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Pain & Gain
Theatrical release poster
Directed byMichael Bay
Screenplay byChristopher Markus
Stephen McFeely
Produced byDonald De Line
Michael Bay
Ian Bryce
StarringMark Wahlberg
Dwayne Johnson
Anthony Mackie
Tony Shalhoub
Ed Harris
CinematographyBen Seresin
Edited byJoel Negron
Thomas A. Muldoon
Music bySteve Jablonsky
Production
companies
Distributed byParamount Pictures
Release date
  • April 26, 2013 (2013-04-26)
Running time
129 minutes[1]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$26 million[2]
Box office$86,175,291[3]

Pain & Gain is a 2013 American crime-comedy film directed by Michael Bay and starring Mark Wahlberg, Dwayne Johnson and Anthony Mackie. The film is loosely based on a story published in a 1999 series of Miami New Times articles written by Pete Collins and compiled in Collins' 2013 book Pain & Gain: This is a True Story, which details the kidnapping, extortion, torture, and murder of several victims by an organized group of criminals that included a number of bodybuilders affiliated with Sun Gym.[4][5] The film is Michael Bay's fourth film to be rated R by the MPAA. The film's title is a play on the common exercising adage of No pain, no gain. The adage is used for the French title of the film.

The film was released on April 27, 2013 and received mixed reviews, praising the direction, acting and script but criticizing the violence, the comic chemistry and the historical differences with the real events. The film grossed more than $85 million worldwide, more than tripling its budget.

Plot

The film opens with Daniel Lugo (Mark Wahlberg) running from large numbers of heavily armed Miami police officers, only to be hit by a police cruiser. Then the story goes back in time a few months. Lugo is a schemer and recently released convict, who served time for Medicare fraud. Sun Gym owner John Mese (Rob Corddry) hires him to increase membership and make the gym more fitness based. Lugo triples the gym's membership within six weeks and befriends trainer Adrian Doorbal (Anthony Mackie). Doorbal, a bodybuilder, uses steroids, which render him impotent. Lugo soon lusts after the earnings and lifestyle achieved by a new gym member he begins to train: Victor Kershaw (Tony Shalhoub), who Lugo believes is a crook. Inspired by motivational speaker Johnny Wu (Ken Jeong), Lugo decides to be a "doer" and hatches a plan to extort Kershaw for his assets by kidnapping and torturing him.

Lugo recruits accomplices Doorbal and Paul Doyle (Dwayne Johnson), a recently released cocaine-addicted convict who has turned to Christianity. Though Doyle is reluctant to join the team, he soon caves in after a violent altercation with his priest. This "Sun Gym gang" unsuccessfully attempts to kidnap Kershaw at home, but incapacitate him with a taser outside his deli and take him to a small warehouse he owns (which is stocked with sex toys). The kidnappers disguise their voices, but Kershaw identifies Lugo from his distinctive cologne. The scheme goes as planned otherwise: Kershaw makes calls, under duress, to provide fake explanations for his disappearance, gets his family to move out of state, and signs the documents which transfer his assets to Lugo. Lugo even bribes John Mese to notarize documents in Kershaw's absence, by presenting documents signed by Kershaw and using Kershaw's money to sponsor the Sun Gym.

The Sun Gym gang is able to collect Kershaw's money and assets, but they realize releasing him is a bad idea. Therefore, Lugo concocts a plan to kill Kershaw by forcing him to drink liquor and crash his BMW, making it look like a drunken accident. When Kershaw survives the crash, the gang burns the car with Kershaw in it. Kershaw escapes the blazing vehicle, so the gang runs over his body and leaves him for dead. Unbeknownst to them, Kershaw survives and is hospitalized. The Sun Gym gang members spoil themselves with Kershaw's riches. Lugo takes over Kershaw's car and his home in a ritzy Miami suburb; Doorbal marries his nurse, Robin (Rebel Wilson), and uses his cut to purchase penile erection treatments; and Doyle abandons his restraints of religion and sobriety and fritters away his money on cocaine and his new stripper girlfriend.

