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Rathore dynasty

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The Rathore or Rathor (Sanskrit Rashtrakuta) are a Rajput clan from western Rajasthan in India. Rathore dynasties ruled a number of kingdoms and princely states in Rajasthan and neighboring states before India's independence. Jodhpur (Marwar) was the largest kingdom, followed by Bikaner (also known as Jangladesh). Other states ruled by Rathore clans included Kishangarh and Nagaur in Rajasthan, Idar in Gujarat, and Sitamau, Sailana and Ratlam in Madhya Pradesh.

In Rajasthan, the Rathores first emerge shortly after the conquest of the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta. At Hathundi, in former Jodhpur state, 10th century inscriptions have been found mentioning Harivarma, Vidagdha, Mammata, Dhavala and Balaprasada of Rashtrakuta dynasty. This is a tenous link which modern scholars discount.

The Rathores were originally feudatories of the Pratihara dynasty, who in the early 9th century established a kingdom in central India with its capital at Kannauj. Kannauj was sacked by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1019, which ushered in a chaotic period for the kingdom. The kingdom was much reduced in size, and came under the influence of the Chandela Rajputs of Bundelkhand, who deposed the last of the Pratihara kings in 1036.

A group of Rathores retreated west into Rajasthan, under the leadership of Sheoji. They settled in the town of Pali in Marwar kingdom, which was ruled by another branch of the Pratiharas. By the early 15th century the Rathores had taken complete control of Marwar from the Pratiharas. Rao Jodha founded the city of Jodhpur in 1459, and moved the capital of the kingdom from Mandor. In 1488 Rao Bika, one of his sons, established the city of Bikaner in the Jangladesh region to the north of Marwar, which became a second Rathore kingdom.

The Kingdom of Jodhpur included the present-day districts of Jodhpur, Pali, Nagaur, Barmer, and Jalor. The Kingdom of Bikaner included present-day districts of Bikaner, Churu, Ganganagar, and Hanumangarh.

Rathore Genealogy

      RAO SHIVA (Sheoji)
          | 1212-1272 A.D.
      RAO ASTHAN----RAO SONAG----RAO AJAY
          | 1272-1292 A.D.
      RAO DOOHAD----RAO JOPSA----RAO DHANDHUL----RAO HIRNAK----RAO POHAD----RAO KHIPSA----RAO AASAL----RAO CHACHIG
          | 1292-1309 A.D.
      RAO RAIPAL----RAO KIRTIPAL----RAO BEHAD----RAO PAITHAR----RAO JOGA----RAO DALU----RAO VEGAD
          | 1309-1313 A.D.
      RAO KANHA----RAO KELHAN----RAO SANDA----RAO LAKHAN----RAO DAANGI----RAO MOHAN----RAO JANJAN----RAO RAJO----RAO RANDHA----RAO HATHUNDIYA
          | 1313-1323 A.D.
      RAO JALANSI(Second Son)----RAO BHIMKARAN(Oldest Son. Died in a battle in his father's reign)----RAO VIJAYPAL
          | 1323-1328 A.D.
      RAO CHADA----RAO BHAKAR SINGH----RAO DUNGAR SINGH
          | 1328-1344 A.D.
      RAO TIDA----RAO KHOKRA----RAO VANAR----RAO SEEMAL----RAO RUDRAPAL----RAO KHIPSA
          | 1344-1357 A.D.
      RAO SALKHA (Second Son) ---------------------------------------------------------------------RAO KANHAD DEV (Oldest Son. His progeny did not rule.)
          | 1357-1374 A.D.                                                                                      |
      RAO VIRAMDEV(Third Son)----RAO MALLINATH (Oldest Son)----RAO JAITMAL----RAO SOBHIT                   RAO TRIBHUVAN
          | 1374-1383 A.D.             1373-1399 A.D.
      RAO CHUNDA
          | 1399-1423 A.D.
      RAO RANMAL---------------RAO SATAL----RAO KANHA
          | 1427-1438 A.D.         (1424-1427 A.D.)
      RAO JODHA----RAO KANDHUL----RAO CHAMPA----RAO AKHAIRAJ----RAO MANDLO----RAO PATTA----RAO LAKHA----RAO BALA----RAO JAITMUL----RAO KARNA----RAO ROOPA----RAO NATHOO----RAO DUNGRA----RAO SANDA----RAO MANDO----RAO BIROO----RAO JUGMAL----RAO HAMPO----RAO SAKTO----RAO KARMA----RAO URIVAL----RAO KHETSI----RAO SHATRUSAL----RAO TEJMAL
          | 1453-1489 A.D.                                |
          |                                          RAO KUMPA
          |                                             ( -1544 A.D)
          |
     RAO SAATUL----RAO SURAJ----RAO GUMMA----RAO DUDA----RAO BIR----RAO BIKA----RAO BHARMUAL----RAO SURJA----RAO KURUM SINGH----RAO RAEMUL----RAO SAMANT SINGH----RAO BEEDA----RAO BANHUR----RAO NEEMBO
       1489-1492 A.D. 1492-1515 A.D.
                         |
                  RAO BAGH SINGH
                         |
                  RAO GANGA SINGH
                         | 1515-1532 A.D.
                  RAO MALDEO
                           1532-1562 A.D.

