Battle of Bila Tserkva (1651)

Battle of Bila Tserkva
Part of the Khmelnytsky Uprising
Date 24-25 September 1651 Location Bila Tserkva, Ukraine Result Polish-Lithuanian tactical victory, Treaty of Bila Tserkva
Belligerents
Zaporozhian Host Crimean Khanate	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Commanders and leaders
Bohdan Khmelnytsky	Mikolaj Potocki Janusz Radziwill
Strength
50,000	12,000 Crown Army
Casualties and losses
?	?

The Battle of Bila Tserkva was fought on 24-25 September 1651 near the city of Bila Tserkva as part of the Khmelnytsky Uprising. It was fought between the Zaporozhian Cossack Army and their Tatar allies and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Setting

Following the Battle of Berestechko, under orders from the departing king, the Polish army under Potocki advanced into the Ukaraine, reaching Liubar on 4 August, the same time Janusz Radziwill's forces entered Kyiv. Poticki's forces soon encountered Cossack positions near Bila Tserkva, and Khmelnytsky's main camp to the east, preventing the Crown and Lithuanian forces from uniting. The death of Prince Jeremi Wisniowiecki, "the prince who constantly insisted on the most energetic and ruthless tactics possible against Cossackdom", delayed movement of the Crown army until 23 August, when it moved "to the vicinity of Trylisy", taking the garrison of 600 Cossacks the next day. On 3 Sept., Radziwill "agreed to merge" his Lithuanian army "with the Polish army near Vasylkiv", and "took up a position with it near Hermanivka" on 13 September, followed by "the entire camp" being moved "toward Bila Tserkva" on 16 September. After peace negotiations all month failed to progress, the "Polish Hetmans moved - probably on 22 September [N.S.]- in a defensive formation from the area of Hermanivka..to the vicinity of Bila Tserkva", the Crown army at the center and right flank, the Lithuanian army on the left.

Battle

According to Potocki, "Thus on 23 September [N.S.] I was approaching Bila Tserkva. A good mile ahead, Cossack and Tatar horseman came out to engage us, and I moved against them in a formation similar to that at Berestechko, adhering to the information given by His Royal Majesty, and attacked the enemy in a broad line. I committed the right flank to the Prince Hetman of Lithuania, Janusz Radzwill, and the left flank to the Palatine of Chernihov, Marcin Kalinowski, together with the Palatine of Podilia, Stanislaw "Rewera" Potocki.