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List of Alvar Aalto's works

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Alvar Aalto was an accomplised architect, sculptor, painter, and designer.

Works

Buildings

Alvar Aalto's Work
Year Name Location Notes
1918 House[1][2] Alajärvi For his Parents
1918-1919[nb 1] Church and belfry[2] Kauhajärvi Two separate plans were created with the first being the belfry alone and the second the entire church. The second was not utilized.[3]
1919 Soldiers' Memorial[4] Alajärvi, Töysä, and Kemi Alajärvi was the only chosen design.[nb 2]
1920 Soldiers' Memorial[4] Oulu No drawings survive
1920-1921 Vicarage[5] Töysä Drawing are lost[nb 3]
1921-1922 Association of Patriots Building[2] Seinäjoki
1922 Industrial Exposition[1][2][6] Tampere
1922-1923 2-family house[2] Jyväskylä
1923 Church[7] Toivakka Restoration
1923 Finnish Parliament House[2] Helsinki Competition project
1923-1924 Apartment building Jyväskylä
1923-1924? Gravestones[8] Sketches of 20+ tombs and some with pen. Unknown if any were used.
1923-1925[nb 4] Trade Union Houses and Theater[1][6] Jyväskylä
1924 Church[2][6][9] Äänekoski Remodel of the church and furniture for the parish cafeteria.[nb 5]
1924 Church[9] Pertunmaa Renovation[nb 3]
1924-1928 Municipal Hospital Alajärvi
1924-1929 Defence Corps Building[2] Jyväskylä
1925 Church[3] Pertunmaa Same church as above; however these plans called for an entirely new church to be built.[nb 3]
1925? Church[10] Unknown location located in the drawings for the Defence Corps Building.
1925 Church[2][11] Jämsä Competition project[nb 6]
1925 Church[2][9] Viitasaari Remodel
1925[nb 7] Church[1] Anttola Restoration
1925-1927 Taulumäki Church[13] Jyväskylä Unbidden before the contest in 1927, Aalto submitted this plan .
1925-1930 Funeral chapel[14] Jyväskylä Two separate plans.[nb 3]
1926 Villa Flora[2] Alajärvi Aino Aalto[2]
1926 Vicarage[5] Jyväskylä Four different entries in the competition[nb 6]
1926 Casa Väinö Aalto[2] Alajärvi
1926 Church[6] Tampere Remodel
1926 Town plan[15] Keuruu Plans no longer in existence[nb 3]
1926-1927 Town plan[15][nb 3] Jämsä Sammallahti industrial estate
1926-1927 League of Nations[2] Geneva Sketches for a competition only
1926-1927 Korpilahti Church[9] Korpilahti Majority of Aalto's work was not completed
1926-1928[nb 8] Church and Bell-Tower[1] Pylkönmäki Restoration of church and construction of bell tower
1927 Church[9] Ristiina Plans did not survive.[nb 3]
1927 Kinkomaa Sanatorium[2] Kinkomaa, Muurame Competition entry
1927 Office block[2] Vaasa Competition project with Erik Bryggman[2]
1927 Church[2][16] Töölö Competition project[nb 6]
1927 Vicarage[5] Töölö Competition project[nb 6]
1927 Church[2][17] Viinikka, Tampere Competition project[nb 6]
1927 Vicarage[5] Viinikka, Tampere Competition project[nb 6]
1927 Taulumäki Church[2][17] Jyväskylä Competition project[nb 3][nb 9]
1927 Parish center[5] Jyväskylä Competition[nb 6]
1927-1928[nb 10] South-Western Agricultural Co-operative Building[1] Turku
1927-1928[nb 10] Theater and Hotel[1][6] Turku Won competition
1927-1929 Association of Patriots Building[2] Jyväskylä
1927-1929[nb 11] Church[6] Muurame
1927-1929 Block of apartments[2] Turku
1927-1935[nb 12] Municipal Library[nb 13][1][6][20] Viipuri Competition piece.
1928 Summer houses[2] Aitta magazine competition
1928[nb 14] Church[1][6] Kemijärvi Restoration with Erik Bryggman[nb 15]
1929 Exposition Building[1][2][6] Turku Seventh centenary, with Erik Bryggman.[6]
1929 Columbus Memorial Lighthouse[2] Dominican Republic Competition project
1929 Church[13] Vallila, Helsinki Competition project[nb 6]
1929 Parish center[5] Vallila, Helsinki Competition project[nb 6]
1929 Office Building[1] Turku
1929 Parish center[5] Tehtanpuisto Parish Center, Helsinki Competition piece[nb 6]
1929-1933[nb 16] Tuberculosis Sanatorium[1][2][6][20] Paimio Competition piece
1930 Institute for Physical Education[2] Vierumäki Competition project
1930 Parish center[22] Pöytyä
1930 Tehtanpuisto Church[2][13] Helsinki Competition project commemorating Mikael Agricola[2][nb 6]
1930 Stadium and sports center[2] Helsinki Competition project
1930[nb 17] Turun-Sanomat Building[1] Turku Competition piece
1930-1931 Toppila Pulp Mill[1][2][6] Oulu
1931[nb 18] Tomb[1] Helsinki Professor Usko Nystro
1931[nb 19] Central University Hospital[19] Zagreb, Croatia Competition piece
1932[nb 20] Villa Tammekann Tartu, Estonia Residence of Estonian geographer August Tammekann.
