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McNulty

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McNulty
Language(s)Gaeilge
Origin
Meaning"descended of the Ulaid Nation"
Region of originIreland
Other names
Related namesMcAnulty, Donlevy, Dunleavy, Garvey, McKinley (surname)

McNulty (MacNulty)[1] is an Irish surname historically associated with County Donegal[2] and, possibly, with the moniker Ultach, an agnomen (additional surname) used by some of Gaelic Ireland's MacDunleavy or MacDonlevy (dynasty) royals in its earlier Gaelic language form. The surname denotes that its bearer is of the ancient Irish Ulaid race (singl. Ultaigh). In alternate spelling, Ulaid may be encountered as Ulaidh or Uladh. It is pronounced in Gaelic language "Ully" and has been corrupted in English to "ulty".[3]

The surname derives from an anglicized contraction of the original Irish patronymic Mac (descended)[4][5] an Ultaigh[6][7][8] or confusion of the Irish "Mac an Ultaigh" (male) and "Nic an Ultaigh" (female) surname.[9] Variant spellings include McNaulty,[10] its variations McNalty[11] and, rarely, O'Nalty,[12] Nolty,[13] McNult,[14] the more primitive Anglicizations McAnulty,[15][16] McEnulty and McKnulty[17][18] and others.

The surname McNulty and any of its variations[19][20] may be encountered sans their mac or mc prefix.[21][22][23] Accordingly, some persons of this surname and their namesakes may be found alphabeted instead of at “M” at “N”, “O” and even “U”. Capitalization and spacing are inconsistent following either prefix.[24][25] Mac appears in anglicized contraction not only as Mc (also written Mc), but, even, M’.[26][27]

Alphabetization of Mac Nulty, Mc Nulty and M’ Nulty or their Mac, Mc and M’ variants

In researching persons of the McNulty surname or its variants, where either the Mac, Mc or M’ prefix has been employed to form such Anglicization of the Irish Mac or Nic an Ultaigh surname, also note that British text sources consistently place all surnames beginning with both the prefixes “Mac” and “Mc” at the alphabetical position of “Mac”, as the English language “Mc” is simply the Irish language “Mac”, anglicized by contraction. Depending on the particular American text source (United States or Canadian), it may follow the British convention or it may place all surnames beginning with the prefix “Mac” separately from surnames beginning with the prefix “Mc” at the alphabetical position of “Mac” and all surnames beginning with “Mc”, instead, at the subsequent alphabetical position of “Mc”.[28] Surnames beginning with the even further abbreviated prefix M’ are consistently placed at the alphabetical position of “Mac” in both British and American reference sources.[29]

Surname McNulty: its meaning and remotest heritage

Map shows colored in orange and green the entirety of Ireland's original Ulster or Ulaid province, the namesake of the Irish Ulaid. 6 modern Ulster counties of Northern Ireland are in Orange. 3 modern Ulster counties of the Republic of Ireland are in green.

The Irish surname Mac (literally, son)[30] and Nic (literally, daughter)[31] an Ultaigh (Anglicized Mac or Mc Nulty), actually, means in English “descended of the Ulaid Nation” or people.[32][33][34] Mac and Nic an Ultaigh and its many Anglicizations may, also, though, be encountered in more ambivalently obscured and, likely, inadvertently, gender biased English translation as simply “son of an Ulsterman ”[35] or "Ulidian".[2][36] The Gaelic Mac and Nic an Ultaigh and its many Anglicizations may also be encountered in even still looser English translation as “(from or) native of Eastern Ulster”.[36][37]

In any of these translations, though, the surname McNulty connotes that its bearer is descended from the Ulaid, a nation of people, that is the ancient Irish Uluti tribe, which dynasties in remote times ruled the entirety of the North of Ireland.[38] The “Ulaid”, “Ulaidh” or “Ultaigh” (anglcized or corrupted “Nulty”) are actually equated in English translation to “Ulsterites or an Ulsterite” and their former territory of the “Ulaidh (province)” is equated in English translation to “Ulster”,[39] because the Ulaid in remote times so occupied roughly the land of the 9 modern counties, which are Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Coleraine (now Londonderry), Tyrone, Cavan, Donegal and Monaghan, of historic Ulster province in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.[40][41] As noted in that Wikipedia article, the English word Ulster, itself, is the Irish word Ulaid anglicized with the English possessive ending -s and Irish tír (Ulaidh’s tír) to designate the "land" or "territory" of the Ulaid, in other words, the Irish Ulaidh (province).[42][43] In addition to being fierce land warriors, the Ulaid were also known for a formidable seafaring navy.[44][45][46]

From their seat at Emain Macha, the dynasties of the Ulaid or Ulaidh first ruled all of the historic province of Ulster, that is the Ulaidh (province) as a sovereign state or in Irish language their “tuath” (literally, “the commonality”)[47] from sometime between the 10th and 17th century BC[48][49] and after the 5th-century AD encroachments of the adversary Uí Néill, successively, smaller portions, thereof, until the last remnants of their state, then, called Ulidia (kingdom), substantially dissolved in the late 12th century AD.[50]

The dynasties of the Ulaid and their territory remaining after the 5th century AD were the Dál Riata in the glens of the land area of the modern County of Antrim in eastern Ulster and later, also, Scotland, the Dál nAraidi in the area of modern Belfast in eastern Ulster and the Dál Fiatach in the land area of the modern Diocese of Down and Connor in eastern Ulster.[41]

Surname McNulty: a surname of ancient Gael royals

This is a map of Gaelic Ireland circa 900 A.D. The map area labeled Ulaid (nation) is the Kingdom of Ulidia. The map area labeled Northern Uí Néill is the Kingdom of Tir Chonaill. By the time that the Kingdom of Ulidia fell to the English in the late 12th century, the Kingdom of Tir Chonaill had expanded to include the northern portion of the Kingdom of Ulidia shown on this map.

There are variant etymologies proposed for McNulty. In large measure, however, all of these hold that the surname McNulty evolved from the Irish surnames of ancient Gael royals of southeastern Ulster or from Irish nicknames given them. Some McNulty are of the Ultonian royal house that produced kings of the Ulidia sub-kingdom of (modern) Iveagh and some McNulty may be of the Ultonian royal house that produced the last line of over-kings of the Ulaid (nation) and the Kingdom of Ulidia.

As persons of a surname originating in southeastern Ulster's Ulidia (kingdom), by any scenario posed by scholars, the McNulty are descended of the Red Branch royal houses of the Dál Fiatach group of the Ulaid dynasties, which include also the house of MacDonlevy (Irish Mac or Ó Duinnshléibhe),[51] which produced the line of royals, who last ruled all the Ulaid as their over-kings. As persons of a surname originating either within or without southeastern Ulster, it is debated whether some McNulty are also descended of the MacDonlevy royal house, itself. As all the other Dál Fiatach dynasties, members of both the clanna MacDonlevy and McNulty claim descent from Fiatach Finn mac Dáire, a King of Ulster and High King of Ireland in the 1st century A.D., after whose reign the Dál Fiatach dominated the kingship of Ulster, and through him and the Heremon line of Irish kings, as many of the other royalty of the British Isles, to the Milesian Irish King Heremon, himself, and through Heremon to his father the legendary circa 15th century B.C. Iberno-Celts king Mil Espaine or Miles Hispaniae (Latinized Milesius of Spain, “victor of a thousand battles”), King of Galicia (Spain), Andalusia, Murcia, Castile (historical region) and Portugal.[52]

There are two scholarly proposals for the origin of the McNulty surname in Ulidia (kingdom) in extreme southeastern Ulster. The McNulty are of the Kingdom’s Red Branch royal houses, in their line that later includes the O’Garvey, or the McNulty are of the Cú Uladh sept of the MacDonlevy branch of the Kingdom’s Red Branch royal houses.

In the context of a distinct clan[53] (I. "clanna"),[54] John O'Hart traces the McNulty to the Dál Fiatach group of Ulaid dynasties, who were the last rulers of the Ulaid nation of people and their, by then, greatly reduced Ulahd (province), called Ulidia (kingdom), and to the branching of its O’Garvey royals. In contrast to the entirety of the land area of the original Ulster province, the "lesser Ulahd province" or Ulidia (kingdom) of this time comprised a much smaller, though still large land area, concurrent with that of only one of Ulster province's 9 modern counties, that is County Down, and the southern portion of a second of its modern counties, which is County Antrim. The McNulty (parent house) and O’Garvey (descended house) ruled in this Ulidia (kingdom) the largest of its sub-kingdoms, which substantial land area in the west of County Down was concurrent with the land area of what is today Northern Ireland’s district or Barony (Ireland) of Iveagh (I. “Eachach Cobha” or older “Magh Cobha”), occupying much of the southern and western part of modern County Down.[55][56] These Dál Fiatach kings were the Red Branch royal houses that ruled Ulidia (kingdom) for half a millennium until its fall in the late 12th century. Ulidia (kingdom), the last patrimony of the Ulaid nation, substantially collapsed, then, following John de Courcy's, his 800 armored English footroops' and 22 mounted armored cavalry's defeat of the Ulidians or Ultonians at Downpatrick in 1177 A .D.[57] The cultural shock of the loss of their ancient administrative center and sacred religious site at Downpatrick (I. “Dùn Phádraig", L. “Dunum”) to de Courcy and the English caused, too, the already centuries diminished Ulaid race to in short order, thereafter, cease to exist as a cohesive people.

