.152 | 289.887 | 288.300 |
12 | Lisbon, Portugal | 289.805 | 320.512 | 321.320 | 296.108 | 274.541 |
13 | Dusseldorf, Germany | 279.429 | 296.640 | 263.328 | 265.093 | 227.954 |
14 | Athens, Greece | 273.776 | 245.269 | 275.273 | 377.211 | 370.607 |
15 | London-Heathrow, United Kingdom | 183.789 | 437.897 | 491.844 | 466.405 | 357.701 |
Rank | City | Passengers 2012 | Passengers 2011 | Passengers 2010 | Passenger 2009 | Passenger 2008 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Dubai, United Arab Emirates | 463.335 | 390.996 | 405.502 | 289.659 | 170.657 |
2 | New York-Kennedy, United States | 379.167 | 345.534 | 321.837 | 332.555 | 294.132 |
3 | Istanbul-Atatürk, Turkey | 329.679 | 290.455 | 315.435 | 289.569 | 286.727 |
4 | Moscow-Sheremetyevo, Russia | 297.409 | 265.968 | 240.948 | 213.528 | 262.850 |
5 | Zürich, Switzerland | 259.414 | 264.068 | 243.426 | 251.560 | 282.684 |
6 | Casablanca, Morocco | 228.662 | 234.537 | 255.732 | 207.249 | 256.749 |
7 | Tirana, Albania | 213.981 | 198.181 | 152.109 | 121.792 | 130.863 |
8 | Doha, Qatar | 194.575 | 139.804 | 155.848 | 131.370 | 119.560 |
9 | Tel Aviv, Israel | 188.625 | 186.569 | 205.771 | 199.666 | 170.947 |
10 | Hong Kong, SAR | 178.695 | 138.778 | 76.658 | - | - |
11 | Cairo, Egypt | 176.972 | 204.216 | 243.660 | 220.259 | 248.375 |
12 | Tunis, Tunisia | 170.941 | 134.090 | 145.407 | 104.433 | 126.521 |
13 | Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt | 151.005 | 117.753 | 225.767 | 251.997 | 266.823 |
14 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | 146.909 | 116.195 | 86.059 | - | - |
15 | Marsa Alam, Egypt | 144.706 | 100.011 | 170.113 | 160.166 | 155.421 |
16 | São Paulo-Guarulhos, Brazil | 143.506 | 163.516 | 190.132 | 214.449 | 240.232 |
17 | Singapore, Singapore | 128.571 | 116.901 | 89.771 | - | - |
18 | Delhi, India | 125.538 | 126.110 | - | - | - |
19 | Shanghai, China | 122.214 | 108.869 | 101.899 | 101.427 | - |
20 | Mombasa, Kenya | 116.628 | 132.808 | 107.266 | - | - |
21 | New York-Newark, United States | 106.894 | 96.489 | 96.409 | 93.732 | 129.635 |
22 | Marrakech, Morocco | 102.905 | 103.933 | 117.303 | 131.107 | 118.485 |
Transport links
Rail
- Malpensa Aeroporto railway station is linked to Milan Cadorna Station (connection with Milan's subway's Line M2 (Green) and Line M1 (Red), and the Suburban and the Regional Railway Service) by the Malpensa Express, with intermediate stops at Busto Arsizio FNM, Saronno Centrale (connection with regional trains bound for Varese and Como) and Milano Bovisa (connection with the Passante track of the suburban railways). Malpensa Express arrives at the Terminal 1, an additional bus travel is required to reach Terminal 2. Journey time is 29 minutes for non-stop services and 34 minutes for services calling at Busto Arsizio, Saronno and Bovisa.[22]
- A second Express service to Milan Central Station began with the winter rail schedule change (13 December 2010). There is a train every 30 minutes, also stopping at Milan Porta Garibaldi station; journey time is 41 minutes. During rush hours, services also call at Milano Bovisa station and Saronno Centrale; for these services journey time is 47 minutes.[23]
- Two daily High Speed (Alta Velocità) services link Milan Malpensa's railway station, to Florence (calling at Milano Centrale, Bologna Centrale and Firenze Santa Maria Novella) and Naples (calling at Milano Centrale, Bologna Centrale, Firenze Santa Maria Novella, Roma Termini, Napoli Centrale).[24] As of October 2012, the service was terminated.
- Suburban Line S10 (Milano Rogoredo-Milano Bovisa) has been running to Malpensa since June 2010.[25] Trains call at: Ferno, Busto Arsizio, Castellanza, Rescaldina, Saronno Centrale, Milano Bovisa, Milano Lancetti, Milano Porta Garibaldi M2 (Green), Milano Repubblica M3 (Yellow), Milano Porta Venezia M1 (Red), Milano Dateo and Milano Porta Vittoria. As of October 2012, the service was terminated.
- There is also a shuttle connection between Malpensa Airport railway station and Busto Arsizio FS.[26] From here there are connections with Milan's railway stations of Milano Centrale and Milano Porta Garibaldi.