Kershaw reports what happened to the police, but they are turned off by his unpleasant manner and don't believe his bizarre story even when he gives them Daniel Lugo's name, particularly because of Kershaw's blood alcohol level. He then contacts Ed Du Bois, III (Ed Harris), a retired private investigator, who declines to take the case but warns Kershaw to quickly leave the hospital before the gang returns to kill him. Kershaw takes his advice and hides in a motel. Upon reflection, Du Bois takes Kershaw's case and tails the Sun Gym gang. Meanwhile, Doyle has wasted all of his cut and attempts to rob an armored car. However, dye-packs planted in the money bag explode, and he narrowly escapes the police, getting his toe shot off. He and Doorbal - who depleted his share on payments for treatments, his and Robin's wedding, and a new home - explain to Lugo they need more money, and they propose another kidnapping.

They target Frank Griga (Michael Rispoli), who owns a phone sex operation. After a promising discussion at Griga's mansion, the gang invites Griga and his wife Krisztina Furton (Keili Lefkowitz) to Doorbal's home to propose an investment scheme. However, Griga insists on meeting with someone more experienced and questions Lugo's amateurish business savvy. This angers Lugo, who attacks Griga and accidentally kills him. Krisztina discovers this and tries to shoot Lugo, but Doorbal injects her with a horse tranquilizer. Lugo and Doyle try to use codes obtained from a heavily sedated Krisztina to open a safe at her and Griga's home, but the codes do not work. When Krisztina rouses and tries to escape, Doorbal gives her a second injection, accidentally killing her.

Lugo and Doorbal purchase equipment to dismember the bodies and dump the body parts in several barrels, which they sink in a lake, while Doyle incinerates their hands (on a barbecue grill) to eliminate their fingerprints. Doyle loses his sanity over the violence and gore, leaves the gang, and returns to the priest's church. The police learn of Griga and Krisztina's disappearances, and with evidence from Ed Du Bois, they set a plan to arrest the Sun Gym gang. The film returns to June 17: the police arrest Doyle at the church, Doorbal at home, and Mese at Sun Gym. Lugo sees the raid and flees. Although he is hit by a police car, he escapes and heads out by sea in Kershaw's go-fast boat. Kershaw and Du Bois deduce Lugo is going after Kershaw's hidden bank account in the Bahamas and accompany the police to capture him. Lugo's pursuers catch up with him and Lugo runs. Du Bois shoots him, Kershaw chases Lugo in a car and incapacites him, and the authorities arrest him. Lugo is brought back to the United States and stands trial with Doyle, Doorbal, and Mese. At the trial, it is revealed that Robin divorced Doorbal the night before she testifies against him.

  • Daniel Lugo was sentenced to death, plus 30 days for "being an asshole" to a guard.
  • Adrian Doorbal was sentenced to death.
  • Paul Doyle was sentenced to 15 years, serves 7 years and goes free and tries to apologize.
  • John Mese was sentenced to 15 years and died in prison.
  • Victor Kershaw's name was changed to protect the survivor.
  • Sorina Luminita's name was changed to protect the survivor. She's currently not a movie star.

The movie ends with Lugo's voice saying: "That's the American dream".

Cast

Production

Michael Bay first announced the film after the release of Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen (2009). Bay stated he wanted to do Pain & Gain between the second and third Transformers films. However, the project was put on hold when Paramount gave the third film, Transformers: Dark of the Moon, a 2011 release date.[citation needed]

On February 13, 2012, it was confirmed that the budget for the film would be funded by Paramount Pictures as part of a two-picture deal with Bay, and the budget would be $26 million, making it the cheapest film he has ever directed, since his first feature film Bad Boys (1995), thanks in part to Bay, Johnson, and Wahlberg's not taking salaries. They instead signed on in exchange for back ends on the film's profits.[2] Bay later confirmed that production would begin in Miami the following April, stating: "I'm extremely excited to simplify my film career this spring with a great character piece."[7] On February 17, 2012, reports surfaced that Ed Harris had officially joined the cast and Rob Corddry was rumored to play John Mese, a former competitive bodybuilder who now owns the gym where Wahlberg's character works as a personal trainer.[8] On February 23, 2012, it was confirmed that Anthony Mackie had joined the cast as "a bodybuilder and workout partner of Wahlberg's character Adrian Doorbal, who has little to show for his time in the gym and decides to get involved with the twisted plan."[9]