Some McNulty may, though, too, be traced directly to the MacDonlevy house of the royalty of Ulidia by virtue of a nickname there given the MacDonlevy. In one highly unusual translation of the surname McNulty, it is actually and seemingly oddly translated through its variant Naulty to mean in English “wild Ulidian dog” or hound (noted at reference to be from Gaelic “Cuallaidh”).[58] This peculiar translation is, though, a reference to the battle famed Cú – Uladh MacDunnshleibhe (fl. c. 1177) (Latinized “Canis Ultoniae” or English “the Ulidian hound”), who was the nephew of Rory, the 54th Christian and last king of a viable Ulaid (province) (again, English Ulster and Latinized Ultonia and then being the reduced Ulidia (kingdom)).[59][60] The chieftain Cú-Ulahd was noted to be as swift footed in combat as the feared Irish Wolf Hound, that the MacDonlevy and/or McNulty took to battle for successful purpose including the dismounting of their opponents the English’s armored cavalry. This later translation may, also, in addition to Naulty and its variants Nalty and Nulty, be the origin of the extraordinarily rare Conoulty variant of the surname McNulty.

Red Branch houses

Hence, according to manifold researchers,[61][62] the namesake of Ulster or it their namesake and in ancient Irish lore claimed descended of the mythological Irish heroes of the Red Branch or Ulster Cycle,[63] the McNulty as a parent house in the branch line leading to the O’Garveys or through the Donlevy house’s Cú-Ulahd are also as Irish rulers last of historic record among Ulster’s Red Branch royal houses (Irish, the “Craobh Ruadh”) of the Kingdom of Ulidia, that is of the “rigdamnai” of that portion of Ireland of the legendary earthen mound building Red Branch Knights of Ulster[64] for whom Constance Markievicz, originally, named the Irish patriot organization “Na Fianna Éireann”.[65]

MacDonlevy (dynasty) royals in exile

Finally, some McNulty may, otherwise, be MacDonlevy or of other septs displaced from Ulidia (kingdom). Sources besides O’Hart state that the clanna Mac an Ultaigh, its septs and its Anglicization Mac or McNulty evolved during the middle age without the area of the Kingdom of Ulidia, which was again located in the extreme southeast of Ulster province. They contend that the surname first appeared, instead, in the Kingdom of Tirconnell, which is located in the northwest of Ulster province, which is a portion of Ulster that for centuries thereto had not been the territory of the Ulaid. Ancient Tirconnell (I. Tir Chonaill or the land of the O’Donnell) had a land area roughly concurrent with that of the modern County Donegall in the Republic of Ireland.[66][67][68]

Two sources, P. McNulty and E. Neafsey, go so far as to propose that the McNulty are not by that name an actual Irish clanna at all and that the Irish surname Mac or Nic an Ultaigh and, therefore, remotely, its Anglicization Mac or McNulty, arises from an Irish language nickname given during the Middle Ages only to persons who relocated to other portions of Ireland, most notably, again, Tirconnell, from the area of the former Kingdom of Ulidia in extreme southeastern Ulster after its fall. This Irish nickname was “Ultach”,[69] in variant spellings also “Ultagh”, “Ultaig”, “Ultaigh” and “Ultacháin” (English Ulsterman or Ulsterite), the singular of the Gaelic “Ulaid”, “Ulaidh” or “Uladh” and English “Ulsterites”[70][71][72] and Latinized “Ultonian” or “Ulidian”,[73][74] for a member of the Uluti tribe, that is the Ulaid Nation or people. P. McNulty, among other of his supporting arguments, states first under section “Early Ulster (Ulaid, Ulidia, Ultonia) … McNultys (Mac an Ultaigh) … the name was applied only to those who had left early Ulster.”, then at section “Origin of Names” … “McNulty (Mac an Ultaigh, son of the Ulsterman), which is based on the location of their ancestors in early Ulster and their subsequent departure from that location (Appendix 1, p 17).” and, later, “McNulty name was applied only to those Gaelic families who fled Down after 1177 (Table 4, Appendix 4, p 18)”.[75] E. Neafsey concurs in measure, while in citing to Woulfe, infra, noting “Woulfe describes MacNulty as a Donegal family …”.[2]

Notably, the nickname “Ultach” was given by the indigenous populations of the western Ireland Kingdom of Tirconnell, the last standing Gaelic sovereignty and stronghold, to the MacDonlevy royalty[76] upon their arrival in flight there[77] after the substantial fall[78] of their eastern Ireland Kingdom of Ulidia at Downpatrick in 1177. As stated in the now out of copyright year 1893 Dictionary of National Biography, ”As the family originally came from Ulidia, the lesser Uladh, or Ulster, the members of it are often called in Irish writings, instead of MacDonlevy, Ultach, that is Ulsterman, and from this the name McNulty, Mac an Ultaigh, son of the Ulsterman is derived.”[79] Ultaigh and Ultagh are variant spellings of I. Ultach for an individual of the Ulaid nation or race. Ultach is anglicized to Ulsterite and from L. Ultonii to Ultonian or Ulidian.[80] To a historical certainty, the MacDonlevy royalty did adopt this nickname Ultach as an agnomen (additional surname), while in asylum in Tir after their 1177 defeat by the forces of de Courcy named to the high Gaelic status of "ollahm leighis" or the official physicians to the O’Donnells dynasty Kings of Tirconnell (variant spelling Tyrconnell and sometimes abbreviated “Tir”).[81] The MacDonlevy were the last line of historical Kings of Ulster and the Dál Fiatach, which thrones were actually restricted to this family’s lineage after 1137.[82][83] The MacDonlevy (again, anglicized from Gaelic language Mac or Ó Duinnshléibhe) were, also, one of the ancient hereditary medical families of Ireland.[84]

Emigration

Belfast's reminder of "An Gorta Mór", the Great Famine (Ireland) or the genocide by starvation
The wrenching parting of Henry Doyle's 1868 Emmigrant's Leave Ireland

Some of the first McNulty immigrants to North America arrived in Philadelphia and New York City in the very early 19th century[85][86][87] and, later, more numerously, in both Philadelphia and New York City between 1840 and 1860, during which period the great Irish Potato Famine occurred.[88][89] By 1980, there were 19,469 persons surnamed McNulty in the United States Social Security Administration data base. The surname McNulty was, then, the 2332 most frequently occurring surname in that database.[14] There are an estimated 421 persons surnamed McNulty in Australia.[90]

Remaining frequency in United Kingdom

In Great Britain the surname McNulty is shared by an estimated 7,888 people and is approximately the 1329th most popular surname in the country.[91]

In modern history and contemporary affairs

Whatever their true appellation, persons surnamed McNulty, who as earlier noted, number no more than a few tens of thousands of the hundreds of millions in the English speaking world, include, modernly, a significant number of noteworthy individuals. Among these persons are venerated Irish nationalists, prominent statesmen, top level national and provincial government officials, famed entertainers, combat distinguished U.S. and/or British naval and army commanders, numerous other distinguished U.S., British, Australian and Canadian war heroes, Roman Catholic Church prelates and celebrated professional and amateur sports figures. In the U.S., persons of this surname also have an illustrious tradition as academics, in U.S. naval and martial history and, throughout the world, as journalists and in literature and the theatre. Persons surnamed McNulty are, too, less, but, still notably, visual artists, musical composers, instrument makers, engineers and inventors, pioneering computer scientists and technologists, intelligence operatives, jurists, chief executives of major corporations and/or financial exchanges, beauty pageant winners and in cinema.

Some people of general note

Dennis Day (1916-1988)
Dennis Day, the stage name of crooner, comic and radio and television personality Owen Patrick Eugene McNulty
Poster for Blondie Takes a Vacation (1939), starring Penny Singleton (1908-2003), the stage name of motion picture actress and radio personality Marianna Dorothy Agnes Letitia McNulty
Dr. Sir Arthur MacNalty (sometimes, McNalty) (1880-1969) was the 8th Chief Medical Officer (United Kingdom) (1935-1941) and a historian. A ground breaking medical scientist, he teamed with the Welshman Thomas Lewis (cardiologist) in 1908 to demonstrate that tracings from then nascent electrocardiography (ECG) could be used as a tool for diagnosing Heart block.[92] This use of electrocardiography to diagnose heart block was the earliest application of ECG technology in cardiology and clinical medicine. Above is an illustration of a turn of the 20th century laboratory set up of the string galvanometer for the taking of an electrocardiograph. Many of Sir Arthur’s histories, including his Henry VIII: The Difficult Patient (1952) and Mary, Queen of Scots: The Daughter of Debate (1960), remain relevant for scholars. At the behest of his friend Winston Churchill, Sir Arthur also served as editor-in-chief for compilation of the monumental over 20 volume Official Medical History of the Second World War (1968).