- The Malpensa – Varese – Mendrisio (CH) – Lugano (CH) line is being built and will be finished by 2015. There are future plans also to connect Gallarate Station (FS) and Milan's Centrale Station (FS) allowing for easy connections onto high-speed international lines.
Bus
Malpensa Shuttle and Malpensa Bus Express connect the airport to Milan Central Station (Trenitalia's National Railway hub) and the metro. Stops at the Milan Fair are provided on request. Travel time is about an hour (longer during heavy traffic).
A free shuttle bus links Terminal 1 & 2 every 7 minutes 24 hours a day, within the airport. Travel time to go from one terminal to the other is about 15 minutes.
Malpensa is also connected by bus to Linate Airport and to various cities in northern Italy with Lufthansa Airport Bus(like Turin, Novara, Como, Varese, Bergamo and Brescia) and Switzerland.
Since February 2010, Lufthansa Airport Bus, in partnership with Autostrade SpA, connects Milan Central Station, with Terminal 1 & 2, with stops in Fieramilanocity and Milan Fair – Rho/Pero on request, every 20 minutes. Furthermore this new service links the Airport with the nearby Lombard provinces of Varese, Como, Bergamo and Brescia, those of Alessandria, Novara and Turin in Piedmont, Genoa in Liguria and also Bellinzona, Chiasso and Lugano in Switzerland. For these destinations passengers can also enjoy an additional limousine transfer service with high-end car or minibus (max. 8 people) bookable until 24 hours.[27]
Taxi
Taxis are available at the Arrivals of Terminal 1 & 2.
Road connections
Malpensa Airport is connected by a four-lane highway to the A8 motorway (connecting Switzerland to Milan) and by a five-lane highway to the A4 motorway linking Milan to Turin and to the Strada Statale 11.
References
- ^ http://www.assaeroporti.it/defy.asp
- ^ a b c Associazione Italiana Gestori Aeroportuali
- ^ "Aeroportilombardi | Breve storia di Malpensa". Mxpairport.it. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ http://www.mxpairport.it/file_download/1668/Airliner_World
- ^ "EAD Basic". Ead.eurocontrol.int. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ Third Runway for Malpensa, Aviation Week & Space Technology, 171, 1 (6 July 2009), p. 15
- ^ http://www.kamov.net/aviation/milan-malpensa-airport-review-and-history/
- ^ "Volare Group SpA." Businessweek. Retrieved on February 8, 2011. "The company is based in Ferno, Italy." and "Aeroporto Malpensa 2000 – S.P. 52 Terminal 1 – Area Tecnica Sud Ferno, VA 21010"
- ^ http://www.aa.com/i18n/aboutUs/newServiceRoutes.jsp#!international
- ^ Atlantic Airways operated summer seasonal flights July-Ausgust to Malpensa
- ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-21430643
- ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travelnews/10068390/Flights-to-Europe-from-Cambridge-Airport.html
- ^ http://travel.usatoday.com/flights/post/2012/06/delta-air-lines-milan-barcelona/718051/1?csp=34travel
- ^ http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2013/02/easyjet-to-belgrade-from-april-19.html
- ^ http://www.emirates.com/english/about/news/news_detail.aspx?article=1185653&offset=0
- ^ Twin Jet start Toulouse-Milan Malpensa service from September 2013
- ^ Etihad Crystal Cargo Schedule
- ^ http://www.joc.com/air-cargo/cargo-airlines/qatar-airways/qatar-airways-start-milan-chicago-freighter-service_20130606.html
- ^ http://i245.photobucket.com/albums/gg70/hal1950/silky01y.jpg
- ^ Turkish Airlines Cargo Winter Schedule
- ^ a b "Dati Traffico 2010 Enac" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ "Collegamento Milano Malpensa – MALPENSA EXPRESS". Malpensaexpress.it. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ "Malpensa – Da dicembre parte il treno Malpensa-Milano Centrale | Lombardia | Varese News". .varesenews.it. 2010-07-31. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ "Ferrovie dello Stato – Homepage". Trenitalia.com. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ "Castellanza – Malpensa express più veloci e nuovi suburbani, così cambia l'orario | Lombardia | Varese News". .varesenews.it. 2010-01-30. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ iPhone. "Busto Arsizio/Castellanza – Grandi opere ferroviarie, treni nel tunnel di Castellanza da dicembre | Busto Arsizio | Varese News". .varesenews.it. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
- ^ "Italiano". Autostradale.it. 2010-05-31. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
External links
- Milano Malpensa 1 Airport Official website
- Milano Malpensa 2 Airport Official website
- SEA SpA Official website
- Malpensa Airport AOC & USERS Committees MXP Milan
- Current weather for LIMC at NOAA/NWS
- Accident history for MXP at Aviation Safety Network
- Malpensa Airport Forum (Italian)