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Saab 9-5

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Not to be confused with Saab 95.
Saab 9-5
Overview
ManufacturerSaab Automobile
Production1997–2012
AssemblyTrollhättan, Sweden
Body and chassis
ClassExecutive car
Chronology
PredecessorSaab 9000

The Saab 9-5 was an executive car produced by the Swedish automobile maker Saab Automobile.

The first generation 9-5 was introduced in 1997 as the replacement to the Saab 9000 for the 1998 model year. At the time, the car represented a great leap forward for Saab. In the United States, the 9-5 was introduced in the spring of 1998, for the 1999 model year.

On September 15, 2009, the second generation was presented at the Frankfurt Motor Show and production began in June 2010.[1] It was the first Saab to be launched under Spyker Cars' ownership, even though it was developed almost completely under GM's ownership.

Overview

1997–2001 Saab 9-5 SE sedan (Australia)

Saab badged the model as the Saab 95, but consistently advertised it as the Saab 9-5, pronounced "nine five" rather than "ninety-five". This model should not be confused with the Saab 95, produced from 1959 to 1978.

The first generation 9-5 was available with sedan and station wagon body styles. Aerodynamically, the sedan's drag coefficient is 0.29, and the station wagon's is 0.31 (U.S. version 0.33), which was introduced in 1999. It features such innovations as floor tracks to secure cargo and a sliding load floor to make loading easier.

The last 9-5 sedan of the first generation rolled off the Trollhättan production line at the beginning of July 2009,[2] the last wagon was assembled on February 1, 2010.[3] Since the summer of 1997, when the 9-5 production began, 252,236 sedans, and 231,357 wagons were built. The total production 483,593 units, was narrowly beaten by its predecessor, the 9000, of which 503,000 were built.

Production equipment associated with the first-generation 9-5 was sold by General Motors to BAIC of China in 2009.[4]

First generation (1997–2010)

First generation
Overview
Production1997–2009 (sedan)
1998–2010 (wagon)[5]
Body and chassis
Body style4-door sedan
5-door station wagon
LayoutTransverse front-engine, front-wheel drive
PlatformGM2900 platform
RelatedSenova D Series[6]
Opel Vectra
Opel Calibra
Opel Omega
Saab 900 (NG)
Saab 9-3
Saturn L-Series
Powertrain
Engine1.9 L turbodiesel I4
2.0 L B205 I4
2.2 L turbodiesel D223 I4
2.3 L B235 I4
3.0 L B308 V6
3.0 L Isuzu 6DE1 diesel V6
Transmission4-speed (1997–2001) 50-40LE
5-speed (2002-09) AF33
5-speed FM55B03
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,703 mm (106.4 in)
Length1997–2000 Sedan: 4,805 mm (189.2 in)
1998–2000 Wagon: 4,808 mm (189.3 in)
2001–05 Sedan: 4,825 mm (190.0 in)
2001–05 Wagon: 4,830 mm (190.2 in)
2006–09 Sedan: 4,836 mm (190.4 in)
2006–09 Wagon: 4,841 mm (190.6 in)
Width1997–2000 Sedan: 1,793 mm (70.6 in)
Wagon & 2001–09 Sedan: 1,790 mm (70.5 in)
Height1997–2005 Sedan & 2001–05 Wagon: 1,448 mm (57.0 in)
1998–2000 Wagon: 1,496 mm (58.9 in)
2006–09 Sedan: 1,453 mm (57.2 in)
2006–present Wagon: 1,465 mm (57.7 in)

Engines

The first-generation 9-5 was powered by Saab's B205 and B235 straight-4 engines, and from 2002 in Europe by an Opel Ecotec X22DTH 2.2 diesel engine (Saab D223L), replaced in 2006 by Fiat's 1.9 JTD 16V diesel straight-4. A turbocharged version of the GM 54°, designated by Saab as B308, had a unique asymmetrical low-pressure turbocharger and was available from 1999 to 2003. This engine was available only with an automatic transmission, and cars with this engine installed are distinguishable by their twin tailpipes. The V6 was only available on Arc, SE, and Griffin models. In 2004, the V6 engine was replaced by a high pressure turbo straight-4 engine producing 220 hp (160 kW). By 2006 this engine was producing 260 hp (190 kW) even in the non-Aero or non-sport models (US models).