1932 Prefabricated one-family house[2] competition project
1932 Prototype weekend cabin design[2] competition project for Enso-Gutzeit[2]
1932 Tehtanpuisto Church[23] Helsinki Second competition for the church.[nb 21]
1932-1933 Employee housing[2] Paimio for the Sanatorium
1933 Redevelopment plan[2][15] Norrmalm, Stockholm Competition project[nb 3]
1933 Temppeliaukio Church[24] Töölö, Helsinki Competition project[nb 6]
1933 Parish café[25] Loimaa
1933 Railroad station[2] Helsinki Competition project
1934 Art Museum[6] Tallin, Estonia
1934 Graveyard[26] Malmi, Helsinki Competition piece[nb 6]
1934[nb 22] Stenius housing development[1][2][6] Munkkiniemi, Helsinki Competition piece[nb 3]
1934 Project for the Railroad Station[1][2][6] Tampere Competition piece
1934 National Exhibition Hall[2] Helsinki Competition project
1934 Corso Theater, Restaurant Zurich
1935[nb 23] Tomb[1] Hietaniemi cemetery, Helsinki[28] Architect Ahto Virtanen
1935-1936[nb 24] House[1][6] Munkkiniemi, Helsinki Aalto's House at Munkkiniemi
1936 Workmen's Houses[1] Kotka For the Sunila Factory
1936-1937[nb 25] The Savoy Restaurant[1][6] Helsinki
1936-1937[nb 26] City Plan[1] Varkaus Collaboration
1936-1939[nb 27] Cellulose Factory[6][20] Sunila, Kotka Ahlstrom Company
1936-1953 Master plan[31] Sunila, Kotka Plan for the entire industrial community
1937 Project for Museum of Art[1][2] Tallin Competition piece
1937 Nordic United Bank[2] Karhula
1937 Finnish Pavilion at Expo[1][2][6][29] Paris Competition piece
1937-1938 Director's house[2] Kotka
1937-1945 Master plan[32] Karhula Town plan also [nb 28]
1937-1950 Master plan[33] Anjalankoski Requested by Tampella industrial group.[nb 3]
1938 Master plan[34] Kauttua Ahlström corporation[nb 3]
1938 Forestry pavilion for the Agricultural Fair[1][2][6] Lapua
1938 Blomberg Film Studio[2] Westend Competition project
1938 University of Helsinki library extension[2] Helsinki Competition project
1938-1939[nb 29] Dwellings[1][6] Southern Kymi
1938-1939[nb 30] Villa Mairea[1][6][20] Noormarkku Gullichsen House[19]
1938-1939 Ahlström works[1] Kotka
1938-1939[nb 31] Anjala Paper Mill[1][6] Inkeroinen
1938-1939 Elementary school[2] Inkeroinen
1938-1939 Workmen apartments and engineer housing[2] Inkeroinen
1938-1940[nb 32] Terrace housing[2] Kauttua
1938-1941 3-story terrace housing[2] Kotka
1939[nb 33] Finnish Pavilion at World's Fair[1] New York Competition piece
1939-1945 Employee Housing[2][6] Karhula
1940 Project for an Experimental House[1]
1941 Outline plan[34][nb 3] Noormarkku
1941[nb 34] Project for a District[1] Hakaniemi Competition piece
1941[1] Plan for an experimental town[2][34] Project worked on with MIT stuents[2][nb 3]
1942-1943[nb 35] Regional Plan for the Valley[1] Kokemäki, Harjavalta, Nakkila, Noormarkku, Ulvila, Kullaa, and Pori[34] For the Ahlström company[2]
1942-1943 Women's dormitory[2] Kauttua
1942-1945 Master plan[35][nb 3] Kymijoki River valley, Kotka
1942-1949[nb 36] Community Plan[1] Säynätsalo Island
1942-1951 Shopping Center and Public Baths[1] Helsinki Created from the entrance to an underground bomb shelter.[1]
1943? Area plan[37] Rieskala and Pihlava districts in Pori Commissioned by the Ahlström company[nb 3]
1943 Merikoski Power Plant[2] Oulu Competition project, awarded to Bertel Strömmer.
1943-1945[nb 37][nb 38] River Rapids Center[1][38] Oulu River Collaborated with Yrjö Lindegren and Viljo Revell[38]
1943-1947 Master plan[37] Huutoniemi, Vaasa commissioned by Strömberg
1944 Community Center[1][2][6][37] Avesta Competition piece (in collaboration with Albin Stark)[1][6][nb 3]
1944 Villa Tvistbo[2] Unbuilt project
1944-1946 Area plan[37] Neula area, Pitäjänmäki, Helsinki No plans survive[nb 3]
1944-1947 Apartments[1][6][nb 39] Vaasa For the Strömberg
Mid 1940's Soldiers' Tomb[8] Kemi Little details known.
