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Sandy Springs, Georgia

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"Sandy Springs" redirects here. For other uses, see Sandy Springs (disambiguation).
Sandy Springs
City
City of Sandy Springs
A large portion of modern Sandy Springs skyline is composed of the Concourse office towers.
A large portion of modern Sandy Springs skyline is composed of the Concourse office towers.
Location in Fulton County and the state of Georgia
Location in Fulton County and the state of Georgia
CountryUnited States
StateGeorgia
CountyFulton
IncorporatedDecember 2005[1]
Government
 • MayorEva Galambos[2]
 • City ManagerJohn F. McDonough[3]
Area
 • Total
39.0 sq mi (101.0 km2)
 • Land37.7 sq mi (97.7 km2)
 • Water1.3 sq mi (3.2 km2)
Elevation
1,093 ft (333 m)
Population
 (2012)
 • Total
99,419 (US: 293th)
 • Density2,596.8/sq mi (1,002.0/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP codes
30328, 30327, 30338, 30342, 30350, 30358Template:GR
Area code404/470/678/770
FIPS code13-68516
GNIS feature ID0332975Template:GR
Websitehttp://www.sandyspringsga.gov

Sandy Springs is a city in northern Fulton County, Georgia, United States, north of Atlanta. According to the 2010 Census, Sandy Springs has a population of 93,853.[4]

History

In 1842, the Austin-Johnson House was erected on what is now Johnson Ferry Road. It is the oldest house in Sandy Springs.[5] In 1851, Wilson Spruill donated five acres (two hectares) of land for the founding of the Sandy Springs United Methodist Church, near the natural spring for which the city is named. In 1905, the Hammond School was built at Johnson Ferry Road and Mt. Vernon Highway, across the street from the church.

In 1950, the state legislature blocked Atlanta from annexing the community, which remained rural until the Interstate Highway System was authorized by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956. In 1959, after a fire at Hammond Elementary School, Atlanta Mayor William Hartsfield urged residents to support annexation so that the area would have better firefighting protection. Community opposition killed the proposal. In the early 1960s, Georgia 400 and Interstate 285 were constructed, connecting Sandy Springs to metro Atlanta and initiating a housing boom that brought new residents and major land development. In 1966, annexation by Atlanta was defeated in a referendum, with two-thirds voting against.

Debate over incorporation began in the 1970s when the city of Atlanta attempted to use a state law to force annexation of Sandy Springs. The attempt failed when the Supreme Court of Georgia ruled that the law was unconstitutional. In response, the Committee for Sandy Springs was formed in 1975. In every legislative session, state legislators representing the area introduced a bill in the Georgia General Assembly to authorize a referendum on incorporation. Legislators representing Atlanta and southwestern Fulton County, who feared tax revenue that would be lost from incorporation, blocked the bills using the procedural requirement that all local legislation be approved first by a delegation of representatives from the affected area. In 1989, a push was made for Sandy Springs to join neighboring Chattahoochee Plantation in Cobb County. This move was blocked by Speaker of the House Tom Murphy.

When the Republican Party gained a majority in both houses of the General Assembly in 2005, the procedural rules previously used to prevent a vote by the full chamber were changed so that the bill was handled as a state bill and not as a local bill. The assembly also repealed the requirement that new cities must be at least three miles (4.8 km) from existing cities, because the new city limits border both Roswell and Atlanta. The bill allowing for a referendum on incorporation was introduced and passed as HB 37.[6] The referendum initiative was approved by the Assembly and signed by Governor Sonny Perdue.

The referendum was held on June 21, 2005, and residents voted 94% to 6% in favor of incorporation. Many residents expressed displeasure with county services, claiming, based upon financial information provided by the county, that the county was redistributing revenues to fund services in less financially stable areas of the county, ignoring local opposition to rezoning, and allowing excessive development. Many residents of unincorporated and less-developed south Fulton County strongly opposed incorporation, fearing the loss of tax revenues which fund county services. County residents outside Sandy Springs were not allowed to vote on the matter. Efforts such as requesting the U.S. Justice Department to reject the plan were unsuccessful.