On February 28, 2012, it was reported that Israeli model Bar Paly and Lebanese-American actor Tony Shalhoub had joined the cast. Paly is cast as "an illegal immigrant and former beauty queen who dreams of becoming the next Marilyn Monroe. Wahlberg's character promises to make her a star, and she in turn agrees to do whatever he asks in the service of her new country." Shalhoub's role in the film is that of "Marc Schiller, the target of the kidnapping scheme."[10] On March 5, 2012, it was reported that Scott Rosenberg was brought on board to punch up the script. Rosenberg had worked with Bay previously on Armageddon (1998).[11]

In a statement on March 7, 2012, Bay reported the budget was $22 million and said he was taking director's scale for the film.[12]

On March 27, 2012, Rebel Wilson joined the cast as Robin Peck.[13] and principal photography began in Miami on March 31, 2012. On April 4, 2012, Dutch actress Yolanthe Sneijder-Cabau joined the cast as Wahlberg's character's object of desire.[14][15] On April 5, 2012, Ken Jeong joined the cast as a character named Johnny Wu.[16] The official trailer for the film was released on December 19, 2012.[17]

Reception

The film has received mixed reviews from critics. It currently holds a 49% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 176 reviews, with the consensus: "It may be his most thought-provoking film to date, but Michael Bay's Pain & Gain ultimately loses its satirical edge in a stylized flurry of violent spectacles."[18]

Real-life outcomes

Francisco Alvarado's Miami New Times article, "Pain & Gain: Where the Real-Life Sun Gym Gang Characters Are Now" (April 4, 2013), details the actual crimes, the real-life gang members' sentences, and the characters' post-trial experiences and current status.[19]

Additionally, the Florida State Commission on Capital Cases publishes and regularly updates the trial summaries, court information, and information about the offenses, criminal sentences, and post-trial legal and prison developments for defendants. This information is cross-posted with that of the Florida Department of Corrections, Prison Offender Network, which posts regularly updated Inmate Population Information Detail and the Death Row Roster.[20] Details from those sources pertinent to the Sun Gym gang are summarized below:

  • Noel Doorbal (DC# M16320, DOB: 12/21/71, Eleventh Judicial Circuit, Dade County Case # 95-17381-B);[21] death sentence received 8/31/1998[20][20][22]
  • Daniel Lugo (DC #M16321, DOB: 04/06/1963, Eleventh Judicial Circuit, Dade County, Case# 95-17381C);[22] death sentence received 8/31/1998[20][21]
  • John Mese (DC# Q03835): "Mese was indicted on 10/02/96 (Case# 95-17381-F) for the kidnapping, extortion, and murders of Griga and Furton and the kidnapping and extortion of Marc Schiller. A jury returned guilty verdicts on all counts of the indictment; however, the judge set aside the convictions pertaining to the Griga/Furton crimes. On 07/20/98, Mese was sentenced to 56 years imprisonment for the kidnapping and extortion of Schiller.
"Mese appealed and the State cross-appealed the sentence to the Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District. On 06/19/02, the DCA ruled that the trial judge improperly set aside the two RICO convictions and ordered a new sentencing hearing to be conducted on those counts.
"On 01/15/03, Mese was sentenced to 30 years imprisonment for one count of Conspiracy to Commit Racketeering."[21][22]
  • John Raimondo (DC# 198195): "Raimondo was indicted on 10/02/96 (Case# 95-17381-I) on one count each of Conspiracy to Commit Racketeering, First-Degree Murder (Furton), Kidnapping (Furton), and Attempted Extortion. The State nolle declined to prosecute all but the kidnapping charge, and Raimondo was convicted and sentenced to eight years imprisonment for the crime."[21][22]
  • Jorge Delgado (DC# 198219): "In return for testifying for the State, Delgado was sentenced to two prison terms of 15 and 5 years for his role in the murders of Griga and Furton and the attempted murder of Schiller."[21][22]