1945[nb 40] Tomb[1] Hietaniemi cemetery, Helsinki Architect Uno Ulberg[nb 41]
1945 Master plan[40] Vanaja Plan for Yhteis-Sisu industrial and housing complex[nb 28]
1945 Master plan[40] Iittala community Iittala company[nb 3]
1945 Master plan[40] Tornio Preserved only in sketches.[nb 3]
1945-1946 Hospital[1] Noormarkku For the Ahlström
1945-1947[nb 42] Living Quarters and Factory[1] Karhula Expansion of the Ahlström Factory
1945-1949[nb 43] Storage Warehouse Project[1][nb 44] Karhula Glass factory
1945-1949[nb 37][nb 45] Sawmill and Director Residence[1] Varkaus Ahlström Company
1945-late 1950's Town plan[40] Alby and Huvudsta in Solna, Sweden Commissioned by the Valvet company.[nb 3]
1946 Sauna[6] Noormarkku At Villa Mairea
1946[nb 46] Exhibition Pavilion[1][6] Hedemora Artek Company
1946[nb 47] Town plan[6][41] Nynäshamn, Sweden Collaborated with Albin Stark[42]
1946 Heimdal housing development[41] Nynäshamn, Sweden Competition project with Albin Stark[41]
1946 House[41] Pihlava
1946-1947 Area plan[40] Ruotsinpyhtää area Commissioned by Ahlström
1946-1948[nb 48] Reconstruction Plan[1] Rovaniemi Competition piece, with Yrjö Lindegren, Saarnio, Tavio, and Simberg
1947 Johnson Institute[6][41] Avesta Project
1947 Church[9] Brooklyn, New York Plans did not survive.[nb 3]
1947 Sauna and laundry[41] Vaasa Strömberg
1947-1949[nb 49] Baker House Dormitory[1] Cambridge, Massachusetts MIT
1948 First Project for the Old Age Pension Building[1][19][41][nb 50] Helsinki
1948 Grave[39] Jyväskylaä Sketches specifying how to redo his mother's and aunt's grave. (Sally and Wilhelmina Aalto)
1949[nb 51] Finnish Technical High School[1] Otaniemi
1949 Helsinki University of Technology[41] Helsinki Competition project
1949 Woodberry Poetry Room[41] Harvard, Cambridge
1949[nb 52] Regional Plan[1] Imatra
1949[nb 52] Town Hall and Administration Center[1] Imatra
1949 City Plan[1] Otaniemi
1949-1950 Tampella housing[41] Tampere
1949-1952[nb 53][21] Municipal Buildings and Library[1][41] Säynätsalo Competition piece
1949-1952[nb 54] Clubhouse[1] Helsinki Engineering Society at STS[disambiguation needed]
1950 Church and parish center[41][44] Lahti Competition project[nb 55]
1950 Area plan[45] Viikki An extension for the Helsinki University[nb 3]
1950 Kivelä Hospital[41] Helsinki Competition project
1950 Burial Grounds[6][nb 56] Malmi Winner of Competition
1950 Project for a Theater and Cultural Center[1] Säynätsalo
1950-1951 Meesapoltino[1] Kotka Addition to the Sunila Factory
1950-1951 Stadium and Tennis Courts[1] Otaniemi Finnish Technical High School
1950-1952 Project for Shopping Center[1] Säynätsalo Island
1950-1955[nb 57] Regional plan[41][nb 3] Kemijarvi, Jattila, Muurola, Rovaniemi, Kittilä, and Pelkosenniemi Lapland
1950-1957[nb 58] National Pension Institute[19] Helsinki
1951 Entrance Pavilion[6] (Erottaja)[41] Helsinki
1951 Storehouse[1] Inkeroinen Anjala Paper Factory
1951 Regional theater[6][41] Kuopio Competition project
1951 Workers' housing[41] Inkeroinen
1951 House[41] Oulu
1951 Kotka Paper Factory[1][41] Kotka Enso-Gutzeit[6]
1951 Cemetery and funeral chapel[1][nb 59] Kongens Lyngby, Copenhagen Competition piece (2nd place)
1951-1953[nb 60] Cellulose Factory[41] Summa Expansion of Enso-Gutzeit plant
1951-1954 Paper mill[41] Chandraghona, Pakistan
1951-1954 Cellulose Factory[20][41] Sunila Second stage of construction
1951-1954 Three-story apartment house[41] Sunila Third group
1951-1957[nb 61] Area plan[1] Oulu Typpitehdas Factory inc. houses for workers and engineers
1952 Country club[6][41] Kallvik for Enso-Gutzeit
1952 Association of Finnish Engineers building[41] Helsinki
1952[nb 62] Sports and congress hall: Vogelweidplatz[1] Vienna Competition piece (collaboration with Roland Rainer)[1]
1952-1954[nb 62] House[1] Muuratsalo Aalto House
1952-1954 Master plan[48] Kaskinen Aalto was fired in 1954.[nb 3]
1952-1954 Employee Housing[6][41] Munkkiniemi, Helsinki National Pension Institute
1952-1954 Sports hall[6] Otaniemi
1952-1957 Office Building and Auditorium[1] Helsinki
1952-1957 Church[1][19] Imatra Vuoksenniska
1952-1957[nb 63] Church[1] Seinäjoki
1953 Imatra center design project[41] Imatra
1953-1955[nb 64] Office Building and Rautatalo Stores[1][41] Helsinki Competition piece
1953-1956[nb 65] Second Project for the Old Age Pension Building[1] Completed
1953-1957[nb 66] Teacher's University[1] Jyväskylä Competition piece
1954 Studio R.S.[41] Como, Italy
1954 Grave[39] Noormarkku Harry Gullichsen
1954 Aero housing[41] Helsinki
1955[nb 67] Urban design project[41] Summa Commissioned by Enso-Gutzeit
1955 Technical College[6] Oulu Project
1955 Theater and Concert Hall[6][41] Oulu Project
1955[nb 68] Studio house[6] Munkkiniemi Aalto's house
1955 Bank building[41] Baghdad Competition project
1955-1957 Houses[1][6][41] Berlin In the Hansaviertel
1955-1957 City hall[41] Gothenburg, Sweden Competition project
1955-1958[nb 69] House of Culture[6][19][20] Helsinki
1955-1958 Parish facilities[25] Vuoksennsika
1955-1964[nb 70] Master plan[41] Otaniemi, Espoo Helsinki University of Technology
1955-1966 Department of Architecture[41] Otaniemi, Espoo Helsinki University of Technology