The B205 & B235-based 9-5 models have suffered a high rate of engine failures due to engine oil sludge.[citation needed] This primarily affected the 1999–2003 models. Saab refined the engine's positive crankcase ventilation system (PCV) for the 2004 and later model years and required use of fully synthetic oil, virtually eliminating the problem. Additionally, SAAB created update kits to retrofit to the 1999–2003 cars since they cannot be easily modified to accept the 2004 and later system. Mounting complaints by 9-5 owners forced GM to offer an eight-year warranty on the engine in 4-cylinder models for original owners, provided the owner can produce proof that they followed the manufacturer's oil change intervals. Saab now also recommends the use of recommended blended oil as a preventative measure.

Transmissions

The 9-5 was available with an Aisin AW 4-speed automatic transmission from 1997 to 2001. A new Aisin AW unit replaced the dated four-speed automatic with a five-speed automatic. A five-speed manual transmission is fitted as standard to the base models and the Aero. A six-speed manual transmission was never offered in first-generation 9-5's.

Alternative propulsion

E85

In 2005, an updated version of the 2.0 L turbocharged I4 was introduced in the European market together with the 2006 9-5. The engine is sold as 2.0T BioPower, and it is optimized to run on E85 producing 132 kW (180 hp) at 5500 rpm. There is also a 2.3T BioPower version sold from 2007. It was also introduced in Australia.

E100

There is a Saab 9-5 E100 Concept, based on the turbo 2.0.

BioPower Hybrid

The Saab BioPower Hybrid concept/prototype is based on the Saab 9-5 E100, with three additional electric motors.

Safety

Continuing Saab's long-running tradition of offering class-leading safety features, the 9-5 introduced Saab's Active Head Restraints (SAHR), which moved up and forward to prevent whiplash when the car was struck from the rear. This feature won technology and safety awards in Australia, Denmark and the United Kingdom. The Saab 9-5 also was one of the first cars to have extensive side-crash protection. In the front seats were torso and head airbags, on even the oldest of 9-5s, making it unique in that few other late 1990s vehicles provided the same feature. The basic structure included a robust passenger cage, front and rear deformation zones, reinforced door posts and pillars, as well as the "Pendulum B-Pillar", which combined high-strength low-alloy steel at chest and head height with tailored blank steel at the floorpan, designed to direct the crash forces down toward the floor. The design was proven by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) to protect occupants in side crashes, even without the addition of curtain airbags or rear side airbags. From 2002, ESP (electronic stability control), was included as standard equipment.

Another Saab feature was the "Night Panel", which permitted dousing of the instrument panel lighting, except for essential information, for less distraction when driving at night. Once the night panel button (located by the stereo and caution lights) has been activated, the instrument cluster will dim except for the speedometer, which will illuminate from 0-87 mph, until 87 has been exceeded. As a gauge becomes a necessity for the driver's attention, it will illuminate (for example, if the car needs to be refueled, if the engine is overheating, etc.)

In the United States OnStar was available, and provided as standard equipment in selected 9-5's from 2001 onward.[7]

Aero

2001 U.S. Market 9-5 Aero with BBS RK Wheel Option

The performance 9-5 Aero (with earlier versions sometimes referred to as the HOT Aero) was first released in 2000 with a 2.3T B235R engine. The B235R engine of the 9-5 Aero was capable of providing immense torque and acceleration-wise outperformed the Porsche 911 Turbo of the same era from 40-90 mph.Initially badged as a 230ps engine, Saab later conceded that the 230 hp power figure was quite conservative,with the manual versions rated 250 hp and having more torque than stated. This flagship model had a long list of standard features, a sport tuned suspension, and body side moldings. In 2002 a 253 PS (186 kW; 250 hp) 2.3 turbo engine was made standard,which allowed for more torque after 4500 rev/min. All Aero models from 2002-2005 have an identical engine layout and management system, with the 2002-05 models just having a slightly remapped version of that ECU from factory. The high-powered version of the 9-5 in the final form produces 263 PS (193 kW; 259 hp) and 350 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) of torque (370 N⋅m (270 lb⋅ft) with its 20-second overboost function accessible on the manual transmission equipped version. From model year 2006 to end of production, the 260 PS (191 kW; 256 hp) B235R was the standard engine in the 9-5 in both the 2.3T and Aero trims. 2006 had only one badge designation, the 2.3T and appointments normally found on the Aero could be added via a "Sport Package". 2007 and on added an Aero badge to the trunk lid to distinguish from regular 2.3T models. In addition, almost all standard features on the Aero were standard on the 2.3T, the exceptions being sport-tuned chassis, two-tone leather upholstery, "anniversary" wheels and brushed aluminum interior trim, all of which were standard on Aero and not available on the 2.3T.