Fictional characters

Thelma Ritter (1902-1969), as Ellen McNulty
from the trailer for The Mating Season (1951)
The motion picture actor Ray Milland, here, portraying Don Birnam in The Lost Weekend (1945), later, portrayed Prof. Ray McNulty in the early 1950s TV series Meet Mr. McNulty.
  • Jimmy McNulty, a character on HBO drama The Wire
    • Elena McNulty (Jimmy’s estranged wife), Sean James McNulty (Jimmy’s and Elena’s eldest son) and Michael Barnes McNulty (Jimmy’s and Elena’s youngest son) also appear as characters on The Wire.
  • Liam McNulty, a fictional character in BBC Scotland soap opera River City
  • Middenface McNulty, post apocalyptic science fiction character
  • McNulty Rugrats
    • There are 7 McNulty characters in the Emmy nominated animated TV series.
    • 5 McNulty brother Rugrats (Timothy, Todd, Ty, Teddy and Terry)
    • The brothers' grandfather Conan
    • The brothers' mother Colleen
  • Lt. Ray McNulty and his son Van McNulty are characters in the U.S. TV series Smallville
  • Meet Mr. McNutley was a successful CBS television network series that ran 44 episodes from 1953-1955. The show's title and the last name of its main character were changed to "McNulty" in the second episode. The show was, later, again, retitled the Ray Milland Show. As noted in the Wikipedia article Ray Milland filmography, Milland played the show's main character Prof. Ray McNulty. The U.S. television actress Phyllis Avery played the professor's wife Peggy McNulty.
  • Stephen Graham (actor) played the character Peter McNulty in 2 episodes of the TV series Jump.
  • Thelma Ritter won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Ellen McNulty in the 1951 film the Mating Season.
  • Actress Gene Tierney played Maggie Carleton McNulty in the Mating Season (1951).
  • There is a McNulty character in both the movie Trancers and its sequel Trancers II. In both movies the McNulty character is portrayed by actor Art LaFleur.
  • Maggie Cline became famous in Vaudeville singing popular Irish songs, including How McNulty Carved His Duck.
  • There is a Moshi Monsters moshling character in the puppies set named McNulty.[93]

20th and 21st Century U.S. Representatives

Capitol dome
Frank Joseph McNulty
William Brodhead
Michael R. McNulty

Roman Catholic Bishops

In U.S. nautical and naval history

Notable naval personnel and mariners

This is an aerial view of United States Merchant Marine Academy. Then Commodore Robert R. McNulty, the Supervisor of the Merchant Marine Cadet Corps, founded the Academy during the Second World War and served as its 3rd Superintendent. The Kings Point, New York campus grew from a 12 acre property that was once the water front estate of Walter Chrysler. The estate's main house, "Forker House", is now the Academy's Wiley Hall.
This is the U.S. Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island. The College was established in 1884. The College is the U.S. Navy research and educational institution charged with developing and disseminating to its officers new methods of naval warfare. Rear Admiral (then Captain (naval)) James F. McNulty was the institutions Chief of Staff in the 1970s. McNulty was particularly knowledgeable in the area of anti-submarine warfare. After his retirement from the U.S. Navy, Rear Admiral James F. McNulty became the Superintendent of the Great Lakes Maritime Academy in Michigan.
File:10 MM VM.gif
Victory Medal of Awards and decorations of the United States Merchant Marine granted to United States Merchant Marine WWII combat veterans

"Acta Non Verba" ("Deeds Not Words"), the motto of the United States Merchant Marine Academy, founded 1943

  • Richard R. McNulty of Glouster, Massachusetts (1899-1980), Vice Admiral USMS, Rear Admiral USN, is the WWII veteran, who founded the United States Merchant Marine Academy, King’s Point, NY, which is the latest of the United States Service academies.[94] The Academy's McNulty campus is named for the Vice Admiral. As have its officer graduates, the Academy's midshipman or members of its cadet corps have served and sometimes died in every major U.S. military conflict from WWII and are privileged to carry a regimental battle standard.
  • John McNulty (steamboat captain) (fl. c. 1860), U.S. pioneer steamboat captain, an “old salt” who went to sea from his native Dublin, Ireland when just a young boy, by the time McNulty captained steamboats in the U.S. Northwest, he was a seaman of such extraordinary nautical skills that he transported passengers and cargo through the U.S. Columbia River’s then treacherous the Cascades and The Dalles rapids on large steamboat “palaces” for over 3 decades during the heyday of Northwest U.S. steamboat river transport without a single accident.[99] The Northwest U.S.A. community of McNulty, Oregon is named for the Captain.

Ships & their namesakes

USS McNulty (DE-581) National Archives

The USS McNulty (DE-581) was a WWII escort destroyer named for Lt. (j.g.) John Thomas McNulty of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (born April 23, 1897), a 24 year Naval veteran, who died in combat in WWII while serving on the USS Astoria (CA-34) during the Battle of Savo Island on August 9, 1942.[100][101] The U.S.S. McNulty was sponsored by his widow[102] Helen K. McNulty, and, thereafter, received two battle stars for WWII service.

A Rudderow class destroyer escort, the USS McNulty was laid down on November 17, 1943. When launched on January 8, 1944, the USS McNulty (DE-581) had a length from stern through keel of 306 feet and a displacement of 1450 tons. Her beam was 36 feet and 10 inches, and she had a draft of 9 feet and 8 inches. She had 16 guns, 3 torpedo tubes, 8 depth charge throwers, 2 depth charge racks and 1 Hedgehog depth bomb thrower. Her compliment was 186 men. Her speed was 24 knots.

A completion photograph of the vessel in waters outside Boston Navy Yard on April 5, 1944 appears at section right.

For “Extraordinary heroism in combat not justifying the Medal of Honor - the second highest medal of valor awarded to members of the U.S. Navy and its U.S. Marine Corps

  • WW I (U.S. 1917-1918) John McNulty (U.S. Marine Corps gunnery) of Revere, Massachusetts, Gunner, U.S. Marine Corps, 66th Company, 6th Machine-Gun Battalion, 6th Regiment (Marines), 2d Division, American Expeditionary Forces, “Navy Cross is presented to John McNulty … for extraordinary heroism … in action between Blanc Mont and St. Etienne, France, October 4, 1918. Although he was severely wounded during an enemy counterattack, Gunner McNulty voluntarily remained on the firing line under heavy artillery and machine-gun fire, operating a machine-gun, the crew of which had all been killed or wounded … until the enemy was repulsed and he was ordered to the rear by his commanding officer …”[103]
  • 2nd Nicaraguan Campaign (1927-1933) William K. MacNulty of Willsboro, Pennsylvania (born Antrim, Pennsylvania), Captain, U.S. Marine Corps, 57th Company, 2d Battalion, 11th Regiment, “Navy Cross is presented to William K. MacNulty for distinguished service in the line of his profession as commander of a patrol operating in the vicinity of Bromoderos, Nicaragua, on 27 February 1928. Captain MacNulty, while on a mission assigned by his Battalion Commander, upon receiving word that a platoon of the 57th Company had been ambushed by a numerically superior force, immediately upon his own initiative proceeded to the scene, made a night march over unknown, most difficult terrain, in a bandit-infested area. Upon arrival at the spot, Captain MacNulty disposed his patrol with such military ability and strategy as to successfully defeat and put to rout the bandit force, thereby saving the lives of the remaining few of the beleaguered patrol, which were at that time greatly outnumbered."[104]

U.S. naval recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)

Distinguished Service Cross (United States) For “Distinguishes himself by extraordinary heroism not justifying the Medal of Honor - a second highest medal of valor that may be awarded U.S. Marines

U.S. naval recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)

For “Heroism and extraordinary achievement while participating in an actual flight”

  • John S. McNulty, Jr. U.S. Marine Corps (Korean War), for heroism and extraordinary achievement while participating in aerial flight in action against enemy forces, in Blakeney Heroes of the U.S. Marine Corps[108]

U.S. naval Silver Star recipients

For “gallantry in action against an enemy of the United States”

  • Sgt. John McNulty (U.S. Marine Corps gunnery) (WWI) was awarded 2 Silver Stars each for separate actions and each of these actions distinct from his October 4, 1918 valiantness between Blanc Mont and St. Etienne, France, for which as also noted in this article, this Sgt. John McNulty was awarded both the Navy Cross and the Distinguished Service Cross.[110] 1."By direction of the President, under the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 9, 1918 (Bul. No. 43, W.D. 1918), Gunner John McNulty (MCSN: 150063), United States Marine Corps, is cited by the Commanding General, SECOND DIVISION, American Expeditionary Forces, for gallantry in action and a silver star may be placed upon the ribbon of the Victory Medals awarded him. Gunner McNulty distinguished himself while serving with the 66th Company, Fifth Regiment (Marines), 2d Division, American Expeditionary Forces at Chateau-Thierry, France, 6 June to 10 July 1918." (FIRST Citation)[111] 2."By direction of the President, under the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 9, 1918 (Bul. No. 43, W.D., 1918), Gunner John McNulty (MCSN: 150063), United States Marine Corps, is cited by the Commanding General, SECOND Division, American Expeditionary Forces, for gallantry in action and a silver star may be placed upon the ribbon of the Victory Medals awarded him. Gunner McNulty distinguished himself while serving with the Sixth Machine-Gun Battalion, 2d Division, American Expeditionary Forces at Blanc Mont, France, 1–10 October 1918." (SECOND Citation)[111]
  • Maj. William McNulty U.S. Marine Corps (WWII) Citation: "The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Major William McNulty (MCSN: 0-6303), United States Marine Corps Reserve, for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity while attached to the Third Battalion, First Marines, FIRST Marine Division, in combat against enemy Japanese forces on Cape Gloucester, New Britain, 27 and 28 December 1943. When the left assault company lost contact with the unit on its right, Major McNulty courageously worked his way alone through enemy territory despite hostile fire and succeeded in locating the endangered troops. Guiding them to a strategic position which closed the gap in our lines, he skillfully disposed his men along the battalion's left flank to provide protection against counterattack. The next day when the objective had been reached, he again visited the front lines and, exposing himself to enemy fire, aided the commanding officer in reorganizing the troops and protecting the battalion's left flank. By his timely assistance and outstanding tactical skill, Major McNulty contributed to the success of this hazardous operation, and his heroic conduct was in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service"[114][115]

Duke University war memorial

USN Ensign (rank) Frank Bacon McNulty, Jr., the son of Dr. and Mrs. Frank Bacon McNulty, Sr., 223 Cathedral Mansions, Ellsworth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and a class of ’43 Duke alumni, who fell in naval action during WWII[116][117]