A mayor and six city council members were elected in early November 2005, with Eva Galambos, who had initiated and led the charge for incorporation, elected mayor by a wide margin. Formal incorporation occurred on December 1, making Sandy Springs the third-largest city ever to incorporate in the U.S.[1] The city's police force and fire department began service in 2006. In 2010, the city became the first jurisdiction in Georgia to successfully "bail out" from the preclearance requirements of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.[7]

Geography

The boundaries of Sandy Springs are Atlanta to the south, Cobb County (at the Chattahoochee River) to the west and north, Roswell (also at the river) to the north, and Dunwoody and Brookhaven, at the DeKalb County line, to the east. A small panhandle in the northeast extends between the Chattahoochee River to the north and Dunwoody to the south, ending in a very small border with Peachtree Corners in Gwinnett County.

Climate

Sandy Springs has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa).

Climate data for Sandy Springs
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 75
(24) 		80
(27) 		88
(31) 		91
(33) 		95
(35) 		101
(38) 		102
(39) 		101
(38) 		98
(37) 		88
(31) 		84
(29) 		76
(24) 		102
(39)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 50
(10) 		55
(13) 		63
(17) 		71
(22) 		78
(26) 		84
(29) 		88
(31) 		86
(30) 		81
(27) 		72
(22) 		62
(17) 		53
(12) 		70
(21)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 29
(−2) 		32
(0) 		38
(3) 		45
(7) 		54
(12) 		62
(17) 		67
(19) 		66
(19) 		60
(16) 		47
(8) 		39
(4) 		32
(0) 		48
(9)
Record low °F (°C) −10
(−23) 		1
(−17) 		6
(−14) 		24
(−4) 		31
(−1) 		40
(4) 		48
(9) 		50
(10) 		28
(−2) 		25
(−4) 		10
(−12) 		−1
(−18) 		−10
(−23)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 5.34
(136) 		4.78
(121) 		5.52
(140) 		4.04
(103) 		4.63
(118) 		3.66
(93) 		4.17
(106) 		4.32
(110) 		3.87
(98) 		3.58
(91) 		3.73
(95) 		4.18
(106) 		51.82
(1,316)
Source: [8]

Neighborhoods

Northside Tower, a landmark for downtown Sandy Springs at Roswell Road and Sandy Springs Place
The skyline of Pill Hill in the Sandy Springs portion of Perimeter Center
  • Downtown: Although it does not resemble a traditional downtown, the area around bounded by Abernathy Road to the north, I-285 to the south, and Sandy Springs Circle to the west, and Hildebrand Drive to the east is defined by the city and business groups as "Downtown Sandy Springs." Northside Tower, located at Roswell Road and Sandy Springs Place, has served as an unofficial landmark for the center of the district since its completion in 1971. Downtown is also the site of the actual sandy springs that spurred the name of the city. The city owns the former site of the Target store on Johnson Ferry Road at Sandy Springs Circle, with long-term plans of redeveloping the site into a mixed-use municipal complex, complete with a city hall. Also, the city is seeking to add more roads to the district so it resembles a more traditional street grid pattern.[9]
  • Riverside: Riverside is the western district of the city, bordering the Chattahoochee River and forming the western border with Cobb County. It is a residential area marked by winding, hilly roads. The main roads are Heards Ferry Road and Riverside Drive, and it is located off the Riverside Drive exit of I-285.[10]
  • Dunwoody Panhandle: The Dunwoody Panhandle is a residential area bounded by the Dunwoody city limit to the south, the Chattahoochee River to the north, Georgia 400 to the west, and the Peachtree Corners city limit to the east. The district's name is derived from the fact that it is wedged between the river and Dunwoody, forming a geographic panhandle. Major roads include Dunwoody Club Drive and Spalding Drive, and Interstate access is through the Northridge Road exit of Georgia 400. The Dunwoody Pandhandle is a controversial area for the city, as it had been considered Dunwoody for many years. Tension mounted when Dunwoody street sign toppers were removed and replaced with Sandy Springs street sign toppers, and a street sign topper compromise proposed by the Dunwoody Homeowners Association was rejected by the Sandy Springs city council. The area also resisted being within the city limits, with residents stating that they considered themselves Dunwoody. Sandy Springs responded with a claim that the area would be marketed as Dunwoody in Sandy Springs, much like Buckhead in Atlanta, but this has yet to be seen. Many residents still refer to their address as Dunwoody.[11]
  • Sandy Springs ITP: A small portion of Sandy Springs extends inside the Perimeter to the Atlanta city limit. Most of this area is comfortably affluent and centers around scenic, mansion-filled single-lane roads such as Northside Drive, Mt. Paran Road, and Powers Ferry Road.[16][17][18]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
198046,877—
199067,84244.7%
200085,78126.4%
201093,8539.4%
2012 (est.)99,4195.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[19][20]
2012 Estimate[21]

