Académie Julian
The Académie Julian (French pronunciation: [akademi ʒyljɑ̃]) was an art school in Paris, France.
Rodolphe Julian established the Académie Julian in 1868 at the Passage des Panoramas, as a private studio school for art students.[1] The Académie Julian not only prepared students to the exams at the prestigious École des Beaux-Arts, but offered independent training in arts. At that time, women were not allowed to enroll for study to the École des Beaux-Arts, but the new Académie Julian accepted them, providing an alternative education and training. Men and women were trained separately, and women participated in the same studies as men, including the basis of art training – drawing and painting of nude models.[2]
Like its counterpart, the Académie Colarossi, it was popular with French and foreign students from all over the world, particularly Americans.[3] Eventually, Académie Julian students were granted the right to compete for the Prix de Rome, a prize awarded to promising young artists.[4]
The longstanding success of the Academie was secured by the famous and respected artists whom Rodolfo Julian employed as instructors: Adolphe William Bouguereau (1825–1905), Henri Royer, Jean-Paul Laurens, Edgar Chahine, Gabriel Ferrier, Tony Robert-Fleury, Jules Lefebvre and other leading artists of that time, mainly exponents of the academic style.
Over time, Académie Julian opened schools in other locations. In addition to the original school at Passage des Panoramas, studios were at no.28 Boulevard St-Jacques in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, no.5 Rue de Berri in the 8th arrondissement, no. 31 Rue du Dragon in the 6th arrondissement, no. 51, rue Vivienne in the 2nd arrondissement accepting female student artists as of 1880.
In 1888–1889, Les Nabis originated as a rebellious group of young student artists who banded together at the Académie Julian.[1]
Académie Julian integrated with ESAG Penninghen in 1968.
Notable professors
- Marcel Baschet
- Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant
- William Bouguereau
- Gustave Boulanger
- Jules Cavaillès
- Henri Chapu
- Constant Detré
- Étienne Dinet
- François Flameng
- Marcel Gimond
- Jean-Paul Laurens
- Jules Joseph Lefebvre
- Tony Robert-Fleury
Notable students
- Abigail May Alcott Nieriker
- Mirra Alfassa[5]
- Joseph Allworthy
- Mathias Alten
- Ion Andreescu
- Boris Anrep
- Thomas Anshutz
- Jean Arp
- Will Ashton
- John Noble Barlow
- William Barr
- William Barribal[6]
- Charles W. Bartlett
- Marie Bashkirtseff[2]
- John William Beatty[7]
- Cecilia Beaux[2]
- Xu Beihong
- Eugène Béjot
- Shmuel Ben David
- Frank W. Benson[2]
- Enella Benedict[8]
- Thomas Hart Benton
- Ricardo Acevedo Bernal
- Émile Bernard[3]
- Alan Best
- Robert Polhill Bevan
- Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowicz[2]
- Pierre Bonnard[4]
- Gutzon Borglum
- Louise Bourgeois[1]
- Louise Breslau[2]
- Francis Cadell
- George Francis Carline
- Adolphe Mouron Cassandre
- Edgar Chahine
- Robert W. Chambers
- Benjamen Chinn
- Alson Clark[2]
- Pierre Clerk
- Griffith Baily Coale
- Colin Campbell Cooper
- William Cotton[3]
- Jean Crotti
- Maurice Cullen [9]
- Lucien Daudet
- Jose de Creeft
- Guy de Montlaur
- Ernest de Saisset
- Jenny Eakin Delony
- Maurice Denis[4]
- Charles Demuth
- André Derain
- Emilie Desjeux
- Wynford Dewhurst
- Thomas Wilmer Dewing[2]
- Étienne Dinet
- Arthur Wesley Dow
- Jean Dubuffet
- Marcel Duchamp[3]
- Frank Vincent DuMond[10]
- Anne Dunn
- Georges Dufrénoy
- Frederick William Elwell
- Lydia Field Emmet
- Jesus Maria Espinosa
- Herbert Cyrus Farnum
- Eric Forbes-Robertson
- Frederick Carl Frieseke
- Axel Gallén
- Leon Gaspard
- Kahlil Gibran
- Georges Gimel
- Eric Goldberg
- C. F. Goldie
- Constance Gore-Booth
- Alexander Grinager
- Sir James Gunn
- Pekka Halonen
- Pop Hart
- Edmund Arthur Harvey
- Childe Hassam
- Louis Welden Hawkins
- Stanley William Hayter
- K. K. Hebbar
- Robert Henri[2]
- Paul Henry
- René Georges Hermann-Paul
- Albert Herter
- D. Howard Hitchcock
- Charles Sydney Hopkinson
- Richard Jack
- A.Y. Jackson[11]
- Frances Benjamin Johnston
- Alfred Garth Jones
- Amédée Joullin
- Stanisława de Karłowska
- Barry Kay