In U.S. Army History

Notable WWII field commanders

File:Colonal William Anderson McNulty.jpg
Colonel William A. McNulty

Notable U.S. Civil War field commanders

Distinguished Service Cross (United States) For “Distinguishes himself by extraordinary heroism not justifying the Medal of Honor - the second highest medal for valor awarded to members of the U.S. Army

Prisoners on the march from Bataan to the prison camp, May 1942. (National Archives).
  • Pvt. Clarence J. McNulty (WWI), U.S. Army, Medical Detachment, 128th Infantry Regiment, 32d Division, American Expeditionary Forces, Date of Action: October 7, 1918, Citation: "The Distinguished Service Cross is presented to Clarence J. McNulty, Private, U.S. Army, for extraordinary heroism in action near Gesnes, France, October 7, 1918. When his battalion was forced to retire under heavy artillery and machine-gun fire, Private McNulty, accompanied by Private William A. Jacobson, went out in front of the battalion, administering first aid and bringing in the wounded who had been left lying in exposed positions. While they were carrying back a wounded soldier, Private Jacobson was wounded, whereupon Private McNulty alone carried the wounded man to the dressing station and then immediately returned to assist Private Jacobson."[126][127][128]
  • 1st Sgt. William B. McNulty (WWII),[131] McNulty was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (United States) for his extraordinary heroism, exemplary leadership and achievement in spearheading an attack against the Japanese early at the Battle of Bataan, which occurred in the Philippines from December 22 through April 9 of 1941. During the U.S. forces’ delaying action at the Layac Line, 1st Sgt. William McNulty led the point squad more than 100 yards in front of Capt. Thompson’s L Company as it advanced against the Japanese into heavy fire. L Company succeeded in scattering and stalling the Japanese forces on the right, thereby, forcing them to continue their advance to the left into Bataan’s formidable mountain spine where the 26th U.S. Calvalry awaited them on high ground, though the Japanese did eventually force this body’s and the 31st Regiment’s withdrawal.[132] Sgt. McNulty sadly did not survive the war. He perished in Japanese captivity in the subsequent Bataan Death March or at Camp O'Donnell, (section “History"), the final stop on the Bataan Death March, where 21,600 Filipino and American held captive by the Japanese died with many beheaded in front of open graves.[133]

For “gallantry in action against an enemy of the United States”

  • PFC Lyle E. McNulty (WWII)[137] Citation: "The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Private First Class Lyle E. McNulty (ASN: 37558761), United States Army, for gallantry in action while serving with Headquarters Company, 242d Infantry Regiment, 42d Infantry Division. On 9 January 1945, near Hatten, France, when wire communications between two battalions were disrupted, Private McNulty with other members of the crew repeatedly re-established communications by laying wire under intense enemy artillery and mortar fire."[138][139]
  • Lt. Col. (later Colonel) William Anderson McNulty (WWII) Citation: "The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Lieutenant Colonel (Infantry) William A. McNulty (ASN: 0-18871), United States Army, for gallantry in action against the enemy while serving with Headquarters, 301st Infantry Regiment, 94th Infantry Division, in action in Germany, on 23 February 1945. Colonel McNulty, after making a personal reconnaissance of the crossing site, fearlessly led the assault elements of his command across the Saar River near Serrig, Germany. Inspiring his men by his gallant leadership, he pressed forward in the face of withering enemy fire and directed the capture of the town of Serrig and the establishment of a vital bridgehead. Colonel McNulty's utter disregard for his own safety and courageous, aggressive actions reflect great credit upon himself and the military service."[144][145] The Colonel was also awarded the Legion of Merit.[146]
F-80Cs of the 8th Fighter-Bomber Group Korean War
  • 1st Lieutenant Richard L. McNulty (b. 1929) was originally with the Rhode Island Air National Guard, but became a USAF F-80 Pilot with the 8th Fighter-Bomber Wing, 80th Fighter-Bomber Squadron at outbreak of the Korean War. While during the Korean War flying wing for his squadron leader and major, McNulty was credited with a confirmed kill of a technically superior Russian MiG-15 and awarded the Air Medal for a single act of heroism. During the entire Korean War, fewer than 6 MiG-15s were shot down by these even then archaic and outclassed WWII era design Lockheed F-80 Shooting Stars, the first jet fighters ever used operationally by the old United States Army Air Force. McNulty later received 2 oak leaf clusters for 2 subsequent awards of the Air Medal. The primary mission of fighter-bomber squadron is to fly ground troop support against communication and supply lines at low altitude, over often difficult terrain, often, also, in midst of heavy anti-aircraft fire and while laden with high explosives and napalm. 1st Lt. McNulty failed to return from a January, 1952 mission against Yangdok, North Korea. It is believed that he was shot down by Soviet MiG-15 ace Sergei Kramarenko. See section "Credits for aerial victories of Sergei Makarovich Kramarenko" of that Wikipedia article for details. The Lieutenant left a daughter Karen, and a son, Patrick, who was born while the Lieutenant was serving in Korea and who the Lieutenant had never seen.[147]

In U.S. military intelligence service and U.S. intelligence operations

This is the CIA Memorial Wall when with 83 stars. One of these stars honors Wayne J. McNulty.
This is the corresponding CIA Book of Honor 1950-2005. The 5th entry down in the second column of the open page on the reader's left is for the 1968 death of Wayne J. McNulty.

“In Honor of those Members of the Central Intelligence Agency Who Gave Their Lives in the Service of Their Country”

103 stars representing CIA agents who died in service of their country are carved into the Memorial’s white Vermont marble on the north wall of the original CIA headquarters building. One of these stars honors CIA operative Wayne J. McNulty, paramilitary Special Activities Division, National Clandestine Service (responsible for covert operations), who died in action in 1968 in South Vietnam or Laos.[157]

WWII and Post WWII Heroes of His or Her Majesty’s and Commonwealth forces

Citation:

”On the 11th May, 1969 a platoon of A Company was pinned down in a heavy contact against an enemy battalion headquarters position. The platoon commander was seriously wounded ten yards in front of the enemy position and could not be extracted despite several frontal attacks. Sergeant McNulty, leading eleven men, made repeated attempts over a period of five hours to outflank the enemy and assault from the rear. Each attempt was met by heavy and accurate rocket, claymore, and machine gun fire. Despite the risk of almost certain death or wounding, Sergeant McNulty could not be deterred in his efforts to rescue the platoon commander. He finally succeeded in getting himself and a soldier with a flame thrower into a position from which effective fire could be delivered into the enemy long enough to achieve the recovery of the officer.

In July, 1969, Sergeant McNulty was an adviser with a company of the Army of The Republic of Vietnam. The company came under sudden and heavy attack from an enemy company. The violence of the initial enemy rocket and machine gun fire caused seven casualties and created confusion amongst the friendly troops. Without regard for his own safety Sergeant McNulty advised and assisted the company commander in the organisation of his defences and the collection and evacuation of the wounded. As the enemy attack intensified Sergeant McNulty called for and calmly directed for several hours helicopter gunships and artillery, forcing the enemy to withdraw. His personal courage and professional advice was responsible for saving the South Vietnamese troops from further severe casualties and the possibility of being overrun by the enemy assault.

In August, 1969, Sergeant McNulty's platoon was engaged in two separate major contacts with superior size enemy forces entrenched in bunkers. On both occasions Sergeant McNulty inspired all ranks with his aggressiveness and courage which by now had become expected of him in all contacts with the enemy. On the 21st August, 1969 while attacking an enemy battalion position, over fifteen members of his platoon including Sergeant McNulty were wounded. Sergeant McNulty covered the withdrawal of other members of his platoon, assisted in their evacuation and was finally wounded a second time during his own evacuation.

Sergeant McNulty's outstanding conduct and personal courage has been inspirational to all members of his battalion and to South Vietnamese allies. His exemplary actions reflect great credit on himself, The Royal Australian Regiment and the Australian Army."[158]

Citation: “On the night of 10/11 December 1952, Sergeant McNulty commanded the reserve section and the assault pioneer group of the force which assaulted enemy positions on 'Flora' (CT 161208). As the force approached the objective it came under heavy enemy small arms and grenade fire. It quickly became apparent that the enemy holding the position was in far greater strength than anticipated. Sergeant McNulty's force was immediately committed in a mopping-up role. With his small party he searched for and located many enemy shelters and bunkers, inflicting casualties and serious material damage on the enemy. It was due to his energetic and courageous action during this period that many enemy posts, which had been bypassed in the initial assault, were destroyed, thus keeping friendly casualties to a minimum. As his force cleared the objective, an enemy machine-gun opened up, wounding one man. Sergeant McNulty helped to move the wounded man to safety but, in doing so, was struck by a bullet, which was fortunately deflected by his armored jacket. With complete disregard for his own safety and despite being shaken by his near miss, he personally assaulted the position with grenades and killed the crew. He then began the collection of wounded in the area, moving freely through the enemy defensive fire that was now beginning to fall. When the order for the withdrawal was given, Sergeant McNulty checked his troops through and waited until all had cleared the position before he himself withdrew from the area. Through his personal courage and disregard for his own safety he significantly contributed to maintaining the momentum of the assault. He set a splendid example to his men and infused them with a determination which contributed largely to the success of the operation.”[159][160]

Died valorously in action

  • In Volume III of Ab Jansen Wespennest Leeuwarden at page 167, SGT. Peter McNulty (then aged 21 years) Royal Air Force, WWII, bomber tail gunner who died on board a British Allied Forces Short Stirling MK1 heavy bomber in air over the Dutch coast on May 4, 1943 during his 6th aerial mission. He is buried on the Continent in a marked grave at Midwolda, Groningen (province).[163] Such airmen repeatedly went to air in defense of their country, family and other loved ones knowing that the life expectancy of a British bomber crewman in WWII was just 12 missions and for a tail gunner like Peter McNulty much, much shorter.[164]

Places & their namesakes

This is a nighttime view of McNulty Hall, which is Seton Hall University's Technology and Research Center. The famed "Atom Wall" mural, depicting God, gifting scientific knowledge to man, can be viewed in the building's atrium. McNulty Hall also houses an observatory and large amphitheater.
The McAnulty School of Liberal Arts building at Duquesne University.