(Note: the 2000 census numbers are for Sandy Springs prior to incorporation, but cover the same area.)

According to the 2010 census the population of Sandy Springs was 93,853. There were 42,334 households. The racial and ethnic composition of the population was 65.0% white, 20.0% black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 5.0% Asian, 6.9% from some other race and 2.7% from two or more races. 14.2% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.[22]

In the official census of 2000, when there were 85,781 people, 39,288 households, and 19,683 families residing in the CDP, the population density was 2,274.1 people per square mile (878.1/km²). There were 42,794 housing units at an average density of 1,134.5 per square mile (438.0/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 77.55% White, 12.04% African American, 0.18% Native American, 3.29% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.94% from other races, and 1.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.93% of the population. According to a 2006 report by the Atlanta Jewish Federation, 15,300 Jews reside in Sandy Springs and the adjacent city of Dunwoody.[23]

There were 48,288 households, out of which 21.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.1% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 49.9% were non-families. 35.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the CDP the age distribution of the population shows 17.8% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 40.3% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.0 males.

According to a 2008 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $106,240, and the median income for a family was $129,810. The average income for a household was $116,406 and the average income for a family was $169,815. Males had a median income of $60,053 versus $50,030 for females. The per capita income for the city was $70,790. About 3.1% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 1.9% of those age 65 or over.[24]

[25]

Arts & culture

Annual festivals

Sandy Springs offers a host of annual events each year.

The Sandy Springs Festival is the largest community event in Sandy Springs with over 25,000 attendees. Established in 1984, the annual Festival will celebrate its 28th year in 2013. The Festival features a juried Artist's Market, Civic and Business Expo, performances by regional acts and community bands, a children's area with crafts and activities, a teen territory with bungee jumps and inflatables, the annual Kiwanis Pet Parade, the annual Doug Kessler Lighting 10K/5K race,a food court, and more. The Festival serves as the primary fundraiser for Heritage Sandy Springs, a nonprofit dedicated to building community through preserving and promoting the historic and cultural identity of Sandy Springs. Heritage Sandy Springs also maintains Heritage Green, a 4-acre park in the heart of Sandy Springs. The 2013 Festival will be held September 21–22, 2013. [26]

Sandy Springs Artapalooza is the only free Fine Arts Festival that is held each year in Sandy Springs. Artists from around the county apply to participate in this event and each year anywhere from 125- 150 notable artists from across the country have the opportunity to participate. This year the event will be held on Lake Forrest Drive - between Hammond and Mt. Vernon and will take place on April 20–21, 2013. Organizers of the event include the Georgia Foundation for Public Spaces and ArtsSpring two groups that are dedicated to bringing free arts programs to the community.[27]

The fifth annual Sandy Springs Cycling Challenge, a professional bike race, will take place on May 5, 2013 and is the finale to the US Crits Speed Week that starts in Athens, Georgia. This year it will include a wine and food classic. Proceeds from this event go to support the Sandy Springs Police and Fire departments. Returning as the main sponsor is Global Imports.