- Augustus Kenderdine
- Fernand Khnopff[3]
- Anna Elizabeth Klumpke
- Torleif S. Knaphus
- Käthe Kollwitz[2]
- Albert Henry Krehbiel
- Shanu Lahiri [12]
- Olaf Lange
- Jacques Henri Lartigue
- Georges Emile Lebacq
- Fernand Léger[3]
- Eugene Lanceray
- John St Helier Lander
- John Lavery
- Sabine Lepsius
- Gisèle Lestrange
- J. C. Leyendecker[2]
- Flora Lion
- Jacques Lipchitz
- Ștefan Luchian
- John Goodwin Lyman
- Stanton Macdonald-Wright
- Jacques Majorelle
- Alexander Mann
- Harrington Mann
- Ödön Márffy
- Johannes Martini
- Arthur Frank Mathews[2]
- Henri Matisse[4]
- Gari Melchers[2]
- Willard Metcalf
- Arturo Michelena
- Richard E. Miller
- George Augustus Moore
- James Wilson Morrice[13]
- Alfons Mucha
- Albert H. Munsell[14]
- Ismael Nery
- Ernest Normand
- Jacques Ochs
- Alfred Henry O'Keeffe
- Aina Onabolu
- Omar Onsi
- Sara Page
- Abel Pann
- Irene E. Parmelee
- William McGregor Paxton
- Waldo Peirce
- Sophie Pemberton
- Lilla Cabot Perry
- Bert Geer Phillips
- Edward Clark Potter
- H. Septimus Power[15]
- Maurice Prendergast[3]
- Norman Mills Price
- Sarah Purser
- Hovsep Pushman
- Henrietta Rae
- Robert Rauschenberg
- Edward Willis Redfield
- Granville Redmond[2]
- Robert Reid
- Camil Ressu
- Diego Rivera
- Henri-Pierre Roché[16]
- Oscar Rodríguez Naranjo[17]
- Cristóbal Rojas
- Guy Rose[2]
- William Rothenstein
- Ker-Xavier Roussel
- Pierre Roy
- Alexander Rummler
- Alexander Sachal
- Tito Salas
- Guillaume Seignac
- John Singer Sargent[2]
- Alexander Shevchenko
- Hans Schuler
- René Schützenberger
- Paul Sérusier
- Ernest Thompson Seton
- Joseph Henry Sharp[2]
- Edward Simmons
- Charles Walter Simpson
- Max Slevogt[3]
- Yngvar Sonnichsen
- Arthur Watson Sparks
- Edward Steichen[3]
- John Storrs
- Marc-Aurèle de Foy Suzor-Coté
- Arthur Szyk
- Allen Butler Talcott
- Henry Ossawa Tanner
- Edmund C. Tarbell[2]
- William B. T. Trego
- John Henry Twachtman[2]
- Artus Van Briggle
- Lucretia Van Horn
- Hans Unger
- Fanny Vandegrift
- János Vaszary
- Jacques Villon
- Eliseu Visconti
- Édouard Vuillard[4]
- William T. Warrener
- Frederick Whiting
- Terrick Williams
- Walter Withers
- Beatrice Wood[18]
- Grant Wood
- Cabot Yerxa
Notes
- ^ a b c Tate Gallery, "Académie Julian."
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Farmer, J. David. "Overcoming All Obstacles: The Women of the Académie Julian," California Art Club. April/May, 2000.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Russell, John. "An Art School That Also Taught Life," New York Times. 19 March 1989.
- ^ a b c d e Chilvers, Ian, ed. (2004). "Académie," Oxford Dictionary of Art, p. 5–6., p. 5, at Google Books
- ^ "The Mother". sriaurobindoashram.org. 2013. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
- ^ Gosling, Lucinda (2008). Brushes & Bayonets: Cartoons, Sketches & Paintings of World War I. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-84603-095-6.
- ^ Reid, Dennis R. (1988). A Concise History of Canadian Painting, p. 139.
- ^ Ganz, Cheryl R. (2001). Women Building Chicago 1790-1990. Indiana University Press. p. 75.
- ^ Montiège, Samuel.(2011).""Papyrus, Université de Montréal"
- ^ http://www.societyillustrators.org/Awards-and-Competitions/Distinguished-Educator/Current-Honorees/Frank-Vincent-DuMond.aspx
- ^ Reid, p. 243.
- ^ "Shanu Lahiri dead". The Telegraph (Calcutta). Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ Cloutier, Nicole. "Morrice, James Wilson," Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
- ^ Nickerson, Dorothy. (1940). History of the Munsell Color System and its Scientific Application, p. 575.
- ^ Holden, Robert. (1988). "Power, Harold Septimus (1877–1951)," Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
- ^ Lake, Carlton and Linda Ashton. (1991). Henri-Pierre Roché: an Introduction, p. 190.
- ^ Archivo de Arte y Cultura Julio de 2006 – Luto por Rodríguez Naranjo
- ^ Smith, Roberta. "Beatrice Wood, 105, Potter And Mama of Dada, Is Dead," New York Times. 14 March 1998.
References
- Reid, Dennis R. (1988). A Concise History of Canadian Painting. Toronto: Oxford University Press. 10-ISBN 0-19-540664-8/13-ISBN 978-0-19-540664-1; 10-ISBN 0-19-540663-X; 13-ISBN 978-0-19-540663-4; OCLC 18378555