Found in a single location on the earth’s surface, that is McNulty Gulch near Leadville Colorado, McNulty rhyolite is a comparatively rare gem rock (geology) quality variety of rhyolite rock. McNulty rhyolite appears in the official U.S. Department of Interior, United States Geological Survey Lexicon of Geological Names of the United States.[172]

See also

Legion of Merit
There are more notable McNulty United States Armed Forces Legion of Merit medal recipients listed in this Wikipedia article (5 total recipients) than persons of any other surname. Among these McNulty recipients are Richard R. McNulty (Rear Admiral USN), founder of the United States Merchant Marine Academy, James F. McNulty (Rear Admiral USMS), the U.S. Navy surface warfare officer, who, later, became chief of staff of the Naval War College, the U.S. Navy research and educational institution charged with developing and disseminating to its officers new methods of naval warfare, and U.S. Army Colonel William A. McNulty, the battalion commander, who in face of fierce defensive machine gun and tank, anti-tank and other artillery fire, led Patton's U.S. 3rd Army troops across the Saar river to establish the bridgehead at Serrig from which the U.S. 3rd Army swept into Germany's Saarland to decimate Nazi Germany's 1st and 7th Armies (also, awarded Silver Star and the Croix de guerre 1939-1945 (France) for same action). The Legion of Merit medal is awarded by the U.S. for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements.
  • Genealogy of the kings of the Ulaid
  • [58] Here courtesy of Motor Marques is a 1938 photograph of Australian automotive manufacturer, racer, engineer and designer William "Bill" Conoulty racing his "Conoulty Special Austin Comet".
  • [59] Here for view courtesy of BBC is Clare Collas' oil on canvas portrait of Dr. Sir Arthur Salusbury MacNalty in elder life, hanging in the collection of the Royal College of Physicians, London
  • [60] Here is the U.K. National Health Service official site's photograph portrait of Dr. Sir Arthur Salusbury MacNalty (there listed as Arthur McNalty #8) along with portraits of all of the other of the U.K.'s Chief Medical Officers since Victorian times.
  • [61] Here are several photographs of the USS McNulty (DE 581) and a photograph in naval uniform of that ship's namesake Lt. (j.g.) John Thomas McNulty, from navsource.org.
  • [62] Here is a post WWII photograph portrait and detail for U.S. Army Col. William Anderson McNulty from findagrave.com.
  • [63] Photographs of Rear Admiral (then Commander) James F. McNulty and some early biography detail are here available for view.