1956 Drottningtorget, main railway station[41] Gothenburg Competition project
1956 Finnish Pavilion[1][6][41] Venice At the Biennale
1956 Port facility[6] Gothenburg, Sweden Project
1956 Central square[51] Lahti Sketched out only with no followup
1956 Director's house[41] Typpi Oy, Oulu
1956-1958 Operating room[41] Paimio Paimio Sanatorium
1956-1958[nb 71] Home of Louis Carre[19] Bazoches, France
1957[nb 72] University master plan[6] Oulu
1957 Kampementsbacken housing development[41][52] Stockholm Competition project[nb 3]
1957 Town hall[41] Marl, Germany Competition project
1957 Town plan[52] Viitaniemi region, Jyväskylä Collaborated with Jorma Järvi, with Aalto's portion not chosen.
1957-1959[nb 73] Church of the Three Crosses[21] Vuoksenniska, Imatra
1957-1961 Sundh center[41] Avesta, Sweden
1958 Art museum[6][41] Baghdad
1958 Church[54] Undisclosed location in Denmark Competition piece[nb 6]
1958 Post and Telegraph Office[6][19][41] Baghdad
1958 Opera house[41] Essen, Germany Competition project
1958 Parish facilities[25] Competition for ideas[nb 6]
1958[nb 74] High rise apartments[6] Neue Vahr, Bremen, Germany
1958 Town hall[6][41] Kiruna Project
1958[nb 75] Korkalovaara housing community[6] Rovaniemi
1958-1960[nb 76] Cross of the Plains Church, parish facilities, and vicarage[41] Seinäjoki
1958-1972[nb 77] Kunstmuseum[19] Aalborg, Denmark
1959 Bjornholm housing development[41] Helsinki
1959 Town plan[56] For the island of Karhusaari and Hanasaari, Helsinki[nb 3]
1959 Finnish War Memorial[41] Suomussalmi
1959-1961 Project for opera house[41] Essen
1959-1962 Central Finland Museum[41] Jyväskylä
1959-1962 Enso-Gutzeit headquarters[41] Helsinki
1959-1962[nb 77][nb 78] Parish Center[19][21][41] Wolfsburg, Germany
1959-1964[nb 79] City center project[41] Helsinki Only a portion of the plan was built.[58]
Grave[39] Turku Erik Bryggman[nb 3]
1960-1961 Shopping Center[41] Otaniemi
1960-1961 Area plan[41][59] Lieksankoski power station, Lieksa Plans have been lost. Commissioned by the Enso-Gutzeit Company.[nb 3]
1960-1963 Thermo-technical Laboratory[41] Otaniemi, Espoo Helsinki University of Technology
1960-1963 Cultural center[41] Wolfsburg, Germany
1960-1964 Main building remodel[41] Otaniemi, Espoo Helsinki University of Technology
1961 Central square[60] Wolfsburg, Germany Competition piece[nb 6]
1961 Administrative and cultural center[61] Rovaniemi
1961-1962 Housing for nurses[41] Paimio Paimio Sanatorium
1961-1962 Offices and apartments[41] Rovaniemi
1961-1964 Opera house[41] Essen, Germany Second project
1962[nb 80] Community Center[19] Seinäjoki
1962 Apartments[41] Tapiola
1962 Enskilda Bank building[41] Stockholm Competition project
1962[nb 81] Cultural center[63] Leverkusen, Germany Competition project[nb 6]
1962 Terrace housing[63] Jakobstad
1962 Stockmann department store expansion[63] Helsinki Project
1962-1963 Housing development[63] Rovaniemi
1962-1963 Heating plant[63] Otaniemi, Espoo Helsinki University of Technology
1962-1964 Scandinavia Bank Administration building[63] Helsinki
1962-1966 Student hostel[63] Otaniemi
1963 Urban center[63] Rovaniemi
1963 Swimming hall extension[63] Jyväskylä
1963 Student union building[63] Jyväskylä
1963 Master plan for the town of Otaniemi[63] Otaniemi
1963 Urban center[64] Montreal Never completed
1963-1965 Library[63] Seinäjoki
1963-1965 Student Association House[63] Uppsala, Sweden Västmanland-Dala
1963-1965 Heilig-Geist-Gemeinde Kindergarten[63] Wolfsburg, Germany Project
1963-1966[nb 82] Parish center[63] Seinäjoki
1964 BP Administration building[63] Hamburg, Germany Competition project
1964 Wood Technical Laboratories[63] Otaniemi, Espoo Helsinki University of Technology
1964 Paimio Sanatorium extension Paimio
1964-1965 One-family house[63] Rovaniemi
1964-1965[nb 83] Edgar J. Kaufmann Conference Rooms[19] New York City Institute of International Education
1964-1966 Master plan[65][nb 3] Kivenlahti and Soukka, Espoo
1964-1966 Urban design project[63] Stensvik, Sweden
1964-1967 Ekenäs Savings Bank[63] Tammisaari
1964-1969 Library[63] Otaniemi Helsinki University of Technology
1965 Urban center[63][66] Castrop-Rauxel, Germany Competition project[nb 3]
1965 Family grave[39] Alajärvi Aalto (Father, brother, sister-in-law, stepmother, and aunt)
1965-1968 Scandinavian House[63] Reykjavik, Iceland
1965-1968 Library[63] Rovaniemi
1965-1968[nb 84] Parish center[63] Detmerode, Wolfsburg, Germany
1965-1968 Schönbühl high-rise apartments[63] Lucerne, Switzerland
1965-1972[nb 85] Administrative and cultural center[63] Jyväskylä
1965-1982 Alajärvi center[69] Alajärvi Work continued by his office after his death.