Slash Film reporter David Chen shares a real-life twist related to Marc Schiller (portrayed onscreen as Victor Kershaw) that was excluded from the film: "The Schiller Twist – Reading through Pete Collins’ Pain & Gain story, I thought I had a pretty good handle on the direction it was going in. I was shocked to discover that at the end, in an M. Night Shyamalan-like twist, the Kershaw character is arrested immediately after he testifies against the Sun Gym gang and charged with a fraudulent Medicare scheme that generated $14 million. It’s stunning and a little bit heartbreaking. As Collins writes, '[A]ll he could think was that [the State Attorney General] had sold him out. For three years she had used him, forced him to relive every excruciating detail of his confinement: the starvation, the burns and electric shocks, the beatings, the abject terror, the absolute physical and psychological mortification. She had extracted everything she could, and then she had disposed of him.'"[23]

Comparisons between the film and actual events

Multiple media properties compare and contrast details shown in the film and actual events. As David Haglund and Forrest Wickman wrote in Slate's culture blog, "Browbeat": "the film more or less adheres to a very rough outline provided by the novella-length, three-part, highly detailed series written by Pete Collins and published in the Miami New Times over a decade ago. Not surprisingly, many details, and a number of significant characters, are dropped from the movie. A lot of new, fictional detail – and one largely made-up character – takes its place. When the movie first tells us that it's a true story, we're seeing something that didn't happen. When we're told it's 'still a true story,' we're watching one invented character watch a semi-fictional character do something that sorta kinda took place."[24]

Summaries of contrasts made by several sources are listed below.

The film portrayed the Sun Gym gang as consisting of three primary members (Daniel Lugo, Adrian Noel Doorbal, and Paul Doyle) and two accomplices [John Mese (the Sun Gym owner and Miami Shores accountant[25] who notarized Kershaw's – in reality, Marc Schiller's – documents for Lugo) and stripper Sorina Luminita (based on Sabina Petrescu), whom Lugo recruited – he said – to serve as the gang's "honey pot"]. In reality, the gang was larger; Doyle's character is a composite of several real life individuals who were not depicted in the film, such as Carl Weekes, Jorge Delgado and Mario Sanchez; and Doorbal's real-life girlfriend (Cindy Eldridge) helped scrub blood off Doorbal's condominium walls after Doorbal had dismembered Griga and Furton's bodies. Additionally, unlike Sorina, who in the film Lugo passes on to Doyle, Sabina and Lugo remained together as a couple and became engaged, and they fled together to the Bahamas (with Lugo's parents).[24][26] Additional real-life players in the events are detailed the Miami New Times article, "Sidebar: Cast of Characters".[27]

In the film, Victor Kershaw states he was born in Bogota, Colombia. His real life counterpart, Marc Schiller, was born in Argentina.[28]

Schiller and Lugo did not befriend each other; Schiller actually distrusted Lugo. It was Delgado (who worked for Schiller, as did Delgado's wife), who befriended Lugo and targeted Schiller, and it was at Delgado's (not Schiller's) warehouse where the kidnappers held and tortured Schiller for a full month, while extorting him and before trying to kill him.[26]

Sabina Elena Petrescu (portrayed onscreen by Bar Paly as Sorina Luminita), was actually a Solid Gold center-stage stripper. She was a one-time Miss Romania and also a former Penthouse model.[25]

In the film, a blindfolded Victor Kershaw recognized Lugo by his cologne. In reality, Marc Schiller recognized his voice.[29]

The car with which the gang tried to kill Schiller, by crashing it (into a construction vehicle, in the film; into a utility pole, in reality) and then by setting Schiller and it ablaze, was a Toyota 4Runner, not a BMW. In contrast to the film, the gang did not secure Schiller's seatbelt before crashing the car, and Schiller did not survive the crash from inside the car; rather, Schiller bailed out of the car, rolling onto the ground, before it hit the pole. When crashing the car and setting Schiller ablaze failed, the gang ran over Schiller's body twice, but with a Toyota Camry, not a van.[26][30]

The movie portrays "Paul Doyle" as first running into a demeaning Frank Griga at a strip club. In reality, Griga was first discovered by Doorbal when he spotted a picture of a Lamborghini Diablo in a photo album belonging to his Hungarian stripper girlfriend, Beatriz Weiland. He asked her who owned it. It turned out that Griga was one of Weiland's former generous boyfriends. It was she who introduced Griga to the Gang.

Frank Griga had a Hungarian accent, not a New York accent.

