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2014 Formula One World Championship

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Sebastian Vettel, the defending World Drivers' Champion.

The 2014 Formula One season will be the 65th season of the Formula One World Championship, a motor racing championship for Formula One cars which is recognised by the sport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of competition for open-wheel racing cars. Teams and drivers will contest a record-breaking twenty-two Grands Prix for the World Drivers' and World Constructors' Championships. The Grand Prix of Bahrain will be the 900th Formula One Grand Prix overall.

In 2014, the championship will see the introduction of a revised engine formula, in which the 2.4 litre V8 engine configuration—previously used between 2006 and 2013—will be replaced with a new formula specifying a 1.6 litre turbocharged V6 engine that incorporates an energy recovery system into its build.[1] The 2014 season calendar will undergo substantial revisions as the teams and drivers contest a record-breaking twenty-two Grands Prix. The championship will see the addition of four new and returning races: the Grand Prix of Russia will be held for the first time at the Sochi International Street Circuit in Sochi,[2] and the Grand Prix of America will be held at the Port Imperial Street Circuit in Weehawken, New Jersey,[3] whilst the Grands Prix of Austria and Mexico will be revived, with the races to be held at the Red Bull Ring in Spielberg,[4] and the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City respectively.[5] The Grand Prix of India will be discontinued for one year ahead of a move to an early-season date in 2015.[6]

Sebastian Vettel will start the season as the defending Drivers' Champion after securing his fourth consecutive title at the 2013 Grand Prix of India. His team, Red Bull Racing, will start the season as the defending Constructors' Champions, having also won their fourth consecutive championship in India.[7]

Signed teams and drivers

The following teams and drivers are scheduled to take part in the 2014 season. However, their participation depends on the teams agreeing to continue competing in the sport under the terms of a new Concorde Agreement.[8]

Team Constructor Chassis Engine Tyre Race drivers
Malaysia Caterham F1 Team Caterham–Renault TBA Renault Energy F1-2014[9][10] P TBA[11]
TBA
Italy Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari TBA Ferrari P Spain Fernando Alonso[12]
Finland Kimi Räikkönen[13]
India Sahara Force India F1 Team Force India–Mercedes TBA Mercedes[14] P ТBА[15]
TBA
United Kingdom Lotus F1 Team Lotus-Renault TBA Renault Energy F1-2014[16] P France Romain Grosjean[16]
TBA
Russia Marussia F1 Team Marussia–Ferrari TBA Ferrari[17] P France Jules Bianchi[18]
TBA
United Kingdom McLaren Mercedes[19] McLaren–Mercedes TBA Mercedes[20] P United Kingdom Jenson Button[21]
Denmark Kevin Magnussen[22]
Germany Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team Mercedes TBA Mercedes P United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[23]
Germany Nico Rosberg[24]
Austria Infiniti Red Bull Racing Red Bull–Renault RB10[25] Renault Energy F1-2014[10][26] P Australia Daniel Ricciardo[27]
Germany Sebastian Vettel[28]
Switzerland Sauber F1 Team Sauber–Ferrari TBA Ferrari[29] P Russia Sergey Sirotkin[30]
TBA
Italy Scuderia Toro Rosso Toro Rosso–Renault TBA Renault Energy F1-2014[10][26] P Russia Daniil Kvyat[31]
France Jean-Éric Vergne[31]
United Kingdom Williams F1 Team Williams–Mercedes TBA Mercedes[32] P Finland Valtteri Bottas[33]
Brazil Felipe Massa[33]

Team changes

  • In 2011, former British American Racing team principal Craig Pollock announced the formation of Propulsion Universelle et Recuperation d'Energie (commonly known by its acronym, PURE), and signalled his intentions to enter the sport in 2014 as a customer engine supplier, with the full support of the FIA.[34] However, the engine programme was eventually suspended in July 2012 due to problems regarding funding.[35]
  • Cosworth elected not to build an engine to fit the 2014 generation of regulations.[36] This decision prompted Marussia, the only team using Cosworth engines during the 2013 season, to seek out a new engine supplier.[37] They later joined Ferrari's customer programme with Ferrari providing the team with both engine and powertrain for 2014 and beyond.[17]
  • Scuderia Toro Rosso secured an agreement with Renault for engines in 2014, ending their seven-year arrangement with Ferrari.[26]
  • Williams will part ways with Renault after two seasons, switching to Mercedes power in what the team described as a "long-term deal".[32] The deal came after Renault publicised their intentions to reduce their engine supply to three teams in 2014.[38]

Driver changes

Season calendar

The following twenty-two Grands Prix are currently scheduled to take place in 2014.[46][47]