1966 Church[63] Seinäjoki
1966 Experimental town plan[63][70] Gamelbacka, Porvoo Project[nb 3]
1966[nb 86] Suburb plan[63] Pavia, Italy Project[nb 3]
1966 Cultural center[63] Siena, Italy Project
1966 Theater[63] Wolfsburg, Germany Competition project
1966 Prototype for the administration building and warehouses[63] Turin, Italy Project for the Ferrero SpA
1966-1969 Academic bookshop[63] Helsinki
1966-1969 Town hall[63] Alajärvi
1966-1970 Parish center[25] Alajärvi
1966-1976[nb 87] Riola parish center[63] Riola di Verga, near Bologna, Italy
1967[nb 88] Protestant parish center[63] Altstetten, Zürich, Switzerland Competition project[nb 3]
1967[nb 89] Theater[19] Seinäjoki Added to existing Community Center
1967-1969 State office buildings[63] Seinäjoki
1967-1970[nb 90] Library[19][20] Mt. Angel, Oregon Mount Angel Abbey
1967-1971 Institute of Physical Education[63] University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä
1967-1973 City Electric Company administration building[63] Helsinki
1968-1971 Water tower[63] Otaniemi Helsinki University of Technology
1969 Kranichstein shopping precinct, cultural center, and residential center[69] Darmstadt, Germany Sketches only
1969-1970 Villa[63] Tammisaari Göran Schildt[63]
1969-1975 Main building extension[63] Otaniemi Helsinki Technical University
1970[nb 91] Church[63] Lahti
1970 Museum of Modern Art[63] Shiraz, Iran Project
1970 Police headquarters[63] Alajärvi
1970-1975 Theater with 2 stages[63] Rovaniemi
1971[nb 92] Finlandia Hall[19] Helsinki
1971-1973 Master plan for central redevelopment[63] Helsinki
1972 Master plan for central redevelopment[63] Helsinki Second stage
1973[nb 93] Alvar Aalto Museum Jyväskylä Original name was Taidemuseo[19]
1973-1975 Swimming pool[63] Jyväskylä
1974 Mid-West Institute of Scandinavian Culture[63] Wisconsin Project
1974[nb 94] Finlandia Hall[19] Helsinki Wing of Congress added[63]
1975 Town hall[63] Jyväskylä
1975-1976 Master plan of the University area[63] Reykjavik, Iceland
1975-1976 Urban Center[69] Jidda, Saudi Arabia Never completed
1976-1976 Mosque[74] Jidda Never completed.

Notes

  1. ^ Some sources give 1921 as the date for this project.[3]
  2. ^ Aalto enlarged the site in 1955.[4]
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Never completed
  4. ^ Some sources say tht 1924 was the year of this project and it is referred to as the Worker's Club.[2]
  5. ^ The church was destroyed by fire in 1968 and the plans were misplaced; therefore there are no surviving examples of this particular project.[9]
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Did not win the competition.
  7. ^ Some sources say 1924,[2][6] while others give a range from 1924-1926.[12]
  8. ^ Some sources state that the project was either 1927[2] or 1926.[9]
  9. ^ Aalto submitted two separate plans for this project.[17]
  10. ^ a b Some sources state that the project began in 1926.[2]
  11. ^ Some sources state that this project began in 1926.[2][18]
  12. ^ Some sources give the date for the project as 1933-1935.[2]
  13. ^ Some sources state that the library was destroyed during the Second World War;[19][20] however it was only severely damaged.
  14. ^ Some sources give the date of 1929,[2][6] while others give a range of 1926-1929.[9]
  15. ^ Destroyed during the war in 1945.[9]
  16. ^ Some sources state 1929 as the date of significance.[21]
  17. ^ Some sources state that designing started in 1923 or 1928 [6][20] while others give only 1927 as the year of work.[2]
  18. ^ Some sources give a date of 1928.[8]
  19. ^ Some sources state 1930,[2] or 1930-1931 as the dates.[1]
  20. ^ Some sources give dates of 1932-1933.[2]
  21. ^ Aalto never finished the work beyond preliminary sketches.
  22. ^ Some sources state that the dates were 1934-1935, with additional plans being produced in 1938.[27]
  23. ^ Some sources are unclear on the dates involved, as they state that Ahto died in 1926 and the monument was erected in 1937.[8]
  24. ^ Some sources give dates of 1934-1935.[2][29]
  25. ^ Some sources state 1937 only as the year the work was done.[2][6][29]
  26. ^ Some sources state that the end date was 1945.[30]
  27. ^ Some sources give 1936 as the date for this portion of the project;[1] and others give 1936-1937.[2]
  28. ^ a b Major portions of the plan were never built.
  29. ^ Some sources give 1937-1938 as the dates, and refer to the project as 2-story houses and 2-story terrace housing.[2][29]
  30. ^ Some sources state that the dates involved are 1938-1941.[2]
  31. ^ Some sources give 1938 as the year.[2]
  32. ^ Some sources state that this project started in 1937.[29]
  33. ^ Some sources state that work began in 1938.[2][6]
  34. ^ Some sources date this at 1940, and refer to it as both the HAKA housing development and traffic plan and design of Erottaja Square.[2]
  35. ^ Some sources give dates of 1940[34] or 1941-1942.[2]
  36. ^ Some sources state that the end date was either between 1944 and 1947.[2][6][36]
  37. ^ a b Some sources state 1945 only.[6]
  38. ^ Other sources give a date of only 1943.[2]
  39. ^ Some sources refer to this as both the Strömberg housing development and meter factory and terrace housing.[2]
  40. ^ Some sources give a date of 1944.[39]
  41. ^ In 1958 a smaller monument was added for Ullberg's wife Johanna Elisabeth.[39]
  42. ^ Some sources give 1944-1945 as the year, and refer to the project as an Extenstion to factory, mechanical workshops, engineer housing, and sauna.[2]
  43. ^ some sources state 1949 as the date.[6][41]
  44. ^ Plans started as a seven story warehouse, which was subsequently reduced to the current one-story model.[1]
  45. ^ Other sources give dates of 1945-1946.[41]
  46. ^ Some sources state that 1945 was the year for this project.[2]