References

  1. ^ Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 128, 319
  2. ^ a b c Neafsey, Edward (2002). The Surnames of Ireland: Origins and Numbers of Selected Irish Surnames. Irish Roots. p. 168. ISBN 9780940134973.
  3. ^ G.H. Hack Genealogical History of the Donlevy Family Columbus, Ohio: printed for private distribution by Chaucer Press, Evans Printing Co. (1901), p 38 (Wisconsin Historical Society Copy)
  4. ^ See,Adolph, Anthony (2010). Collins Tracing Your Irish Family History. HarperCollins. p. 232. ISBN 9780007360956., noting that the Mac prefix element of a Gaelic patronymic surname or clan name (see Anthony, ibid, p. 230) is not actually the Gaelic word Mac, meaning son, but, is a shortened form of the original pre-11th century Gaelic prefix “mac meic” meaning “the son of the son of … etc.”
  5. ^ 11th Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Merriam Webster’s, Inc., © 2003, 2004, p. 1189, this less common English usage of son to which "Mac" properly translates when used as the element of a Gaelic patronymic is “son … 3 : a person closely associated with or deriving from a formative agent (as a nation, school or race)
  6. ^ Dictionary of American Family Names, Vol. 2 G-N, Oxford, Oxford University Press, © 2003, ISBN 0-19-516558-6 (Vol. 2), p 560
  7. ^ [1] Origin of the Surname, McNulty, and its Association with the McDonlevys/Dunleavys of County Down, Appendix 1, by Paul B. McNulty, Emeritus Professor, University College Dublin, a genealogical researcher and Irish language speaker.
  8. ^ The World Book Dictionary, in 2 volumes, Volume 2 (L-Z), Chicago, World Book, Inc., © 2005, ISBN 978-0-7166-0201-9 (set), ISBN 0-7166-0201-6 (set), p. 1528 (pertaining to Mac element only) “patronymic … a name derived from name of paternal ancestor, especially by addition of a prefix … (usage example) MacDonald meaning ‘descendant of Donald’ …”
  9. ^ [2] Origin of the Surname, McNulty, and its Association with the McDonlevys/Dunleavys of County Down by Paul B. McNulty, Emeritus Professor, University College Dublin, a genealogical researcher and Irish language speaker. Prof. McNulty, under subtitle “Migration of the Dunleavys From County Down” states “This (m’Nich Ultagh) presumably was further transformed to Mac an Ultaigh because the British had confused the female prefix, Nic/Nich., with the male prefix, Mac (Appendix 3, p 19)." Appendix 3 noting the confusion of the Irish Mac and Nic prefixes for Mac an Ultaigh and Nic an Ultaigh on the 1601 Elizabethan pardon of one Morris m’Nich Ultagh, which is Fiant number 6494, is sourced at footnote 69.
  10. ^ P. Hanks and F. Hodges, A Dictionary of Surnames, Oxford, Oxford University Press, ©1988, ISBN 0-19-211592-8, p 367
  11. ^ P. Hanks and F. Hodges, A Dictionary of Surnames, Oxford, Oxford University Press, ©1988, ISBN 0-19-211592-8, p 366
  12. ^ Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 356 (anglicized from Irish "Ónultaċáin", at Mac Duinnshléibhe) See example record for a Patrick O’Nalty (1820-1890) of Mayo, Ireland (d. Louisville, Kentucky U.S.A.), the son of Thomas Nalty (1849-1884) and the father of John and Michael Nalty[3] As additional example, see July 28, 2005 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant obituary for one Anna O’Nalty of Atlanta, Georgia and family members listed therein [4]
  13. ^ Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 141
  14. ^ a b Encyclopedia of American Family Names, H. Robb and A. Chesler, © 1995, New England Publishing Associates, Inc. (Harper Collins) ISBN 0-06-27005-8, p. 488
  15. ^ Dictionary of American Family Names, Vol 2 G-N, Oxford, Oxford University Press © 2003 ISBN 0-19-516558-6 (Vol. 2), p 543
  16. ^ Neafsey, Edward (2002), The Surnames of Ireland: Origins and Numbers of Selected Irish Surnames, Irish Roots, p. 168, a surname population study by an urban planner with 1 of its pages relevant to the surname McNulty and, thereat, containing some surname history, which is all derivative from the Irish scholar Patrick Woulfe’s earlier work, noting McAnulty variant is today rare “The early anglicized form of MacAnulty accounts for 6%.”
  17. ^ Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 125, 319
  18. ^ P. Hanks and F. Hodges, A Dictionary of Surnames, Oxford, Oxford University Press, ©1988, ISBN 0-19-211592-8, p 361
  19. ^ See Dictionary of American Family Names, P. Hanks editor, Vol. 2, Oxford, Oxford University Press, © Patrick Hanks, ISBN 0-19-516558-6 (Vol. 2) p. 652 at “Naulty”, which is there noted to be reduced from McNaulty and p. 683 at “Nulty”, which is there noted to have been reduced from McNulty
  20. ^ See also Elsdon C. Smith New Dictionary of American Surnames © 1956, 1973 New York: Harper and Row Publishers, p 366 at Nalty, which is there noted to be a variation of Naulty
  21. ^ Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 319 “… MacNulty … It is now common in Mayo and Meath. In the latter county, it is always angl. Nulty.” See also “Nolty” and “Nulty” at pp. 141-142.
  22. ^ Edward MacLysaght, Irish Families – Their Names, Arms and Origins, © 1972 Allen Figgis and Co. Ltd., in U.S.A., New York, Crown Publishers, Inc. p. 244 “MacNULTY … The name is also found in Co. Meath but usually it is shorn of its prefix Mac there.”
  23. ^ Neafsey, Edward (2002), The Surnames of Ireland: Origins and Numbers of Selected Irish Surnames, Irish Roots, p. 168, states that families who have dropped the Mac or Mc prefix account for 13% of all families in Ireland otherwise surnamed Mac or Mc Nulty.
  24. ^ See John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 2, where “Mac Nulty” at page 908 of the volume’s “Index of Sirnames” appears with a space between its Mac prefix and Nulty but referencing to the unspaced “MacNulty, Donegal”, “MacNulty, Cavan”, “MacNulty, Mayo” at p. 9 of the volume under subtitle “Families of Ireland”.
  25. ^ See, The Famine Immigrants - Lists of Irish Immigrants Arriving at the Port of New York, 1846-1851, in multiple volumes, Ira A. Glazier, editor, © 1983 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., ISBN 0-8063-1024-3, Vol. 1 (January 1846 – June 1847), where at p. 49 “Mcnulty” appears alternately without its N capitalized after the prefix Mac.
  26. ^ The New Century Dictionary of the English Language, H. G. Emery and K. G. Brewster, ed., New York, The Century Co., © 1927, 1929, P.F. Collier & Son Co., New York sole distributor, Vol. 2 leaver – stone, p. 994
  27. ^ See, also, John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, where M’Nulty appears at p. 912 in the volumes “Index of Sirnames” but referencing to at p. 814 of its “List of officers in Meagher’s Irish Brigade”, which is there noted to have fought in the U.S. Civil War at least at Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, “Officers: … McNulty, Owen … (full) Lieutenant … 69th New York Volunteers” (father of U.S. Representative and labor leader Frank Joseph McNulty).
  28. ^ Fowler’s Modern English Usage, 3rd edition by R.W. Burchfield, Oxford, Oxford University Press, © 1968, 1996, revised 3rd edition 1998, reissued with title change 2004, p. 474
  29. ^ The Columbia Viking Desk Encyclopedia, 3rd edition, © 1968 New York, New York, Viking Press, Inc., in 2 volumes, Vol. 2, “M’” at p. 640, also, at p. 640, “Mac” … “Mac, Mc, or M’ [Irish=son], element in names derived from Irish or Scottish Gaelic patronymics. … It is untrue that some forms of the prefix are typically Scottish or Irish. In this book all names beginning with any of the three forms are alphabeted as Mac-.”
  30. ^ 4th MacEachen’s Gaelic-English Dictionary, Inverness, The Northern Counties Newspaper and Printing and Publishing Company, Limited, 1922, p. 280
  31. ^ 4th MacEachen’s Gaelic-English Dictionary, Inverness, The Northern Counties Newspaper and Printing and Publishing Company, Limited, 1922, p. 309
  32. ^ The World Book Dictionary, in 2 volumes, Volume 2 (L-Z), Chicago, World Book, Inc., © 2005, ISBN 978-0-7166-0201-9 (set), ISBN 0-7166-0201-6 (set), p. 1528 “patronymic … a name derived from name of paternal ancestor, especially by addition of a prefix … (usage example) MacDonald meaning ‘descendant of Donald’ …”
  33. ^ Also, The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary, in 2 volumes, Oxford, Oxford University Press, © 1971, 26th printing July, 1987, Vol. 1 (A-O), p. 1960, in context of a Gaelic patronymic surname and, normally, also clan name, which by prefixing claims descent from a thereafter named common founding ancestor of an Irish or Scottish clan or clanna, that is, archaically, claims a national or clan membership, “O, O’ … The Irish word ō, ua, OIr. au, ‘descendant’, used as a prefix of Irish patronymic surnames … a member of an ancient Irish family. … P. Gillmore Hunter’s Arcadia, An Irishman who claims his direct descent from Finn McCoul or some king whose name begins with an ‘O’ or ‘Mc’. ”
  34. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, in 2 volumes, Oxford, Oxford University Press, © 1971, 26th printing July, 1987, Volume 2 (P-Z), p. 2918, also provides the less common World Book usage of son with which the Gaelic language "Mac" translates to English when used as the element of a patronymic “6. A male descendant of some person or representative of some race … CHAUCER Sec. Nun’s T. 62 Though that I unworthy sone of Eve, Be synful … SCOTT Monast. Introd., They have no share in the promise made to the sons of Adam”
  35. ^ Adolph, Anthony (2010). Collins Tracing Your Irish Family History. HarperCollins. p. 232. ISBN 9780007360956.
  36. ^ a b ”Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 319
  37. ^ Elsdon C. Smith, New Dictionary of American Surnames, New York, Harper and Row, © 1956, 1973, pp. 330, 367
  38. ^ The Encyclopedia of Ireland, B. Lalor and F. McCourt editors, © 2003 New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 1089 ISBN 0-300-09442-6, noting that Ulaidh was the original tribal designation of the Uluti, identifiable as the Voluntii of the Ptolomey map (See 2nd century AD Geographia of Ptolemy), who occupied, at start, all of the historic province of Ulster.
  39. ^ Neafsey, Edward (2002), The Surnames of Ireland: Origins and Numbers of Selected Irish Surnames, Irish Roots, p. 168 “Ultach was a territory in the northeast of Ireland after which the much larger province of Ulster was named.”
  40. ^ The Encyclopedia of Ireland, B. Lalor and F. McCourt editors, © 2003 New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 1089 ISBN 0-300-09442-6, equating the original territorial extent of the Ulaidh (province) with Ulster province
  41. ^ a b The Oxford Companion to Irish History, 2nd ed., S.J. Connolly editor, © 1998, 2002 Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 350-351, ISBN 0-19-866270-X
  42. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, (Principal Families of Ulster) p. 819 (footnote), also, The Oxford Companion of Irish History and the 11th Encyclopedia Britannica, concurring too in equating the province of Ulster and the original Ulaidh (province)
  43. ^ See also [5](for general info)
  44. ^ Angelo Forte, Richard D. Oram, Frederik Pedersen Viking Empires Cambridge University Press (2005) ISBN 0521829925, 9780521829922, p. 121