The gang did meet at Frank Griga's home as in the movie (and three times), then met the last time at Doorbal's Miami Lakes apartment, where the murders actually took place.

In reality, Lugo did not kill Griga—Doorbal killed him, by first cracking the side of his head with a blunt object, then strangling him with a headlock, and finally injecting him with Rompun. Krisztina Furton ran to see what had happened, and screamed. Lugo covered her mouth and tackled her. She had no gun, as the movie portrayed. She was bound, then Doorbal injected her. Overall, Doorbal injected her three separate times, not two.

Miami New Times' reporter Francisco Alvarado reports the facts associated with the power tools purchased by the gang, the cause of the chainsaw's failure, and the ensuing details, some of which differed from their film portrayal: "They bought a gas-powered chainsaw from Home Depot to cut off body parts but forgot to fill it with motor oil, so it broke the first time they cranked the power tool on. Lugo returned the chainsaw to Home Depot, demanding a refund. He left the home-improvement store with an electric Remington Power Cutter, which came with a one-year guarantee to 'handle all your cutting chores quickly and easily.' He went back to the warehouse and handed the chainsaw to Doorbal, who took charge of the grisly dismemberment. When the power tool's teeth got caught in Furton's hair, Doorbal had Lugo chop off her head with a hatchet. The two murderers then used a curved blade and pliers to remove the faces and teeth off the heads."[24][30]

The movie depicted Lugo and Doorbal dumping the body parts in several barrels into a lake. In reality, Lugo, Doorbal, and "Little Mario" Gray dumped Griga and Furton's torsos-in-drums into a drainage ditch in southwest Miami.

Details in the scene in which Paul was shown incinerating the victims' severed hands on a barbecue grill (to remove the fingerprints) were changed; in reality, Daniel Lugo did the grilling, and Lugo used a steel drum with an iron grate laid on top, not a barbecue grill. Lugo tossed Frank Griga and Krisztina Furton's hands, feet, and skull fragments onto the grate, doused them in gasoline, and began to grill. When Jorge Delgado returned to the warehouse, he yelled at Lugo, who reluctantly agreed to move his operation from in front of the warehouse to the rear alley.[24][26]

In the film, Paul Doyle robbed an armored truck and got his toe shot off while escaping. That sequence is entirely fictional; no member of the Sun Gym gang actually robbed an armored truck or had their toe shot off.[24]

Robin Peck (Rebel Wilson's character), Doorbal's future wife in the film, is based on Cindy Eldridge, who did refer Doorbal to a doctor. However, contrary to events in the film, they did not meet at a medical office, they did not have a whirlwind courtship or marry at home, and Doorbal did not need to commit further crimes to fund his injections. Furthermore, Doorbal was violent and sadistic in real life, unlike Anthony Mackie's mild-mannered character in the movie.[24]

ARRESTS: In the movie, the police arrest: A. Mese at the Sun Gym—In reality, Mese was arrested at his own bodybuilding competition in Downtown Miami. B. Doyle at the church—Doyle's real composite counterparts were all arrested at home.

In the film, Daniel Lugo escapes in Victor Kershaw's (real: Marc Schiller) go-fast boat. In reality, Schiller did not own a boat. Only Frank Griga owned a boat, and it was a tall yacht named "Foreplay."

Near the end of the movie, Daniel Lugo is seen getting hit by a car driven by Victor Kershaw, in Miami, and he is apprehended at a bank in the Bahamas. However, neither event actually happened. In reality, Lugo fled to the Bahamas with his fiancee and his parents, and neither Marc Schiller nor detective Ed Du Bois was there during his capture. Instead, a multi-agency task force apprehended Lugo at the Hotel Montague in Nassau.[26]

At the end of the movie, "Paul Doyle" has an attack of conscience, confesses, and testifies against Lugo. In reality, Jorge Delgado had an attack of self-preservation, testifying against everyone to receive a more lenient sentence. Instead of the death penalty, he got 15 years, but only served 7½ Years. Carl Weekes, the religious and recurring drug-abuser part of Doyle's composite, drove the car that ran over Schiller, and got 10yrs for Attempted Murder. He served 7 Years.