  47. ^ Some sources state that this project ran from 1943-1946.[42]
  48. ^ Some sources date this project as starting in 1944 and ending in either 1945 or 1946.[2][6][43]
  49. ^ Some sources state the project dates of 1947-1948.[6][20][41]
  50. ^ Originally called Forum Redivivum: Cultural and Administrative Center.[41]
  51. ^ Some sources give dates of 1949-1955 for the entire project including the tennis courts and stadium from 1950-1951.[6]
  52. ^ a b Some sources state 1947 as the year for this project,[6] whereas other give a date range of 1947-1953.[40][41]
  53. ^ Some sources state dates of 1950-1951, or even 1950, and refer to the project as a village or town hall.[6]
  54. ^ Some sources state 1952 only as the date and call it the Engineerss Club and restaurant.[6]
  55. ^ Although Aalto's entry won, it was never built as he originally designed it, and in 1970 he was asked to submit a second design which was built.[44]
  56. ^ Some refer to this project as a funeral chapel.[41][26]
  57. ^ Some sources give and end date of 1957.[46]
  58. ^ Some sources state 1952-1956 as the dates of this project.[6]
  59. ^ Some sources state just 1952 as the date,[6][41] while others give a date of 1951-1952.[47]
  60. ^ Some sources state 1952 as the date.[6]
  61. ^ Some sources give a single year of 1951, or 1951-1952, and they also refer to it as Nitrogen Works site plan,[6] or the Typpi Oy nitrogen factory, or fertilizer plant.[41][48]
  62. ^ a b Some sources give a date of 1952 or 1953 for this project.[6][41]
  63. ^ Some sources give 1958 as the end year of this project.[6]
  64. ^ Some sources give dates of 1952-1954 and refer to it as the Iron House.[6]
  65. ^ Some sources state 1952-1956 as the dates and call the project the Pensions Bank.[21][41]
  66. ^ Some sources give 1952 as the start of this project.[6][41]
  67. ^ Some sources give 1954 as the date of this project.[49]
  68. ^ Some sources give a date of 1956 for the completion.[41]
  69. ^ Some sources give a date of 1958.[41]
  70. ^ Some sources give the dates of the overall master plan including final revisions as 1949-1960.[50]
  71. ^ Some sources state that 1956-1959 are the correct dates,[6] or just 1959.[41]
  72. ^ Some sources give the date as 1956.[41]
  73. ^ Some sources give dates of 1956-1958,[6] or even 1955-1958.[53]
  74. ^ Some sources give dates of 1958-1962.[41]
  75. ^ Some sources give dates of 1957-1961,[41] or 1956-1960.[52]
  76. ^ Some sources give 1951 as the start date.[55]
  77. ^ a b Some sources state that 1958 was the year of this project.[6]
  78. ^ While other sources give a date of 1960-1963.[57][25]
  79. ^ Some sources give the end date of 1981.[58]
  80. ^ Some sources give the years 1961-1965,[41] and other give the larger range of 1958-1968.[62]
  81. ^ Some sources give a date of 1960 for this project.[61]
  82. ^ Some sources give dates of 1951 followed by 1964-1966.[25]
  83. ^ Some sources state that the project started in 1963.[63]
  84. ^ Some sources give a date of 1963-1969.[67][25]
  85. ^ Some sources give the start date of 1964.[68]
  86. ^ Some sources state that the end date was 1968.[71]
  87. ^ Some sources give an end date of 1980.[72][25]
  88. ^ Some sources give an end date of 1968.[73][25]
  89. ^ Some sources state that the project was dated from 1968-1969.[63]
  90. ^ Some sources state that the project began in 1965.[63]
  91. ^ Some sources give dates of 1969-1975.[74]
  92. ^ Some sources state that the start of the project occured in 1967.[63]
  93. ^ Some sources date the museum at 1971.[63]
  94. ^ Some sources state that this project was from 1973-1975.[63]

Writing and documented speeches

Alvar Aalto's Writings
Date Title Translation Publication Location
1921 Benvenuto's Christmas Punch[75] Kerberos Helsinki
1921 Nyyperin Aku[76] Aku Neberg Kerberos Helsinki
1921 A Fireside Story[77] Kerberos Helsinki
1921 Painters and Masons[78] Jousimies
December 1921 Our Old and New Churches[79] Iltalehti Helsinki
1922 Motifs from Past Ages[80] Arkkitehti
1924 The Hilltop Town[81][nb 1]
December 1924 Urban Culture[82] Sisä-Suomi Jyväskylä
1925 Finnish Church Art[83] Käsiteollisuus
January 1925 Eräs kaupunkimme kaunistustoimenpide ja sen mahdollisuudet[84] A beautifying measure undertaken in our town, and its chances of success Keskisuomalainen Jyväskylä
March 1925 Abbé Coignard's Sermon[85][nb 2] Jyväskylä
June 1925 Architecture in the Landscape of Central Finland.[86] Sisä-Suomi Jyväskylä
1926 From Doorstep to Living Room[87] Aitta
January 1928 The Latest Trends in Architecture[88][nb 3] Uusi Aura Turku
November 1927 An Independence Monument in Helsinki-The Olympic Stadium[89] Uusi Suomi Turku
October 1928 Modern Architecture and Interior Design of the Home[90] Uusi Aura Turku
October 1928 The Rational Cinema[91] Kritisk Revy Denmark
1929 Armas Lindgren and We (Obituary)[92] Arkkitehti
1930 The Stockholm Exhibition 1930[93] Arkkitehti
1930 The Housing Problem[94] Domus Italy
May 1930 The Stockholm Exhibition 1930[95][nb 4] Åbo Underrättelser Turku
1931 Ein Brief von Finnland[96] A Letter from Finalnd Bauwelt Germany
1932 Hyvä asunto[94] A Good Home Soihtu
1932 Bostadsfrågans geografi[97] Geography of the Housing Question Arkitektur och samhälle
1934 Instead of an Interview[98] Teknikkan ylioppilas
May 1935 Rationalismen och människan[99][nb 5] Rationalism and Man Sweden
1938 Influence of Structure and Material on Contemporary Architecture[100][nb 6] Oslo
1939 Maailmannäyttelyt[101] New York World's Fair/Golden Gate Exposition Arkkitehti
1939 The Human Side as a Political Option for the Western World[102][nb 7] The Human Side
1939 Mairea[103] Arkkitehti
May 1939 The Home of a Rich Collector[104][nb 8] Yale