Rathore rulers of Marwar (Jodhpur)

  • Rao Sheoji or Siyaji (1226-1273)
  • Rao Asthan (1273-1292)
  • Rao Doohad (1291-1309)
  • Rao Raipal (1309-1313)
  • Rao Kanhapal (1313-1323)
  • Rao Jalansi (1323-1228)
  • Rao Chada (1328-1344)
  • Rao Tida (1334-1357)
  • Rao Kanhadev (1357-1374)
  • Rao Biram Dev (1374-1383)
  • Rao Chanda or Chunda Rao (1383-1424)
  • Rao Kanha (1424-1427)
  • Rai Sanha (in rebellion) (1424-1427)
  • Rao Ranmal or Ranmalla (1427-1438)
  • Rao Jodha (1438-1488). Founder of Jodhpur.
  • Rao Satal (1488-1491)
  • Rao Suja (1491-1515)
  • Rao Ganga (1515-1532)
  • Rao Maldev or Malladeva (1532-1562)
  • Rao Chandrasen (1562-1584)
  • Raja Udai Singh or Udaya Singh (1584-1595)
  • Sawai Raja Suraj Singh (1595-1620)
  • Maharaja Gaja Singh (1620-1638)
  • Maharaja Jaswant Singh I (1638-1679)
  • Maharaja Ajit Singh (19 February 1679 - 24 June 1724). Born 1679, died 1724.
  • Maharaja Abhai Singh (24 June 1724 - 18 June 1749). Born 1702, died 1749.
  • Maharaja Ram Singh (1st time) (18 June 1749 - July 1751). Born 1730, died 1772.
  • Maharaja Bakht Singh (July 1751 - 21 September 1752). Born 1706, died1752.
  • Maharaja Bijay Singh (1st time) (21 September 1752 - 1753). Born 1724, died 1793.
  • Maharaja Ram Singh (2nd time) (1753 -September 1772)
  • Maharaja Bijay Singh (2nd time) (1772 - 17 July 1793)
  • Maharaja Bhim Singh (in rebellion) (13 April 1792 - 20 March 1793). Died 1803.
  • Maharaja Bhim Singh (17 July 1793 - 19 October 1803)
  • Maharaja Man Singh (19 October 1803 - 4 September 1843). Born 1783, died 1843.
  • Chhatra Singh (regent) (19 April 1817 - 6 January 1818). Born c.1800, died 1818.
  • Maharaja Takht Singh (14 October 1843 - 13 February 1873). Born 1819, died 1873.
  • Maharaja Jaswant Singh II (13 February 1873 - 11 Oct 1895. Born 1838, died 1895.
  • Maharaja Sardar Singh (11 October 1895 - 21 March 1911). Born 1880, died 1911.
  • Maharaja Sumer Singh (21 Mar 1911 - 3 Oct 1918). Born 1898, died 1918.
  • Maharaja Umaid Singh (3 October 1918 - 9 June 1947). Born 1903, died 1947.
  • Maharaja Hanwant Singh (9 June 1947-7 April 1949). Born 1923, acceded to India 7 April 1949, died 1952.

Rathore rulers of Bikaner (Jangladesh)

  • Rao Bika (1465-1504). Born 1438, died 1504. Founded Bikaner 1465. Son of Rao Jodha of Marwar.
  • Rao Naroji Singh (1504-1505). Son of Rao Bika.
  • Rao Lunkaranji (1505-1526). Son of Rao Bika.
  • Rao Jetsiji Singh (1526-1542). Son of Rao Lunkaranji.
  • Rao Kalyan Singh (1542-1571). Born 1519, died 1571. Son of Rao Jetsiji Singh.
  • Raja Raj Singh I (1571-1611). Born 1541, died 1612. Son of Raja Kalyan Singh.
  • Raja Dalpat Singh (1611-1614). Born 1565, died 1614. Son of Raja Raj Singh I.
  • Raja Sur Singh (1614-1631). Born 1595, died 1631. Son of Raja Raj Singh I.
  • Raja Karan Singh (1631-1669. Born 1616, died 1669. Son of Raja Karan Singh.
  • Maharaja Anup Singh (Raja 1669-1687, Maharaja 1687-1698). Born 1638, died 1698. Son of Raja Karan Singh.
  • Maharaja Sarup Singh (1698-1700). Born 1689, died 1700.
  • Maharaja Sujan Singh (1700-1736). Born 1690, died 1736.
  • Maharaja Zorawar Singh (1736-1745). Born 1713, died 1745.
  • Maharaja Gaj Singh (1745-1787). Born 1723, died 1787.
  • Maharaja Raj Singh II (1787). Born 1744, died 1787.
  • Maharaja Pratap Singh (1787). Born 1781, died 1787.
  • Maharaja Surat Singh (1788-1828). Born1766, died 1828.
  • Maharaja Ratan Singh (1828-1851). Born 1791, died 1851.
  • Maharaja Sardar Singh (1851-16 May 1872). Born 1818, died 1872.
  • Maharaja Dungar Singh (16 May 1872 - 19 August 1887). Born 1854, died 1887.
  • Maharaja Ganga Singh (19 August 1887-2 February 1943). Born 1880, died 1943.
  • Maharaja Sadul Singh (2 February 1943 - 7 April 1949). Born 1902, acceded to India 7 April 1949, died 25 September 1950)

See also

References

  • Maheca Rathaurom ka mula itihasa: Ravala Mallinatha ke vamsaja - Maheca, Baramera, Pokarana, Kotariya aura Khavariya Rathaurom ka sodhapurna itihasa. Dr. Hukam Singh Bhati. Publisher: Ratan Prakashan, Jodhpur. First Published 1990.
This book describes the rathore ruler mallinath. His relationship with present Jodhpur and Bikaner royal houses are described. Also his descendants created multiple rathore shakhas: Mahecha,Khavariya etc
  • The genealogical survey : Royal house of Marwar and other states. Dr. (Kr.) Mahendra Singh Nagar. Publisher: Maharaja Man Singh Pustak Prakash, Jodhpur. First Published 2004.
Lineage of Rathore rulers is provided starting with Rao Sheoji.
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