  45. ^ S. Plantagenet & S. Fiona A History of Ireland (1991) Psychology Press ISBN 0415048885, 9780415048880 pp 25-26 “But if no Roman army ever attacked from Britain, Irish raiders in groups or in larger contingents certainly attacked Britain in Roman times. As one authority put it ‘The Irish were a threat in Wales by the late third century, and a positive menace by the forth.’ … The activities of the Irish against Britain during those times began as a series of sea raids up and down the western side … he may have captured a young Romano-British boy, aged about 16, named Patricius, son of Calpurnius, a decurian (local magistrate) … This was the future St. Patrick.”
  46. ^ See also [6] The Viking In Ireland
  47. ^ 4th MacEachen’s Gaelic-English Dictionary, Inverness, The Northern Counties Newspaper and Printing and Publishing Company, Limited, 1922, p. 452
  48. ^ Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed., © 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica Company, Cambridge, England, p. 569 “Ulster (U’ladh) was one of the early provincial kingdoms of Ireland, formed, according to the legendary chronicles at the Milesian conquest of the island ten centuries before Christ, and given to the descendants of Ir …”
  49. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, (The Line of Ir) p. 299 and (The Line of Heremon), pp. 351 and 355 (O’Hart’s chronology differs from the Britannica in that at its page 351 at “37.” it sets the date of establishment of the Ulaid state at 1699 BC, which has greater coincidence to the date of archeological evidence of an overwhelming 15th-century BC migration of Iberian Celts to Ireland, but at its page 355 at “72.”, O’Hart’s chronology concurs with the Britannica that Ulster province was granted as a kingdom to the descendants of Ir, which prince O’Hart notes at page 299 at “37.” to have been a son of Milesius of Spain, who did not survive the Milesian or Iberians’ conquest of Ireland but died in a ship sinking before that war vessel reached Ireland.)
  50. ^ The Encyclopedia of Ireland, B. Lalor and F. McCourt editors, © 2003 New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 1089 ISBN 0-300-09442-6, discussing the rapid diminution of the original territory of Ulahd province, so that for most of the historic existence of the Ulaidh, it consisted only of the extreme Eastern portion of Ulster
  51. ^ Edward MacLysaght, Irish Families – Their Names, Arms and Origins, © 1972 Allen Figgis and Co. Ltd., in U.S.A., New York, Crown Publishers, Inc. p. 118, “Mac Duinnshléibhe in Irish-though in some early manuscripts, e.g., the ‘Topographical Poems’ of O’Dugan and O’Heerin, the prefix O’ is used.”
  52. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, pp. 351-355 (The Line of Heremon) , “Heremon was the seventh son of Milesius of Spain … but the third of the three sons who left any issue. From him were descended the Kings, Nobility, and Gentry of the Kingdoms of Connaught,* Dalraida, Leinster, Meath, Orgiall, Ossory; of Scotland, since the fifth century; and of England, from the reign of Henry II., down to the present time.”, also, pp. 426, 427, 428 and 466 (Heremon Genealogies), p. 819 (Principal Families of Ulster) (O’Hart, a historian, but also in some significant measure a recounter of tradition, elsewhere in volume 1 of Irish Pedigrees, continues to trace this royal line from Milesius of Spain through the Pharos of Egypt and, finally, to the Patriarchs of the Bible and Adam)
  53. ^ 11th Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Merriam Webster’s, Inc., © 2003, 2004, p. 227 “a Celtic group esp. within the Scottish Highlands comprising a number of households whose heads claim descent from a common ancestor”
  54. ^ 4th MacEachen’s Gaelic-English Dictionary, Inverness, The Northern Counties Newspaper and Printing and Publishing Company, Limited, 1922, p. 90, pl., literally, “offspring”
  55. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, p. 351 (The Line of Heremon), p. 466 (Heremon Genealogies) at “Garvey. (No. 2) of Tirowen. … 92. Ultach … his son; a quo MacAnUltaigh, anglicized MacNulty, Nulty, and Nalty. … 101. … his son O’Gairbidh (of Tirowen) anglicized Garvey.”, p. 819 (Principal Families of Ulster)
  56. ^ [7] Origin of the Surname, McNulty, and its Association with the McDonlevys/Dunleavys of County Down by Paul B. McNulty, Emeritus Professor, University College Dublin, a genealogical researcher and Irish language speaker, also notes under section “Migration of the Dunleavys from County Down” the McNulty to be ancestors of the O’Garvey of Tyrone and, also, that this “pedigree is distinct from that of the Dunleavys.”
  57. ^ G.H. Hack Genealogical History of the Donlevy Family Columbus, Ohio: printed for private distribution by Chaucer Press, Evans Printing Co. (1901), pp 16-17 (Wisconsin Historical Society Copy)
  58. ^ Elsdon C. Smith New Dictionary of American Surnames, New York: Harper and Row, © 1956, 1973, p. 367
  59. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, (Heremon Genealogies), p. 428, including notes, “… The dominant family in Ulidia, when, A.D. 1177, it was invaded by John de Courcey, was that of Cu-Ulahd … Latinized Canis Ultoniae … meaning that this chief of Ulidia (which in the 12th century constituted also the ‘Kingdom of Ulster’) was swift footed as a hound. …”
  60. ^ [8] Origin of the Surname, McNulty, and its Association with the McDonlevys/Dunleavys of County Down by Paul B. McNulty, Emeritus Professor, University College Dublin, a genealogical researcher and Irish language speaker, Origin of Surnames, “Donn Sléibhe and Cú Uladh were found to carry through three (1020-1169) and two (1070-1169) periods respectively.”
  61. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, pp. 428, 466 and 819
  62. ^ [9] Origin of the Surname, McNulty, and its Association with the McDonlevys/Dunleavys of County Down by Paul B. McNulty, Emeritus Professor, University College Dublin, a genealogical researcher and Irish language speaker, sections “McDonlevys/Dunleavys of County Down” and “Migration of the Dunleavys from County Down”
  63. ^ Eoin MacNeill, "Early Irish Population Groups: their nomenclature, classification and chronology", in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (C) 29. (1911): 59–114
  64. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, p. 819 (Principal Families of Ulster), p. 466 (Heremon Genealogies)
  65. ^ War of Independence online archive, © 2011, Article about the foundation of Na Fianna Eireann – The Irish National Boy Scouts by the late Donnchadh Ó Shea.
  66. ^ Robert Bell The Book of Ulster surnames, p. 180, Belfast: Blackstaff © 1988, ”The MacNultys were a sept of south Donegal …”
  67. ^ Brian Mitchell The Surnames of Derry, p. 105, Derry: Geaneology Centre © 1992, “… sept originated in South Donegal.”
  68. ^ Edward MacLysaght, Irish Families – Their Names, Arms and Origins, © 1972 Allen Figgis and Co. Ltd., in U.S.A., New York, Crown Publishers, Inc. p. 244, “ … belong to-day, as they have done since the inception of surnames, to north-west Ulster—to Donegal … “
  69. ^ Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 319, “MacAnulty, MacKNulty, MacNulty, Nulty; ‘son of the Ulidian’, (or native of eastern Ulster, Ir. ‘Ultac.’)”
  70. ^ Edward MacLysaght, The Surnames of Ireland, 5th Edition, Irish Academic Press, Dublin, 1980, p 238, 292
  71. ^ Seán De Bhulbh, Sloinnte uile Éireann Comhar-Chumann Íde Naofa, Faing, Co. Luimnigh, 2002, p 138
  72. ^ G.H. Hack Genealogical History of the Donlevy Family Columbus, Ohio: printed for private distribution by Chaucer Press, Evans Printing Co. (1901), p 38 (Wisconsin Historical Society Copy)
  73. ^ Again, Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 355
  74. ^ again, G.H. Hack Genealogical History of the Donlevy Family Columbus, Ohio: printed for private distribution by Chaucer Press, Evans Printing Co. (1901), p 38 (Wisconsin Historical Society Copy)
  75. ^ [10] Origin of the Surname, McNulty, and its Association with the McDonlevys/Dunleavys of County Down by Paul B. McNulty, Emeritus Professor, University College Dublin, a genealogical researcher and Irish language speaker.
  76. ^ Rev. Patrick Woulfe, Priest of the Diocese of Limerick, Member of the Council, National Academy of Ireland, Irish Names and Surnames, © 1967 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, in Irish and English, p. 518, “O’Duįnnsléibe … also known by surname MacDuįnnsléibe … and by there place of origin Ultaċ and Utaċán.”, and, also, at p. 356 “… also Ultaċ and Utaċán, …” and “Cf. Ultaċ and Utaċán.”
  77. ^ John O’Hart, Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, in two volumes, originally published in Dublin in 1892, reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976, Vol. 1, pp.426-428, (Dunlevy pedigree)
  78. ^ Edward MacLysaght, Irish Families – Their Names, Arms and Origins, © 1972 Allen Figgis and Co. Ltd., in U.S.A., New York, Crown Publishers, Inc. p. 119
  79. ^ Dictionary of National Biography Sidney Lee, ed., New York: MacMillan & Co.; London: Smith, Elder & Co. (1893), Vol. 35 Mac Carwell – Maltby, p 52
  80. ^ G.H. Hack Genealogical History of the Donlevy Family Columbus, Ohio: printed for private distribution by Chaucer Press, Evans Printing Co. (1901), p 38 (Wisconsin Historical Society Copy)
  81. ^ Edward MacLysaght, The Surnames of Ireland, 5th Edition, Irish Academic Press, Dublin, 1980, p 238, 292, who cites to 2 entries in The Annals of the Four Masters, which is a historical chronicle that records, among other matter, the births and deaths of Gaelic nobility. The first entry cited is an entry recording the 1395 A.D. death of a Maurice, the son of one “Paul Utach”, who is, himself, recorded there to be “Chief Physician of Tyrconnell” and also as “Paul the Ulidian”. It is there in the Annals further stated by its authors of the father Paul Ultach that “This is the present usual Irish name of the Mac Donlevy, who were originally chiefs of Ulidia. The branch of the family who became physicians to O’Donnell are still extant (at time of compilation of the Annals in the 17th century just after the fall of the last Gaelic sovereignty of Tyrconnell in 1607), near Kilmacrenan, in the county of Donegal.” The second citation is to an entry recording the 1586 A.D. death of "Owen Utach", who is therein noted to be a particularly distinguished and skilled physician. The Annals compilers further elaborate of Owen Ultach at this entry that “His real name was Donlevy or, Mac Donlevy. He was physician to O’Donnell.”
  82. ^ Francis J. Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings, Four Courts Press, 2001, p. 128, “So for instance when after 1137 the Dal Fiatach kingship was confined to the descendants of Donn Sleibe Mac Eochada (slain in 1091), the rigdamnai set themselves apart from the rest of the family by using the name Mac Duinnshleibhe (Donleavy).”
  83. ^ Again, The Oxford Companion to Irish History, 2nd ed., S.J. Connolly editor, © 1998, 2002 Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 350-351, ISBN 0-19-866270-X
  84. ^ See A. Nic Donnchadha, “Medical Writing in Irish”, in 2000 Years of Irish Medicine, J.B. Lyons, ed., Dublin, Eirinn Health Care Publications © 2000, p. 217 (Nic Donchadha contribution reprinted from Irish Journal of Medicine, Vol. 169, No. 3, pp 217-220, again, at 217). See, also, generally, Susan Wilkinson, “Early Medical Education in Ireland”, Irish Migration Studies in Latin America, Vol. 6, No. 3 (November 2008). Both of the preceding articles also discuss the high status that physicians were accorded in Gaelic society. Wilkinson at page 158 specifically discusses the particularly high status of "ollahm leighis".