Police car

  • The 9-5 is used for patrol and undercover in several parts of its native country, Sweden, alongside the Volvo V70. Several police forces in the UK also use the 9-5 in their fleets, mostly in Aero guise.
  • The city of Aspen, Colorado, used Saabs as patrol cars from early 1970s until 2005, when the 9-5 was discontinued in favor of Volvo XC90.[8]
  • The town of Vail, Colorado, had been using Saabs since 1980, but in 2005, the black 9-5 patrol cars were replaced by Ford Explorers, due to budget reasons.[9]
  • In 2006 Lothian and Borders Police in Edinburgh, Scotland, started using three Saab 9-5 Aero 2.3T patrol cars as part of a fleet of 580 various vehicles. These 9-5s were customised to police specifications by the Saab, Vauxhall and Chevrolet Special Vehicles Operation (SVO) in Papworth, Cambridgeshire.[10] In undercover guise, these cars were outwardly identical to the Linear Sport models, but featured the 260 bhp Aero drivetrain.
  • In Poland, an unmarked 9-5 is used as a video-pursuit vehicle, in the Płock area[11]
  • 2004–2005 Saab 9-5 Aero sedan (US)
    2004–2005 Saab 9-5 Aero sedan (US)
  • 2007 Saab 9-5 sedan (US)
    2007 Saab 9-5 sedan (US)
  • Saab 9-5 Estate (UK)
    Saab 9-5 Estate (UK)
  • 2002–2005 Saab 9-5 3.0t wagon (US)
    2002–2005 Saab 9-5 3.0t wagon (US)

Engines

Model Years Engine Engine type Displ. Max. power Max. torque 0–100 km/h[12]
1.9TiD 2006–2009 Fiat JTD straight-4, diesel 1910 cc 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) @ 4000 rpm 320 N⋅m (240 lb⋅ft) @ 2000 rpm 10.1 (10.7) s
2.2TiD 2002–2006 Opel Ecotec X22DTH straight-4, diesel 2171 cc 120 PS (88 kW; 118 hp) @ 4000 rpm 280 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) @ 1500 rpm 11.0 s
3.0 V6TiD 2001–2006 Isuzu DMAX V6, diesel 2958 cc 176 PS (129 kW; 174 hp) @ 4000 rpm 350 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) @ 1800 rpm 8.9 s
2.0t 1998–2009 B205E straight-4, petrol 1985 cc 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) @ 5500 rpm 240 N⋅m (180 lb⋅ft) @ 1800 rpm 9.8 (10.2) s
2.0t (SAAB tuned) 1998–2009 B205L straight-4, petrol 1985 cc 192 PS (141 kW; 189 hp) @ 5500 rpm 310 N⋅m (230 lb⋅ft) @ 1700 rpm 8.3 s
2.0t BioPower 2005–2009 B205E straight-4, E85 1985 cc 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) @ 5500 rpm 280 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) @ 1800 rpm 8.5 (9.0) s
2.3t BioPower 2006–2009 B235L straight-4, E85 2290 cc 210 PS (154 kW; 207 hp) @ 5500 rpm 310 N⋅m (230 lb⋅ft) @ 1800 rpm 7.9 (8.5) s
2.3t 1998–2001 B235E straight-4, petrol 2290 cc 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) @ 5500 rpm 280 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) @ 1800 rpm 8.7 (9.3) s
2.3t 2001–2009 B235E straight-4, petrol 2290 cc 185 PS (136 kW; 182 hp) @ 5500 rpm 280 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) @ 1800 rpm 7.9 (8.5) s
2.3T 2004–2005 B235L straight-4, petrol 2290 cc 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp) @ 5500 rpm 310 N⋅m (230 lb⋅ft) @ 2500 rpm 7.9 (8.5) s
3.0t V6 1998–2003 B308 V6, petrol 2962 cc 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) @ 5000 rpm 310 N⋅m (230 lb⋅ft) @ 2500 rpm 8.3 (auto) s
Aero 1999–2001 B235R straight-4, petrol 2290 cc 230 PS (169 kW; 227 hp) @ 5500 rpm 370 N⋅m (270 lb⋅ft) @ 1900 rpm 6.9 s
Aero 2002–2005 B235R straight-4, petrol 2290 cc 250 PS (184 kW; 247 hp) @ 5300 rpm 370 N⋅m (270 lb⋅ft) @ 1900 rpm 6.9 s
Aero 2006–2009 B235R straight-4, petrol 2290 cc 260 PS (191 kW; 256 hp) @ 5300 rpm 370 N⋅m (270 lb⋅ft) @ 1900 rpm 6.9 s
Hirsch 2006–2009 B235R straight-4, petrol 2290 cc 300 PS (221 kW; 296 hp) @ 5300 rpm 400 N⋅m (300 lb⋅ft) @ 1900 rpm 6.3 s