October 1939 Finland and Scandinavia[105][nb 9] Gothenburg, Stockholm
1940 An Experimental Town
1940 Obituary for Erik Gunnar Asplund[106] Arkkitehti
July 1940 Post-War Reconstruction Magazine of Art
November 1940 The Humanizing of Architecture[107] Technology Review
December 1940 Architectural Forum
1941 La Ricostruzione del-l'Europa The Reconstruction of Europe Lecture
March 1941 Research for Reconstruction[108][nb 10] Journal for the Royal Institute of British Architects England
April 1941 The Reconstruction of Europe is the Key Problem for the Architecture of our Time[109] Arkkitehti
November 1941 Karelian Architecture[110] Uusi Suomi
1942 Architecture and Standards[111] Booklet published by Association of Finnish Architects
November 1942 Lecture[112][nb 11] Stockholm
1943 The Oulu River Rapids Center[113] Arkkitehti
March 1943 Casabella
1945 The Intellectual Background of American Architecture Arkkitehti
November/December 1945 Rovaniemi Restored Arkkitehti
1946 Building Height as a Social Issue[114] Arkkitehti
February 1946 Fine Della "Machine à Habiter" End of the "Living Machine" Metron
1947 Kulttuuri ja tekniikka[115] Culture and Technology Suomi/Finland Finland
February 1947 Constructive Art. Svenska Ab Artek Exhibits Furniture and Paintings[116][nb 12]
October–December 1947 Architettura e arte concreta[117] Architecture and concrete art Domus, Arkkitehti
1949 Finland as a Model for World Development[118] Suomallainen Suomi
1950's My Frank Lloyd Wright[119][nb 13]
1950 Obituary for Eliel Saarinen[120][nb 14]
June 1950 Finland Wonderland[121] Proceedings of the Architectural Association School of Architecture London
1953 The Decline of Public Architecture[122] Arkkitehti
1953 Experimental House at Muuratsalo[123] Arkkitehti
September 1953 Decadence of Public Buildings Arkkitehti
1954 A Few Lines from Alvar Aalto[124][nb 15]
1954 The Constructive Form Exhibition in Stockholm[124][nb 16]
1954 Speech[125] São Paulo
Feb/March 1954 Journey to Italy[126][nb 17] Casabella Continuità Italy
October 1955 Taide ja Tekniikka[127][nb 18] Art and Technology
November 1955 Zwischen Humanismus und Materialismus[128] Between Humanism and Materialism Der Bau
1956 Problems of Architecture as I Understand Them in My Buildings Lecture Italy
1956 Wood as a Building Material[129] Arkkitehti
August 1956 Form as a Symbol of Articstic Creativity[130][nb 19] Oulu
1957 Obituary for Henry van de Velde[131] Arkkitehti
1957 The Enemies of Good Architecture[132] Royal Institute of British Architects Journal London
1957 The Arcitect's Dream of Paradise[133][nb 20] Malmö
November 1957 Schöner Wohnen[134][nb 21] More Beautiful Housing Munich
1958 In Lieu of an Article[135] Arkkitehti
1958 What is Culture?[136][nb 22] Jyväskylä Lyceum
1959 Obituary for Frank Lloyd Wright[137] Architectural Forum
1960's The Special Character of Nordic Design[138][nb 23]
January 1962 The International Status of Finnish Art[139][nb 24]
1963 Aims as SAFA Chairman[140][nb 25]
October 1963 Speech[108][nb 26] Mexico City
1965 Obituary for Le Corbusier[137] Arkkitehti
April 1966 Town Planning and Public Buildings[141][nb 27]
1967 National-International[142] Arkkitehti
1968 Obituary for Sigfried Giedion[143] Arkkitehti
1970 Die Beziehungen zwischen Architektur, Malerei, und Skulptur[144][nb 28] Alvar Aalto, Synopsis
1970's The White Table[145][nb 29]
July 1972 Interview for Finnish Television[146][nb 30]
December 1972 Speech[147][nb 31] Helsinki

Notes

  1. ^ Chapter for a never published book[81]
  2. ^ Speech given at the Student Union.[85]
  3. ^ An interview from a Turku newspaper.[88]
  4. ^ A summary of an interview given.[95]
  5. ^ A lecture form the annual meeting of the Swedish Society of Industrial Design[99]
  6. ^ Lecture given at the Nordic Building Congress.[100]
  7. ^ A piece for the never published magazine The Human Side, which included himself, Gregor Paulsson, members of the Bauhaus living in exile, Morton Schand, Francis Hackett, and with assistance from the Museum of Modern Art.[102]
  8. ^ Lecture given at Yale.[104]
  9. ^ This lecture was given preceding the Soviet invasion of Finland.[105]
  10. ^ Originally published in an unabridged format in a booklet entitled Post-War Reconstruction, Rehousing Research in Finland, in New York City in 1940.[108]
  11. ^ Speech given to the Swedish Association of Architects concerning the Finnish Standardization Office.[112]
  12. ^ Preface to a furniture catalogue produced by Artek.[116]
  13. ^ A text meant to be published commemorating an exhibit to be shown in New York. Unfortunately Aalto sent it in too late; however it was preserved.[119]
  14. ^ Never published eulogy for Eliel Saarinen.[120]
  15. ^ A Preface to a furniture catalog for Nordiska Kompaniet.[124]
  16. ^ A piece written for newspaer critics.[124]
  17. ^ Reconstructed from Italian text.[126]
  18. ^ Speech given at Academy of Finland.[127]
  19. ^ Lecture given at the University of Oulu.[130]
  20. ^ Speech given at the jubilee meeting of the Southern Swedish Master Builders' Society[133]
  21. ^ A speech for the Federation of German Carpet and Upholstery Inustries.[134]
  22. ^ Given as the keynote speech at the centenary celebration of his former school.[136]
  23. ^ An unpublished piece possibly meant for United States distribution.[138]
  24. ^ A lecture given at the Finnish Cultural Foundation's symposium on cultural policy.[139]
  25. ^ Outgoing speech as SAFA chairman.[140]
  26. ^ Transcript of speech given at the Mexican Institute of Technology, where Aalto received an honorary degree.[108]
  27. ^ Speech given at the Finnish Association of Architects[141]
  28. ^ Karl Fleig's account of a discussion with Aalto, published in his book Alvar Aalto, Synopsis.[144]
  29. ^ Introduction to never completed book.