The Annual Chattahoochee River Summer Splash begins at Morgan Falls to Powers Island Sandy Springs, Georgia on July 27, 2013. Bring your kayak or raft and beat the heat with a six-mile float along the Chattahoochee River during the annual Summer Splash in July. After completing the float, enjoy an afternoon of live music, food and fun for the entire family during festivities at Powers Island. Guests can bring their own kayak, canoe or raft, or rent one from one of our local outfitters.

Points of interest

The Heritage Sandy Springs Museum that opened on March 20, 2010. It is dedicated to the history of the Sandy Springs community and is located in the repurposed Williams-Payne house at Heritage Green. Two notable exhibits are "Sandy Springs: Land and People" which tells the changing story of Sandy Springs as the home of Native Americans, rural farmers, and modern suburbanites and "A Land Nearby" which features a collection of 20 photographs of Georgia's Barrier Island taken by Dr. Curt Hames Jr. Sandy Springs also has a museum devoted to Anne Frank.

Parks & recreation

Bull Sluice Lake, located in Morgan Falls Overlook Park
Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area

Sandy Springs is home to twelve parks and green space areas, three of which provide recreational facilities.[28]

  • Hammond Park - Multipurpose building, gym, game room, AstroTurf soccer field, lighted tennis courts, basketball courts, picnic pavilions, playground, restrooms
  • Morgan Falls Overlook - Picnic pavilions, children's playground, boat dock/fishing pier, hiking trail, fire pit, porch swings, scenic views, restrooms
  • Morgan Falls Athletic Complex - Baseball fields, T-ball fields, football fields, picnic pavilions, playgrounds, concessions stand, restrooms
  • Sandy Springs Tennis Center - Clubhouse, pro shop, restrooms, locker rooms, lighted tennis courts, jogging trail
  • Abernathy Park - Tennis courts, playground, picnic tables, arts center
  • Allen - Playground, multipurpose court, walking trail, basketball court
  • John Ripley Forbes Big Trees Forest Nature - trails, tree, plant and wildlife sanctuary
  • Ridgeview - Nature trails, picnic pavilion, playground
  • Heritage Green

Government

Officials

  • Mayor: Eva Galambos
  • District 1: John Paulson
  • District 2: Dianne Fries
  • District 3: Chip Collins
  • District 4: Gabriel Sterling
  • District 5: Tiberio "Tibby" DeJulio
  • District 6: Karen Meinzen McEnerny
  • City Manager: John McDonough

Services

City services are performed in a public-private partnership. Sandy Springs, at first glance, appears to be run just like other similarly sized cities, with a council-manager form of government. However, it is the first city in the nation to outsource services to such a great extent to a private sector company.[29]

The city's police department took over services from the county on July 1, 2006 with 86 Police Officers from all over the State of Georgia, and is now staffed by 128 officers. The city's fire department began operations in December 2006. The department consists of 97 full-time firefighters. The former Police Chief Gene Wilson Jr. was replaced by current Police Chief Terry Sult in 2009 while the fire department is headed by Chief Jack McElfish. It is staffed by 91 full-time firefighters and 52 part-time firefighters. The police department answered 98,250 calls in FY 2010 while the fire department handled 17,000 responses to 8,205 calls for service.

The city of Sandy Springs has purchased the old Target Corporation building (originally Richway) located on the corner of Sandy Springs Circle and Johnson Ferry Road.[30] The building has sat vacant since the December 2008 purchase. Rumors say that this location will one day be the new home to the Sandy Springs City Hall.

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Public schools are operated by the Fulton County School System. Elementary schools serving sections of Sandy Springs include Dunwoody Springs Charter Elementary School, Heards Ferry Elementary School, High Point Elementary School, Ison Springs Elementary School, Lake Forest Elementary School, Spalding Drive Charter Elementary School, and Woodland Charter Elementary School.[31] Two middle schools, Sandy Springs Middle School and Ridgeview Charter Middle School, and two high schools, North Springs Charter School of Arts and Sciences and Riverwood High School, are in and serve Sandy Springs.