Round Grand Prix Circuit Date
1 Grand Prix of Australia Australia Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit, Melbourne 16 March
2 Grand Prix of Malaysia Malaysia Sepang International Circuit, Kuala Lumpur 30 March
3 Grand Prix of Bahrain Bahrain Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir 6 April
4 Grand Prix of China China Shanghai International Circuit, Shanghai 20 April
5 Grand Prix of Korea South Korea Korea International Circuit, Yeongam 27 April
6 Grand Prix of Spain Spain Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, Barcelona 11 May
7 Grand Prix of Monaco Monaco Circuit de Monaco, Monte Carlo 25 May
8 Grand Prix of America United States Port Imperial Street Circuit, New Jersey 1 June
9 Grand Prix of Canada Canada Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, Montreal 8 June
10 Grand Prix of Austria Austria Red Bull Ring, Spielberg 22 June
11 Grand Prix of Great Britain United Kingdom Silverstone Circuit, Silverstone 6 July
12 Grand Prix of Germany Germany Hockenheimring, Hockenheim 20 July
13 Grand Prix of Hungary Hungary Hungaroring, Budapest 27 July
14 Grand Prix of Belgium Belgium Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Francorchamps 24 August
15 Grand Prix of Italy Italy Autodromo Nazionale Monza, Monza 7 September
16 Grand Prix of Singapore Singapore Marina Bay Street Circuit, Marina Bay 21 September
17 Grand Prix of Russia Russia Sochi International Street Circuit, Sochi 5 October
18 Grand Prix of Japan Japan Suzuka Circuit, Suzuka 12 October
19 Grand Prix of Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Yas Marina Circuit, Abu Dhabi 26 October
20 Grand Prix of the United States United States Circuit of the Americas, Austin, Texas 9 November
21 Grand Prix of Mexico Mexico Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Mexico City 16 November
22 Grand Prix of Brazil Brazil Autódromo José Carlos Pace, São Paulo 30 November
Sources:[47][48][46]

Calendar changes

Formula One will travel to Russia for the first time in 2014, with the Grand Prix of Russia to be held at a street circuit in the Sochi Olympic Park.