  85. ^ Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, P. William Filby and Mary K. Meyer, editors, in 3 volumes with subsequent annual bound supplements, © 1981 Detroit: Gale Research Company, Vol. 2 (H-N), p. 1412 McNulty, Dan’l (Philadelphia 1802), McNulty, James (Philadelphia 1813), McNulty, Sarah (New York 1823 with 3 children), p. 1539 Naulty, James (Philadelphia 1832), p. 1568 Nulty, Eugenius (Philadelphia 1834)
  86. ^ New World Immigrants, Michael Tepper ed., (c) 1979 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., in 2 volumes, Volume II, Passenger Lists Published in the Shamrock or Irish Chronicle, for arrivals in New York, New York (before time of first official government compilations of arrival lists for port of New York), (1811) p. 339, Mac annulty, James, noted arriving in New York, New York and (1815-1816) p. 359 , MacAnalty, Patrick of Sligo, noted arriving in New York, New York, p. 362, MacNulty, Wm. of Tauley, noted arriving in New York, New York and from British Museum Transcripts, p. 313, McNalty, Hugh of Bangor, County Down, noted in 1806 departing Ulster for U.S. port unspecified
  87. ^ Ship Passenger Lists, National and New England (1600-1825), ed. Carl Boyer, Newhall, California, (c) 1977, ISBN 0-936124-00-8, p. 121, again, McNalty, Hugh, of Bangor, County Down, noted in 1806 departing Ulster for U.S. port
  88. ^ The Famine Immigrants - Lists of Irish Immigrants Arriving at the Port of New York, 1846-1851, in multiple volumes, Ira A. Glazier, editor, © 1983 Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., ISBN 0-8063-1024-3, Vol. 1 (January 1846 – June 1847), Mcanulty pp. 27, 372, 424, 559, Mcnalty pp. 259, 410, 461, 501, Mcnulty pp. 49, 63, 67, 68, 74, 93, 94, 110, 139, 148, 151, 187, 211, 230, 250, 255, 292, 308, 332, 343, 363, 388, 403, 411, 423, 461, 468, 489, 516, 537, 544, 554, 576, 604, 617, Nulty pp. 14, 67, 101, 146, 150, 173, 185, 188, 200, 231, 455, 498, 533, 605, Vol. 2 (July 1847-June 1848) Mcanulty pp 252, 382, Mcnalty p. 256, Mcnaulty pp. 16, 138, Mcnultay p. 521, Mcnulty pp. 12, 18, 21, 94, 114, 120, 172, 201, 278, 282, 292, 451, 468, 507, 508, Nulty pp. 10, 45, 53, 89, 137, 293, 373, 375, 414, 450, 459
  89. ^ Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, P. William Filby and Mary K. Meyer, editors, in 3 volumes with subsequent annual bound supplements, © 1981 Detroit: Gale Research Company, Vol. 2 (H-N), pp. 1412 , 1539 , and 1568
  90. ^ [11]
  91. ^ sofeminine.co.uk surnames
  92. ^ "A note on the simultaneous occurrence of sinus and ventricular rhythm in man", Lewis T, Macnalty AS, J Physiol. 1908 Dec 15;37(5-6):445-58
  93. ^ [12] moshimonster McNulty
  94. ^ Clark G. Reynolds, Famous American Admirals, © 2002, Naval Institute Press, 1st Naval Edition, ISBN 9781557500069, pp. 215-216
  95. ^ [13], Naval History & Heritage Command catalogue of the U.S. Naval War College Library's naval military history source materials collection, Capt. James F. McNulty
  96. ^ Marquis Who’s Who in America, Vol. 26 (1950-1952), Chicago, A.N. Marquis Co., © 1950, p. 1709
  97. ^ Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, James L. Mooney, U.S. Naval Historical Center, ed., (1976) Navy Dept., Office of Chief of Naval Operations, Naval History Division, Vol. 6, p. 6, “Willard J. McNulty”
  98. ^ [14], chronology of commanding officers of the U.S.S. Maury (AGS-16)
  99. ^ Lewis and Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest, E.W. Wright, ed., © 1895 Lewis and Dryden Printing Co., p. 93 (including importantly footnotes thereof), available on demand historically replicated in reprint as ISBN 9785884013193
  100. ^ [15] Naval History and Heritage Command history and detail for U.S.S. McNulty
  101. ^ [16] Naval History and Heritage Command , Ship Naming Conventions, adding that United States Navy destroyers are only named for U.S. Naval leaders and war heroes
  102. ^ [17], "MCNULTY, John Thomas, Lieutenant (jg), USN. Wife, Mrs. Helen K. McNulty, 1116 S. Paxon St., Philadelphia."
  103. ^ Authority, citation, Official Records, U.S. Department of Defense (also awarded Distinguished Service Cross (United States) in same action, source War Department: General Order No. 20)
  104. ^ Authority - USMC Communiqué: 0587-1-3 ACE-fjb (18 July 1930)
  105. ^ [18], Home of Heroes, also, notes award of Navy Cross for same action
  106. ^ [19], synopsis of Navy Cross citation noting rank of Sergeant instead of more specific Gunner or Gunnery
  107. ^ [20]
  108. ^ [21] Gannet Military Times, citing to Jane Blakeney Heroes of the U.S. Marine Corps 1861-1955 (1957) Washington, D.C. Blakeney Publishing
  109. ^ [22], citing Akron Beacon Journal for February 11, 2010
  110. ^ [23] Gannet Military Times Hall of Valor here providing full citations and general orders for award of all of U.S. Marine Corps Gunnery McNulty’s Navy Cross, Distinguished Service Cross and both of his Silver Stars
  111. ^ a b General Orders: Citation Orders, 2d Division, American Expeditionary Forces
  112. ^ [24] Home of Heroes
  113. ^ [25] Casualties List provided at genealogical site
  114. ^ General Orders: Commander 7th Fleet: Serial 0746
  115. ^ [26] Gannet Military Times Hall of Valor
  116. ^ [27], naval service and family info
  117. ^ [28], War Memorial
  118. ^ citation text of General Orders: Headquarters, 3d Army, General Order No. 158 (July 2, 1945), awarding Lt. Col. William A. McNulty the Silver Star
  119. ^ Tony Le Tissier Patton’s Pawns The 94th U.S. Infantry Division at the Siegfried Line (2007) University of Alabama Press, Chapter 8 “Crossing the Saar” (commencing at p. 147) p. 158
  120. ^ again, citation text of General Orders: Headquarters, 3d Army, General Order No. 158 (July 2, 1945), awarding Lt. Col. William A. McNulty the Silver Star
  121. ^ See, generally, D'Este, Carlo (1995), Patton: A Genius for War, New York City, New York: Harper Collins, ISBN 0-06-016455-7
  122. ^ John Thomas Scharf 1819-1880 Volume 3 of History of Maryland from the Earliest Period to the Present Day J.B. Piet (1879) p. 609
  123. ^ Scott C. Patchan Shenandoah Summer: The 1864 Valley Campaign (2009) University of Nebraska Press pp. 287-289
  124. ^ J. Thomas Scharf History of Western Maryland (2003) Genealogical Publishing Co. p 337 ISBN 0806345659, 9780806345659, noting also that “This company (Baltimore Light Artillery) served with distinguished gallantry during the entire war in the Army of Northern Virginia.”
  125. ^ David Power Conyngham The Irish Brigade and Its Campaigns Fordham University Press 1867 pp. 511 and 557 ISBN0823215784, 9780823215782
  126. ^ General Order No. 46, W.D., 1919
  127. ^ amedd.army Amedd Army
  128. ^ [29] Home of Heroes
  129. ^ [30] Home of Heroes
  130. ^ [31] genealogy site detail
  131. ^ [32] 31st Infantry Veterans
  132. ^ [33] 31st U.S. Infantry Regiment, History, Col. (ret.) Karl H. Lowe American’s Foreign Legion, The 31st Infantry Regiment at War and Peace, A book in progress Chapter 6 “Bataan and Corregidor 1941-1942” pp. 16-18
  133. ^ [34] 31st U.S. Infantry Regiment, History, Col. (ret.) Karl H. Lowe American’s Foreign Legion, The 31st Infantry Regiment at War and Peace, A book in progress Chapter 7 “Captivity 1942-1945”, “Cabanatuan Roster” … ”Company L”
  134. ^ General Orders: Headquarters, U.S. Army Air Forces, Iceland, General Orders No. 12 (1943)
  135. ^ [35] Gannet Military Times Hall of Valor
  136. ^ [36] “Hats Off to Mystery Serviceman” Dalton Daily Citizen September 22, 2011
  137. ^ [37], Home of Heroes
  138. ^ General Orders: Headquarters, 42d Infantry Division, General Orders No. 13 (1945)
  139. ^ [38] Gannet Military Times, Hall of Valor, photograph of PFC McNulty here also available for view
  140. ^ [39] Gannett Military Times Hall of Valor
  141. ^ General Orders: General Orders No. 38 (1951), Headquarters, 1st Cavalry Division (1951)
  142. ^ [40] Gannet Military Times Hall of Valor
  143. ^ Home of Heroes
  144. ^ General Orders: Headquarters, 3d Army, General Orders No. 158 (July 2, 1945)
  145. ^ [41] Gannet Military Times Hall of Valor
  146. ^ [42]
  147. ^ [43]
  148. ^ [44] Iraq War Heroes
  149. ^ [45] Arlington National Cemetery official biography
  150. ^ Congressional Record Volume 141, Number 116 (Tuesday, July 18, 1995) Page E1460
  151. ^ ENIAC's first use was in calculations for the hydrogen bomb. Moye, William T (January 1996). "ENIAC: The Army-Sponsored Revolution". US Army Research Laboratory. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
  152. ^ [46] Naval History and Heritage Command
  153. ^ [47] chronology of commanding officers of the U.S.S. Maury (AGS-16)
  154. ^ [48] chronological photo archive of USS Renate AKA-36 and/or USS Maury AGS-16
  155. ^ [49] USS Maury AGS-16 tribute site noting ship’s extensive surveys along eastern coast of Vietnam in 1966, 1967 and 1968 during the height of the Vietnam War.
  156. ^ [50]
  157. ^ corresponding goatskin Morocco leather bound, CIA Book of Honor at Memorial Wall in steel frame under 1” thick glass (26 of the 103 stars remain unnamed for national security reasons even in death. The identities of these “unnamed stars” are not included in the Book of Honor and remain secret.)
  158. ^ [51] 5th Regiment Website
  159. ^ [52] Korean War Online
  160. ^ Brisbane Courier-Mail Thursday March 11, 1954, p. 6, “Queen’s Interest in Korea Men (Twenty veterans at investiture) … Military Medal … Sergeant Edward John McNulty …”
  161. ^ [53], citing to London Gazette dated 10 October 1944 and AFRO 2534/44 dated 24 November 1944
  162. ^ [54]
  163. ^ [55], referencing Ab Jansen Wespennest Leeuwarden, Vol. III, page 167, a copyrighted photograph therefrom of the Sergeant with the other of the 4 engined Short Stirling bomber’s crew is also here available for view
  164. ^ [56] Orleans Online Vol. 1, Week 51, Fred Sherwin’s regular “View Point” column
  165. ^ Henry Stevens Washington Chemical Analysis of Igneous Rocks (USGS Professional Paper No. 14) Washington, D.C.: Govt. Printing Office (1903) p 163
  166. ^ A.H. Koschmann and M.H. Bergendahl Principal Gold Producing Districts of the United States (Geological Survey Professional Paper 610) Washington: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (1968) (Library of Congress catalog-card no. GS 68-341) p 117
  167. ^ O.J. Hollister The mines of Colorado Springfield, Massachusetts: S. Bowles & Co. (1867) p 326
  168. ^ A.H. Koschmann and M.H. Bergendahl Principal Gold Producing Districts of the United States (Geological Survey Professional Paper 610) Washington: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (1968) (Library of Congress catalog-card no. GS 68-341) p 86
  169. ^ The Mansfield Herald March 6, 1884, Vol. 34, No. 16
  170. ^ W.J. Davis An Illustrated History of Sacramento County Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co. (1890) Chapter 7 “County Government” pp 39-45
  171. ^ [57] St. Petersburg Times
  172. ^ Lexicon of Geological Names of the United States (Including Alaska) Part 2 M-Z (Geological Survey Bulletin 896) Mary Grace Wilmarth, compiler, p. 1260, United States Dept. of Interior, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (1938) (Univ. of Mich., Digitized February 18, 2010)