Private schools located in Sandy Springs include:

Cumberland Academy

Public libraries

Atlanta-Fulton Public Library System operates the Sandy Springs Branch.[32]

Economy

The largest employers within Sandy Springs are hospitals, headquarters and regional offices from a variety of industries including computer related services, package delivery, telecommunications, media, financial transaction processing and more.

Sandy Springs is home to three hospitals: Northside Hospital, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, comprising 40 percent of the hospital beds in the region.

Top employers

According to the City's 2012 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[33] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 IBM 2,483
2 Cisco Systems 1,708
3 United Parcel Service 1,636
4 AT&T Mobility 650
5 RBS Lynk, Inc. 600
6 Cox Enterprises 584
7 ACS State Healthcare, LLC 510
8 National Account Svc, Co. 480
9 ING 448
10 Global Payments 410

Media

Some notable newspapers that cover areas of interest to Sandy Springs include the Sandy Springs Reporter, Sandy Springs Neighbor[34] and The Atlanta Journal Constitution.[35] Two television series are recorded within the city: Auction Kings at Gallery 63 on Roswell Road, and Say Yes to the Dress: Atlanta at Bridals by Lori on Hammond Drive.

Infrastructure

Roads

Sandy Springs is served by two major limited-access highways, Georgia 400 − which runs north-south − and I-285 − which runs east-west. Major surface streets include Roswell Road (U.S. 19 south of I-285 and Georgia 9 entirely), Hammond Drive, Spalding Drive, Johnson Ferry Road, Abernathy Road, Glenridge Drive, and Dunwoody Club Drive.

The GDOT is widening Abernathy Road between Johnson Ferry and Roswell Roads from two lanes to four plus a road median, and the city is developing a linear park where homes along Abernathy were demolished, with sidewalks and walking trails to add greenspace and improve connectivity in the city. The western intersection is being reconfigured so that traffic to and from Johnson Ferry Road − which now carries heavy loads of Cobb County commuters across the Chattahoochee River at rush hour − now flows directly with Abernathy to and from the northwest. Additionally, the Roswell Road bridge over I-285 is finally getting a badly needed widening to add a turn lane in each direction. Currently, it is a major traffic bottleneck, as the turn lanes to both direction of I-285 are very short, sharing the center lane of the bridge, and forcing traffic to be allowed to turn twice per cycle (a "split phase") of the traffic lights. Despite the unusual timing of the lights, traffic still backs up into the through lanes, causing major traffic jams at rush hour. The project's scheduled completion is November 2012, about a year after the expected start date. There had previously been talk of a tunnel under the freeway to bypass the highway interchange altogether, however this proved to be much too expensive. Another state project is the addition of a half-diamond interchange to Georgia 400 on the north side of Hammond Drive, allowing southbound traffic to exit and northbound traffic to enter the highway. (Ramps on the south side were not possible due to the proximity of the 400/285 interchange.)

The city's public works department has made significant improvements in the conditions of roads and traffic signals since incorporation in December 2005. The department has cleaned approximately 1,500 catch basins, striped 30 miles (48 km) of roadway, responded to more than 2,000 calls for repair and service, re-timed hundreds of traffic lights to help improve the flow of traffic and reduce automobile idling, and repaved 60 miles (nearly 100 km) of roads.

The 2008 fiscal year saw the creation of the Sandy Springs Traffic Management Center (TMC). The TMC was constructed and began to operate in less than six months. Construction began in February 2008, five cameras viewed traffic along Roswell Road by the end of June. Special features of the TMC include a webpage that allows the public access to real-time traffic conditions and voice-activated controls. By June 2009, 16 traffic cameras are now available and can be viewed onilne at the city's website.[36]

Transit systems

The major provider of mass transit is MARTA, which operates a heavy rail rapid transit line and several bus lines through Sandy Springs. The city is served by the Medical Center, Sandy Springs and North Springs stations. The Georgia Regional Transportation Authority also operates express buses from the North Springs station (which has its own ramps to and from 400) to other counties.

Diplomatic missions

The city has three consulates general.[37][38] The Consulate-General of Colombia in Atlanta is located in Suite 405 at 5901 B Peachtree Dunwoody Road.[39] The Consulate-General of Nigeria in Atlanta[40] is located at 8060 Roswell Road.[41] And finally, the Counsulate-General of India at 5549 Glenridge Drive.