In the film, Ed DuBois is portrayed as a retired police officer who takes over his "old man's detective agency" when he accepts Kershaw's case. However, Ed Du Bois has been a licensed private investigator since 1960 and took over his father's agency in 1968. Du Bois continues in this capacity to this day.[citation needed]

Slash Film writer David Chen notes multiple major differences between the film and the real-life story. One relates to the real-life gang member whose temperament is most like that of the character played by Dwayne Johnson:

In reality, the third man in the Sun Gym Gang was a man named Carl Weekes, who most closely resembles the Paul Doyle character in the film — both are trying to make a new life in Miami, and both are born again Christians. But Weekes is a weakling; Collins describes him as "a lightweight" who weighed only 140. Moreover, he’s almost totally excluded from the later events in the story, in which sex mogul Frank Griga is killed."[31]

Chen also notes that gay references in the film were fabricated by the filmmakers:

The film contains a number of homosexual references that are totally absent from the original story: Doyle’s priest makes unwanted sexual advances towards him, which results in a brutal assault; the warehouse where Victor Kershaw is held houses a plethora of dildos.
What it tells us about Michael Bay: Bay still finds homosexuality, and the homophobia from his characters that usually accompanies it, to be freaking hilarious.[31]

Controversy

The Associated Press published an article interviewing survivors and investigators of the Sun Gym gang. Miami-Dade Police Sgt. Felix Jimenez stated: "You are talking about real people. And in this particular case, especially when you're talking about the murder victims, these were innocent victims." Zsuzsanna Griga, whose brother and his girlfriend the gang killed and dismembered, said she didn't want the American public to sympathize with the killers.[32]

Slate culture bloggers David Haglund and Forrest Wickman wrote, in a post titled "How True is Pain & Gain?": "In addition to the usual Hollywood streamlining and the amping up of certain scenes, the changes seem largely designed to make the central criminals more sympathetic. Whether you think that's a respectable thing to do will depend on what you think of their actual story – and perhaps, of the movies in general."[29]

  • Writer Pete Collins parlayed his three-part Miami New Times article series, that inspired the film, into a consultancy for film's screenwriting team,[33] a book titled Pain & Gain – This Is a True Story (April 5, 2013 from Premier Digital Publishing, Inc.),[34] multiple post-film articles (such as those in Miami New Times),[25] and media appearances.
  • Marc Schiller (portrayed in the film as Victor Kershaw) has published multiple books about the ordeal and its aftermath.
    • He published his account of the events in Pain and Gain – The Untold True Story (January 2013).[37]
    • He discussed his ensuing experiences and lessons learned since the first memoir's publication in Pain and Gain – How I Survived and Triumphed (March 2013).[38]

Home media

Pain & Gain was released on DVD, Blu-ray and UltraViolet in the United States, on August 27, 2013.[39]