Second generation (2010–2012)

Second generation
Overview
Production2010–2012
DesignerSimon Padian, Anders Gustafsson[13]
Body and chassis
Body style4-door sedan
LayoutTransverse front-engine, front-wheel drive / four-wheel drive
PlatformGM Epsilon II platform
RelatedChevrolet Impala
Buick LaCrosse
Cadillac XTS
Chevrolet Malibu
Opel Insignia/Buick Regal
Powertrain
Engine1.6L turbocharged I4
2.0L turbocharged I4
2.8L turbocharged V6
2.0L turbodiesel I4
Transmission6-speed automatic
6-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,837 mm (111.7 in)
Length5,008 mm (197.2 in)[14]
Width1,868 mm (73.5 in)[14]
Height1,466 mm (57.7 in)[15]
The rear of a 2011 Saab 9-5 sedan
Saab 9-5 SportCombi

A next generation 9-5 built on the Global Epsilon platform was presented at the Frankfurt International Auto Show in September 2009. The vehicle had its North American debut in October 2009 at the South Florida Auto Show in Miami.[16] On November 24, 2009, the first pre-series Saab 9-5 of the new generation rolled off the Trollhättan production line. On the Saab International Site stated below, more pictures and information on the car can be found.

With the announcement of the sale of Saab to Spyker on January 26, 2010, it was confirmed that the new generation Saab 9-5 was already taken into production at the Saab plant in Trollhättan. Full production began in April 2010, with the cars appearing in dealerships on June 19.[17] Saab introduced a wagon variant of the new 9-5, dubbed "SportCombi," at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show.[18] The Saab 9-5 Sedan 2.8V6 Turbo has been named Car of the Year in Singapore by Wheels Asia.[19]

As Saab's business issues came to a head, production of 2011 9-5 models essentially ended in March 2011, when the production line in Trollhättan was stopped due to supply chain issues related to Saab's liquidity.[20] Total production numbers of the Gen II Saab 9-5 ended at 11280 units.  

Although a number of prototype and production pilot SportCombis were produced, the variant did not enter serial production prior to Saab's bankruptcy in December 2011. There are 27 known surviving production SportCombi vehicles, 22 of which were sold at auction between December 2012 and June 2013.

Trim levels

Trim/equipment levels vary from country to country.

In the US Saab 9-5's are as follows: Turbo4, Turbo4 Premium, Turbo6 XWD and Aero. Turbo4 models come with the turbocharged four-cylinder and are well-equipped with features including power adjustable driver and passenger’s seats, leather upholstery, five-spoke alloy wheels, fog lamps and rain-sensing wipers. The Turbo4 Premium adds a panoramic sunroof, headlamp washers, Saab parking assistance, keyless entry and start, memory seats and 18-inch alloy wheels, while the Turbo6 XWD is powered by a turbocharged six-cylinder Ecotec engine and features an all-wheel-drive system. The top end Aero features 15-spoke “Rotor” 18-inch alloy wheels, leather-trimmed sports seats, a multi-color central information display, Bi-Xenon SmartBeam headlamps, dark titanium-effect interior trim, aluminum sports pedals, a sport-tuned suspension with real-time damping and unique Aero exterior elements.[21]

UK equipment levels for the 2012 model year include the Vector SE and Aero and both sedan and sportcombi are available. The previous base models, Linear and Vector were replaced by the Vector SE model.[22]

Whilst in other parts of the world less trim levels are available, in Australia the Linear (base) is not part of the line up—only the Vector and Aero trims are available.

Engines

In North America, the engine choices are either a turbocharged V6 or an EcoTec I4. Other countries, however, have a turbodiesel I4 engine. Engine performance upgrades from Hirsch Performance Saabs only factory approved tuner increased the power of the V6 engine to 330 BHP and the in line-4 engine to 296 BHP.

Petrol engine
Model Engine Displacement Power Torque 0–100 km/h,s Top speed (FWD) Note CO2 emission (g/km) Years
Ecotec 1.6T I4 1598 cc 180 hp (134 kW; 182 PS) @5500 rpm 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) @2200 rpm 9.5 220 km/h (140 mph) 179 2011-2012
Ecotec 2.0T I4 1998 cc 220 hp (164 kW; 223 PS) @5300 rpm 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft) @2500 rpm 8.0 240 km/h (150 mph) 198 2010–2012
2.8T V6 2792 cc 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) @5500 rpm 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) @2000 rpm 6.9 250 km/h (160 mph) 269 2010–2012
BioPower engine
Model Engine Displacement Power Torque 0–100 km/h,s Top speed Note CO2 emission (g/km) Years
2.0T BioPower I4 1998 cc 220 hp (164 kW; 223 PS) @5300 rpm 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft) @2500 rpm 8.0 240 km/h (150 mph) 198 2012
Diesel engine
Model Engine Displacement Power Torque 0–100 km/h,s Top speed Note CO2 emission (g/km) Years
2.0TiD I4 1956 cc 160 hp (119 kW; 162 PS) @4000 rpm 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft) @1750 rpm 9.9 215 km/h (134 mph) 139 2010–2012
2.0TTiD I4 1956 cc 190 hp (142 kW; 193 PS) @4000 rpm 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) @1750 rpm 8.8 230 km/h (140 mph) 159 2011-2012

