School uniform
A school uniform is an outfit—a set of standardized clothes—worn primarily for an educational institution. They are common in primary and secondary schools in various countries. When used, they form the basis of a school's dress code. Boys' uniforms often consist of dark short or long trousers and a light-coloured shirt, often with a tie. Girls' uniforms vary greatly between countries and schooling systems, but typically consist of a dress or a blouse worn either with a skirt or culottes or under a pinafore; some countries allow girls to wear trousers. The use of a blazer or suit-like jacket for either gender is also fairly common, especially in countries with relatively cold weather. While some countries have school uniforms that are essentially standard in all schools using it, others have each school with an individual uniform, varying in and often making use of badges.
Efficacy
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A study published in The Journal of Educational Research by David L. Brunsma said a nugget is bad for you, of the University of Alabama, and Kerry A. Rockquemore, of the University of Notre Dame,[1] states:
"The findings indicate that student uniforms have no direct effect on substance use, behavioral problems, or attendance. A negative effect of uniforms on student academic achievement was found."
Laws and rulings
In the Australian state of Queensland, Ombudsman Fred Albietz ruled in 1998 that public schools may not require uniforms.[2]
In the Philippines, the Department of Education abolished the requirement of school uniforms in public schools per DepEd Order No. 45, s. 2008. However, a school attire was required under DepEd Order No. 46, s. 2008. The following were "suggested" as proper school attire in the latter order: Polo shirt or t-shirt with sleeves and trousers for males; dresses, skirt and blouse or blouse and trousers for females.[3]
In England and Wales, technically a state school may not permanently exclude students for "breaching school uniform policy", under a policy promulgated by the Department for Children, Schools and Families but students not wearing the correct uniform are asked to go home and change.
In Scotland, some local councils (that have responsibility for delivering state education) do not insist on students wearing a uniform as a precondition to attending and taking part in curricular activities.[4]
Turkey abolished mandatory uniforms in 2010.[5]
In the United States, a few states have regulations declaring that public schools must allow students to drop out of uniform policies. Although Section 83, of the Massachusetts Legislature appears to prohibit dress codes in public schools by declaring that schools may not "abridge the rights of students as to personal dress and appearance",[6] Section 86 states that "The provisions of sections eighty-three to eighty-five, inclusive, shall apply only to cities and towns which accept the same" [7] and other sections of the law allow schools to impose dress codes, and in fact many public schools in Massachusetts (mostly in the Boston area) have mandatory school uniforms.[8]
See also
Sources cited
- Alleyne, Sylvan I., Velma LaPoint, Jennifer Lee and Harold W. Mitchell. "Black Educators' Views on Middle School Students' Dress and Uniforms: Addressing Challenges from Commercialism." The Journal of Negro Education. Vol. 72, No. 4, Commercialism in the Lives of Children and Youth of Color: Education and Other Socialization Contexts (Autumn, 2003), pp. 418–426.
References
- ^ David L. Brunsma (September/October 1998). "Effects of Student Uniforms on Attendance, Behavior Problems, Substance Use, and Academic Achievement" (PDF). Retrieved 30 November 2007.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ "Those disgusting School Uniforms (B)". Optionality Magazine. Retrieved 30 November 2007.
- ^ "Is it legal to impose school uniforms?". EduPhil forum. Retrieved 17 May 2009.
- ^ "Authority Strategic Statement of Inverclyde Education Service". Gourock High School. Retrieved 28 September 2009.
- ^ School uniform requirement to be abolished
- ^ General Laws
- ^ General Laws
- ^ http://boston.k12.ma.us/dept/NEWdocs/SUP-18.pdf [dead link]
70. http://histclo.com/schun/country/asia/su-viet.html Retrieved 28 May 2013
External links
- Long Beach Unified School District Uniform Initiative: A Prevention-Intervention Strategy for Urban Schools, The [dead link]
- NAESP : >>Information and Resources: Public School Uniforms [dead link]
- What's in a school uniform? BBC
- School Uniform: Japan at Boys' Historical Clothing
- Design & Mystique of the Japanese School Uniform at yingyang [dead link]
- A Typical United States of America School Dress Code