Changes

Rule changes

Technical regulations
  • The 2014 season will see the introduction of a new engine formula, with the return of turbocharged engines for the first time since 1988. The new engines will be a 1.6 litre V6 format with an 8-speed semi automatic gearbox.[1] The rules dictate the use of a ninety-degree engine bank, with fixed crankshaft axis and mounting points for the chassis, while the engines will be limited to 15,000rpm. Individual engine units under the 2014 specifications must last for at least 4,000 km (2,500 mi) before being replaced, in comparison to the pre-2014 engines, which were required to last for just 2,000 km (1,200 mi).[59]
  • The Kinetic Energy Recovery System (known from 2009 to 2013 as KERS, and renamed from 2014 as ERS-K)[60] will be incorporated into the design of the engine and its usage increased; its function as a supplementary power source will be taken by the introduction of the heat-based Energy Recovery System (ERS).[61][62] The ERS unit captures waste heat as it is dispelled from the exhaust turbocharger, using an electrical device known as a Heat Motor Generator Unit. This waste heat is stored as an electrical charge until it is utilised by a complementary system called the Kinetic Motor Generator Unit. This device is connected directly to the drive train to deliver the additional power in the most direct and efficient way.[62][63] In combination with the ERS-K it will give drivers an additional 161 bhp (120 kW) for thirty-three seconds per lap, compared to the KERS units used prior to 2014, which gave drivers 80 bhp (60 kW) for six seconds per lap.[59]
  • Teams will be able to use electronic braking devices to managing the braking of the rear wheels as the increased power output of the ERS-K units will make regulating the brake bias much harder than previously.[60]
  • The 2014 regulations require the use of lower noses than in previous years, in the interests of safety. The tip of the nose will have to be no more than 185mm above the ground,[64] in comparison to the 550mm allowed in 2012.[65] These regulations were amended in June 2013 so as to completely outlaw the use of the "stepped noses" used in 2012 and 2013, thereby forcing teams to design a car with a genuinely lower nose rather than using the temporary solution.[66]
    • The original rules—first published in August 2011—also called for a variety of bodywork changes aimed at cutting downforce, most notably through the use of narrower front wings, and a shallower angle to the main plane of rear wings. These additional changes were formally abandoned in December 2012,[67] but the requirement that cars be built with a nose no more than 185mm above the ground was retained.[68]
  • In order to promote fuel efficiency, fuel will be flow restricted to 100 kg/h above 10,500rpm;[62] below 10,500rpm a formula for the maximum flow must be applied based on the rpm in use.[69]
  • The position of the exhaust outlet will change so that it is now angled upwards toward the rear wing instead of downwards to face the rear diffuser so as to make the practice of using exhaust blown diffusers—passing exhaust gasses over the rear diffuser to improve the car's downforce—extremely difficult to achieve.[59]
  • The minimum weight of the cars will increase from 642 kg (1,415 lb) to 690 kg (1,520 lb).[60]
  • The use of false camera mountings will be banned. Teams had previously exploited a loophole in the regulations that allowed them to add additional pieces of bodywork to the car in the place of camera mountings and take advantage of the aerodynamic benefits. From 2014, this loophole will be closed, with the regulations rewritten to only allow camera mountings to be used for cameras.[60]
Sporting regulations
  • In order to facilitate the introduction of the engine regulations, the FIA proposed rewriting the sporting regulations with regard to winter testing. Under the proposal, winter testing will be brought forward to January to allow for an additional test if it is deemed necessary, with testing venues relocated away from southern Spain to the Middle East—with the Losail circuit in Qatar and the Sakhir circuit in Bahrain being put forward as candidate venues—to minimise the chances of rain interrupting testing.[70]
  • The Young Driver Tests, held to allow teams to evaluate potential drivers, will be abandoned in favor of a return of mid-season testing. Four European venues will each host a two-day test in the week following the Grand Prix held at the circuit.[71]
  • On 28 June 2013, the teams agreed upon the introduction of a "penalty points" system for driving offences.[72] Under the system, driving offences would carry a pre-determined points value based on their severity that would be tallied up over the course of a season, with a driver receiving a race ban after accumulating twelve penalty points.[73] Any driver who received a race ban would also receive an additional five penalty points upon their return, as a form of probation to discourage further driving offences.
  • Drivers will only be able to use five engines over the course of a season in 2014, down from eight in 2013. Drivers who use a sixth engine will start the race from pit lane, as opposed to the ten-place grid penalty handed down for going over the engine quota in previous season.[74] In the event that individual elements of the engine unit—including the turbocharger, ERS unit or KERS battery—are replaced, drivers will incur a ten-place grid penalty.[75]
  • Following a series of high-profile incidents involving tyres throughout the 2013 season that culminated in a string of explosive blow-outs at the British Grand Prix, the FIA passed a resolution granting them the power to change the specifications of the tyres used by competitors with immediate effect should the need arise.[60]
  • The pit lane speed limit will be reduced from 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) to 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph).[74]
  • The first Free Practice session of the race weekend will be extended by thirty minutes to be two hours in length, with the teams encouraged to field rookie drivers during this time as an alternative to the Young Driver Tests.[citation needed] Teams will also receive an additional set of tyres for the first practice session at each Grand Prix. The extra set of tyres will only be available for the first thirty minutes of the session, to encourage more running during free practice.[76]

References

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  35. ^ Noble, Jonathan (27 July 2012). "PURE suspends 2014 engine development after funding issues". autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 9 November 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ "Marussia consider 2014 Mercedes or Ferrari Formula 1 engine supply option". F1sa.com. 29 March 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2013.
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  38. ^ Cite error: The named reference renault down was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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  40. ^ Straw, Edd; Rencken, Dieter (15 July 2013). "Sauber secures long-term future after deal with Russian companies". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
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  45. ^ Straw, Edd (13 November 2013). "Sergio Perez confirms he will leave McLaren Formula 1 team". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
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  54. ^ Collantine, Keith (25 January 2013). "Russian Grand Prix gets November date for 2014". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collatine. Retrieved 25 January 2013.
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  60. ^ a b c d e Scarborough, Craig (9 July 2013). "Formula 1's updated 2014 technical regulations: analysis". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
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  68. ^ Benson, Andrew (7 December 2012). "How Formula 1 is going green for 2014". BBC F1. BBC. Retrieved 8 December 2012. How much lower will the noses be? In 2012, F1 cars had a maximum front nose height of 550mm above the floor of the car. In 2014, that is being reduced to 185mm – a reduction in height of 365mm.
  69. ^ "F1 2014 Tech Regs 5.1.5" (PDF). FIA. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
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  73. ^ Collantine, Keith (9 May 2013). "Penalty points system for drivers moves a step closer". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  74. ^ a b Collantine (28 June 2013). "Driver penalty points system among new 2014 rules". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 29 June 2013. Drivers may only use five complete power units during a season and will have to start from the pits if they use an extra one. Engine suppliers may provide units to up to four teams.
  75. ^ "In season testing and penalty points approved for 2014". ESPN F1. ESPN. 28 June 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  76. ^ Noble, Jonathan (9 May 2013). "Formula 1 teams to get extra tyres for early-FP1 in 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
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