Transmissions and layout

Petrol engine Layout
Model Years Standard Optional front-wheel drive four-wheel drive
1.6T 2010–2012 6-speed manual - Green tickY Red XN
2.0T 2010–2012 6-speed manual 6-speed automatic Green tickY Green tickY
2.8T 2010–2012 6-speed automatic - Red XN Green tickY
BioPower engine Layout
Model Years Standard Optional front-wheel drive four-wheel drive
2.0T 2010–2012 6-speed manual 6-speed automatic Green tickY Green tickY
Diesel engine Layout
Model Years Standard Optional front-wheel drive four-wheel drive
2.0TiD 2010–2012 6-speed manual 6-speed automatic Green tickY Red XN
2.0TTiD 2010–2012 6-speed manual 6-speed automatic Green tickY Green tickY

Safety

Euro NCAP test results
Saab 9-5 (2009)[23]
Test Points %
Overall:
Adult occupant: 34 94%
Child occupant: 39 80%
Pedestrian: 16 44%
Safety assist: 6 86%

References

  1. ^ "2010 Saab 9-5 – You must see this vehicle". SaabsUnited.com. 2009-09-15. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  2. ^ "Saab builds last 9-5, begins retooling for new model". Leftlanenews.com. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
  3. ^ "Final Saab 9-5 SportCombi Model Rolls Off Assembly Line". SaabHistory.com. 2010-02-01. Retrieved 2010-02-01.
  4. ^ "Ny Teknik avslöjar: Saab-affär med kineserna klar". Talentum Media AB. Retrieved 2012-02-04.
  5. ^ gminsidenews.com Saab builds the last GM2902 9-5 SportCombi
  6. ^ carscoop.blogspot.com; China made Saab 9-5 by BAW, Carscoop, Apr 22, 2010
  7. ^ "2008 Saab 9-5 Sedan: Safety Features and Specifications". Saabusa.com. Retrieved 2010-09-27.
  8. ^ City of Aspen – Police Department – Patrol Division[dead link‍]
  9. ^ "Vail police switch from Saab to Ford". USA Today. 2003-09-23. Retrieved 2010-05-23.
  10. ^ "Saab 9-5 2.3t Police Model (UK)". Worldcarfans.com. 2006-09-21. Retrieved 2010-09-27.
  11. ^ "Czym jeździ video-drogówka – Poboczem.pl – Nie tylko wiejski tuning i tragiczne wypadki drogowe". Poboczem.pl. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
  12. ^ Times for Sport Sedan with manual gearbox, in brackets indicated times for Sport Combi. Automatic times are not represented, but does generally 1–2 s more.
  13. ^ Valdemar Lönnroth valdemar.lonnroth@ttela.se. "ttela: Forna Saab-chefer på nya jobb" (in Swedish). Ttela.se. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  14. ^ a b "Saab". Saab. Retrieved 2010-03-22.
  15. ^ "Saab". Saab. Retrieved 2010-03-22.
  16. ^ "GM Media Online". Media.gm.com. 2009-10-16. Retrieved 2009-10-23. [dead link‍]
  17. ^ "Spyker press release" (PDF). Spyker N.V. 2010-01-26. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  18. ^ "All-new Saab 9-5 SportCombi to Debut at Geneva Motor Show - Saab Newsroom". Newsroom.saab.com. Retrieved 2011-02-05.
  19. ^ "Saab 9-5 named Car of the Year in Singapore". Media.saab.com. 2011-10-07. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
  20. ^ "Saab output suspended again over supplier payments". Crain Communications, Inc. 2011-03-30. Retrieved 2012-02-04.
  21. ^ "Saab 9-5 Information". LeftLane News. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  22. ^ "SAAB 9-5 2012 model year UK specs & prices". blog.Saab9-5. 2011-06-16. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  23. ^ "Euro NCAP results for Saab 9-5" (PDF). euroncap.com. 2009.
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