  30. ^ An interview by Göran Schildt for the Finnish Brodcasting Corporation.[146]
  31. ^ A speech delivered at the Helsinki University of Technology Centennial celebration.[147]

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by Labò 1968, pp. 5–6
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf Weston 1995, p. 236
  3. ^ a b c Schildt 1994, p. 42
  4. ^ a b c Schildt 1994, p. 62
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Schildt 1994, p. 65
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx Gutheim 1960, pp. 119–121
  7. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 39
  8. ^ a b c d Schildt 1994, p. 63
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Schildt 1994, p. 40
  10. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 42–43
  11. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 43
  12. ^ Schildt, 1994 & pp39-40
  13. ^ a b c Schildt 1994, p. 46
  14. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 59
  15. ^ a b c Schildt 1994, p. 10
  16. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 44–45
  17. ^ a b c Schildt 1994, p. 45
  18. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 44
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Hoiberg 2010, p. 2
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Brown 1969, p. 4
  21. ^ a b c d e Jencks 1973, p. 406
  22. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 65–66
  23. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 47
  24. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 47–48
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i Schildt 1994, p. 66
  26. ^ a b Schildt 1994, p. 61
  27. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 11–12
  28. ^ Pallasmaa 1998, p. 98
  29. ^ a b c d e Pallasmaa 1998, p. 75
  30. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 12–13
  31. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 14
  32. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 14–15
  33. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 15–16
  34. ^ a b c d e f Schildt 1994, p. 16
  35. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 16–17
  36. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 17–18
  37. ^ a b c d Schildt 1994, p. 21
  38. ^ a b Schildt 1994, pp. 19–20
  39. ^ a b c d e f Schildt 1994, p. 64
  40. ^ a b c d e f Schildt 1994, p. 22
  41. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf Weston 1995, p. 237
  42. ^ a b Schildt 1994, pp. 20–21
  43. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 21–22
  44. ^ a b Schildt 1994, pp. 48–49
  45. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 24
  46. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 24–25
  47. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 61–62
  48. ^ a b Schildt 1994, p. 25
  49. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 25–26
  50. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 23–24
  51. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 32–33
  52. ^ a b c Schildt 1994, p. 26
  53. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 50–52
  54. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 52
  55. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 49–50
  56. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 26–27
  57. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 52–55
  58. ^ a b Schildt, 1994 & pp33-35
  59. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 27
  60. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 35–36
  61. ^ a b Schildt 1994, p. 35
  62. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 33
  63. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi Weston 1995, p. 238
  64. ^ Schildt, 1994 & pp36-37
  65. ^ Scgildt 1994, pp. 27–28
  66. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 37–38
  67. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 55
  68. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 36
  69. ^ a b c Schildt 1994, p. 38
  70. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 28–29
  71. ^ Schildt 1994, p. 29
  72. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 55–56
  73. ^ Schildt 1994, pp. 56–58
  74. ^ a b Schildt 1994, p. 58
  75. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 29
  76. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 13
  77. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 12
  78. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 31
  79. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 35
  80. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 33
  81. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 49
  82. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 19
  83. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 37
  84. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1997, p. 17
  85. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 56
  86. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 21
  87. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 50
  88. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 58
  89. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 64
  90. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 254
  91. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 66
  92. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 241
  93. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 74
  94. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 76
  95. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 71
  96. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 85
  97. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 86
  98. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 84
  99. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 89
  100. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 98
  101. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 120
  102. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 113
  103. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 229
  104. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 225
  105. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 110
  106. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 242
  107. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 102
  108. ^ a b c d Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 122 Cite error: The named reference "aa12" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  109. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, pp. 149–150
  110. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 116
  111. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 164
  112. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 165
  113. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 230
  114. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 206
  115. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 136
  116. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 256
  117. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 107
  118. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 167
  119. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 247
  120. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 243
  121. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 184
  122. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 210
  123. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 234
  124. ^ a b c d Schildt & Aalto 1998, pp. 257–258
  125. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 138
  126. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 38
  127. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 171
  128. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 176
  129. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 101
  130. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 180
  131. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 246
  132. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, pp. 201–202
  133. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, pp. 214–215
  134. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 260
  135. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 263
  136. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 15
  137. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 248
  138. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 259
  139. ^ a b Schildt & AAlto 1998, p. 276
  140. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 157
  141. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, pp. 211–212
  142. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, pp. 216–217
  143. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 249
  144. ^ a b Schildt & aalto 1998, p. 265
  145. ^ Schildt & Aalto 1998, p. 11
  146. ^ a b Schildt & AAlto 1998, p. 269
  147. ^ a b Schildt & Aalto 1998, pp. 281–282

References

  • Brown, Theodore M. (1969). "Alto, Hugo Alvar Henrik". In Myers, Bernard S. (ed.). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Art. Vol. I: AA-Ceylon. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company. LCCN 68-26314. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Gutheim, Frederick (1960). Alvar Aalto. The Masters of World Architectural Series. New York, NY: George Braziller, Inc. ISBN 978-0807602263. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). "Aalto, (Hugo) Alvar (Henrik)". Encyclopedia Britannica. Vol. I: A-Ak -Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Labò, Mario (1968) [1959]. "Aalto, Hugo Alvar Henrik". In Crandall, Robert W. (ed.). Encyclopedia of World Art. Vol. I: Aalto-Asia Minor, Western. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc. LCCN 59-13433. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Schildt, Göran; Aalto, Alvar (1998). Schildt, Göran (ed.). Alvar Aalto in His Own Words. New York, NY: Rizzoli. ISBN 0-8478-2080-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Schildt, Göran (1994). Alvar Aalto, A life's work: Architecture, Design and Art. Helsinki, Finland: Otava Pub. Co. ISBN 978-9511129752. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
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