References

  1. ^ "PAIN & GAIN (15)". British Board of Film Classification. April 30, 2013. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "Pain & Gain (2013)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  3. ^ "Pain & Gain (2013)". The Numbers. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  4. ^ Collins, Pete. "the articles in question". Miaminewtimes.com. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  5. ^ "Full Details on Michael Bay's "Small Movie" Project | /Film". Slashfilm.com. April 19, 2009. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  6. ^ Childhood friend
  7. ^ "Michael Bay Talks Transformers 4, Pain & Gain". MichaelBay. February 13, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  8. ^ "Rob Corddry In Talks for Michael Bay's Action-Less 'Pain and Gain'; Mark Feuerstein Is 'In Your Eyes'". Thefilmstage.com. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  9. ^ "It's 'Pain And Gain' For Anthony Mackie As He Joins Michael Bay's Crime Caper | The Playlist". Blogs.indiewire.com. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  10. ^ "Supermodel Bar Paly and Tony Shalhoub Joining Bay's 'Pain & Gain'". FirstShowing.net. February 28, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  11. ^ Kit, Borys. "Writer Scott Rosenberg Boards Michael Bay's 'Pain & Gain' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter.
  12. ^ "Pain and Gain Info / Hollywood Reporter Correction". MichaelBay. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  13. ^ "Rebel Wilson Latest for 'Pain and Gain'; Bridget Moynahan Goes 'Small Time'". Thefilmstage.com. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  14. ^ "Yolanthe Sneijder-Cabau in Hollywoodfilm? – Privé | Het laatste Privé nieuws leest u op Prive.nl van De Telegraaf [prive]". Telegraaf.nl. April 4, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  15. ^ "Britten smullen van Yolanthe Sneijder-Cabau – Privé | Het laatste Privé nieuws leest u op Prive.nl van De Telegraaf [prive]". Telegraaf.nl. April 6, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  16. ^ Kit, Borys (April 5, 2012). "'Community' Star Ken Jeong Joins Michael Bay's 'Pain and Gain' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter.
  17. ^ "Pain and Gain Official Trailer #1 (2013) – Michael Bay Movie HD". YouTube. December 19, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
  18. ^ "Pain and Gain". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  19. ^ Francisco Alvarado (April 4, 2013). "Pain & Gain: Where the Real-Life Sun Gym Gang Characters Are Now". Miami New Times.
  20. ^ a b c d Florida Department of Corrections. "Death Row Roster". Corrections Offender Network. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  21. ^ a b c d e The Florida State Commission on Capital Cases. "Judicial Circuit, Dade County Case # 95-17381-B". Florida Capital Cases, Case Updates. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  22. ^ a b c d e "Inmate: Daniel Lugo, Case Updates". The Commission on Capital Cases. Florida Department of Corrections. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  23. ^ David Chen (Friday, April 26, 2013). "Four Differences Between 'Pain and Gain' and Real Life, and What They Say About Michael Bay". Slash Film. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ a b c d e f "How True Is Pain & Gain?". Slate. Friday, April 26, 2013, at 5:14 PM. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  25. ^ a b c Pete Collins (Thursday, Apr 25 2013). "'Pain & Gain' Writer Pete Collins' 15 Minutes of Fame Have Arrived". Miami New Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  26. ^ a b c d e Francisco Alvarado (Thursday, Apr 4 2013). "Pain & Gain: Where the Real-Life Sun Gym Gang Characters Are Now". {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  27. ^ "Sidebar". Miami New Times. Thursday, Dec 30 1999. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  28. ^ Francisco Alvarado (Wed., Apr. 3 2013 at 9:30 AM). "Pain & Gain: A Pictorial Dummy's Guide to the Real-Life Tale". Miami New Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  29. ^ a b "How True Is Pain & Gain?". Slate. Friday, April 26, 2013, at 5:14 PM. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  30. ^ a b Francisco Alvarado (Wed., Apr. 3 2013 at 9:30 AM). "Pain & Gain: A Pictorial Dummy's Guide to the Real-Life Tale". Miami New Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  31. ^ a b David Chen (Friday, April 26, 2013). "Four Differences Between 'Pain and Gain' and Real Life, and What They Say About Michael Bay". Slash Film. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ "'Pain & Gain' Real-Life Survivors Furious With Movie's Comic Take On Ordeal". The Huffington Post. April 4, 2013. Retrieved April 10, 2013.
  33. ^ Francisco Alvarado (Thursday, Apr 4 2013). "Pain & Gain: Where the Real-Life Sun Gym Gang Characters Are Now". Miami New Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ Pete Collins (April 5, 2013). Pain & Gain – This Is a True Story. Premier Digital Publishing, Inc. date= April 5, 2013. {{cite book}}: Missing pipe in: |publisher= (help)
  35. ^ Pete Collines (Thursday, Jan 6 2000 ...continued from page 10). "Pain & Gain, Part 3: A wealthy couple disappears, the slumbering Metro-Dade Police Department awakens, and the ghastly deeds of Miami's Sun Gym gang at last come to an end". Miami New Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); line feed character in |date= at position 21 (help)
  36. ^ Chuck Strouse (Thursday, Apr 26 2012). "New Times' 'Pain and Gain': Murder, Drugs, and a Major Motion Picture". Miami New Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  37. ^ Marc Schiller (January 25, 2013)). Pain and Gain – The Untold True Story (1 ed.). Star of Hope Inc. ISBN 0615740065. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  38. ^ Marc Schiller (April 3, 2013 (first published March 30, 2013)). Pain and Gain – How I Survived and Triumped. Star of Hope Inc. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  39. ^ "Pain and Gain Blu-ray". Blu-ray.com. Retrieved August 18, 2013.

The original Miami New Times articles by Pete Collins

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