References

  1. ^ a b Daughters of the American Revolution, Sandy Springs Chapter (2010). "City of Sandy Springs - From the Daughters of the American Revolution, Sandy Springs Chapter". City of Sandy Springs. Retrieved 2010-07-27.
  2. ^ City of Sandy Springs (2010). "City of Sandy Springs - Mayor's Office". Retrieved 2010-07-27.
  3. ^ City of Sandy Springs (2010). "City of Sandy Springs - City Manager's Office". Retrieved 2010-07-27.
  4. ^ "American FactFinder". Factfinder2.census.gov. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  5. ^ SandySprings.com (2009). "Sandy Springs GA History". Retrieved 2010-07-27.
  6. ^ Wilkinson, Joe; Willard, Wendell; Geisinger, Harry; Lindsey, Edward (2005). "Georgia General Assembly - House Bill 37". Georgia General Assembly. Retrieved 2010-07-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ "U.S. Reaches Agreements with Kings Mountain, N.C., and Sandy Springs, Ga., to Terminate Coverage from Preclearance of the Voting Rights Act". Justice.gov. 2010-09-22. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  8. ^ "Average weather for Sandy Springs". Weather.com. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
  9. ^ "'Downtown' Sandy Springs: What can bring the core together?". :. 2010-06-18. Retrieved 2012-12-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  10. ^ [1][dead link‍]
  11. ^ December 18, 2012 (2006-07-25). "Sandy Springs vetoes Dunwoody toppers - Dunwoody Crier: Local News". Thecrier.net. Retrieved 2012-12-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ http://www.perimetercid.org/about.html
  13. ^ "MARTA - Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority". Itsmarta.com. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  14. ^ http://www.northspringshigh.com/Who_We_Are.php
  15. ^ [2][dead link‍]
  16. ^ "Sandy Springs ITP". intowninsider.com. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  17. ^ http://www.5265longisland.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=82&Itemid=114
  18. ^ "Startups, Entrepreneurs and Innovation - Upstart Business Journal" (PDF). Portfolio.com. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  19. ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved August 20, 2013.
  20. ^ Census numbers enumerated were for "Sandy Springs CDP"
  21. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". Retrieved August 20, 2013.
  22. ^ 2010 profile of general population and housing characteristics of Sandy Springs from the US Census]
  23. ^ "Highlights of Jewish Community Centennial Study 2006". Shalomatlanta.org. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  24. ^ Sandy Springs 2007 Income Estimates
  25. ^ www.sandyspringsga.gov
  26. ^ Sandy Springs Festival
  27. ^ [3]
  28. ^ Sandy Springs Recreation and Parks Department
  29. ^ David Segal (June 23, 2012). "A Georgia Town Takes the People's Business Private". New York Times.
  30. ^ "Sandy Springs to purchase former Target site | Sandy Springs Homes for Sale - Sandy Springs Real Estate - Restaurants - Businesses - Events". 2008-12-11. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  31. ^ "Sandy Springs Elementary School Attendance Boundaries School Year 2009–2010." Fulton County School System. Accessed October 26, 2008.
  32. ^ "Sandy Springs Branch." Atlanta-Fulton Public Library System. Retrieved on February 24, 2010.
  33. ^ "City of Sandy Springs, GA CAFR". sandyspringsgs.org. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
  34. ^ Sandy Springs Neighbor
  35. ^ The Atlanta Journal Constitution
  36. ^ Capital Improvement Projects
  37. ^ "City Council District Maps." City of Sandy Springs. Accessed October 26, 2008.
  38. ^ "Consulates." Georgia Department of Economic Development. Accessed October 26, 2008.
  39. ^ Home page. Consulate-General of Colombia in Atlanta. Accessed October 26, 2008.
  40. ^ " Consulate-General of Nigeria in Atlanta. Accessed November 10, 2008
  41. ^ Consulate Location

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Notable Resident: Julius Erving

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