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Jinping-I Dam

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Jinping-I Dam
Jinping-I Dam is located in China
Jinping-I Dam
Location of Jinping-I Dam in China
Official nameJinping-I Hydropower Station
LocationLiangshan, Sichuan, China
PurposePower
StatusPartially operational
Construction began2005
Opening date2013
Owner(s)Ertan Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
Dam and spillways
Type of damArch, double-curvature
ImpoundsYalong River
Height305 m (1,001 ft)
Length568.6 m (1,865 ft)
Spillway typeCrest, bottom outlets, flood tunnel
Spillway capacityCrest: 2,993 m3/s (105,700 cu ft/s)
Bottom outlets: 5,465 m3/s (193,000 cu ft/s)
Tunnel: 3,651 m3/s (128,900 cu ft/s)
Reservoir
CreatesJinping-I Reservoir
Total capacity7,760,000,000 m3 (6,290,000 acre⋅ft)
Active capacity4,910,000,000 m3 (3,980,000 acre⋅ft)
Catchment area102,560 km2 (39,600 sq mi)
Surface area82.55 km2 (31.87 sq mi)
Power Station
Commission date2013–2015
Turbines6 × 600MW Francis-type
Installed capacity1,200 MW
Annual generation16–18 TWh

The Jinping-I Dam (simplified Chinese: 锦屏一级水电站; traditional Chinese: 錦屏一級水電站) also known as the Jinping-I Hydropower Station, Jinping 1st Cascade or Jinping No.1 Hydraulic Power Station, is a tall arch dam on the "Jinping Bend" of the Yalong River (Yalong Jiang) in Liangshan, Sichuan, China. Construction on the project began in 2005 and when complete, its power station will have a 3600 MW capacity to produce between 16 and 18 TW·h (billion kW·h) annually. Supplying the power station will is a reservoir created the 305-meter-tall arch dam, the tallest in the world. The project's objective is to supply energy for expanding industrialization and urbanization, improve flood protection, and prevent erosion. The dam began to impound its reservoir on 8 October 2012 and the first two of six 600 MW generators became operational on 30 August 2013.[2] Full electrical power capability will not be installed until 2015.[3]

History

Harnessing hydropower on the Jinping bend of the Yalong River has been in planning for decades. The length of bend is 150 km but the downstream part of the river on the opposite side is only separated by 16 km. Between that distance, there is an elevation drop of 310 m, creating an excellent situation for hydroelectricity production. Two projects were planned for the bend, the Jinping I and Jinping II with a combined capacity of 8,400 MW. Planning for the projects began in the 1960s under the former Sichuan and Shanghai design institutes along with the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power. They produced the "Reinvestigation Report on The Yalong River bend (Jinping)". In July 1965, the Jinping Hydropower Engineering Headquarters was set up and designs for the Jinping 1 and Jinping 2 would progress with the East China Investigation and Design Instititute.[4]

Construction began on 12 November 2005. The dam began to impound its reservoir on 8 October 2012. First power was generated in 2013 with the remainder of the work to be completed by 2015.[5] The rapid impounding has been linked to reservoir-induced seismicity by a Chinese geologist. Out of hundreds of small earthquakes during impoundment, three between 3.9MW and 4.58MW were recorded on 22 November 2013 on a nearby fault line.[6]

Geography

The Jinping-I Dam is on the border of the Yanyuan and Muli districts in the autonomous Liangshan Yi area of the Sichuan province. The Yalong River, which the dam will control, is the largest tributary of the Jinsha. For the project, approximately 7,500 inhabitants will be relocated.

Design

The 305m tall and 568m long arch dam supplies the power station with water from a 7.7 billion m3 reservoir, of which 4.9 billion m3 is active or usable storage. The dam itself has a structural volume of 7.4 million m3. To control flooding, the dam is equipped with a controlled spillway on its crest with four gates and the capability to discharge up to 2,993 m3/s (105,700 cu ft/s). Five bottom outlets on the dam's orifice capable of discharging 5,465 m3/s (193,000 cu ft/s) and a tunnel with a discharge capacity of 3,651 m3/s (128,900 cu ft/s) with augment flood control as well. The power station will contain six 600 MW Francis turbines. Water discharged from the power station is then diverted downstream by the Jinping 2 Dam to the Jinping 2 Hydropower Station.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Jingping" (PDF). Chinese Committee on Large Dams. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
  2. ^ "The world's highest arch dam Jinping first production unit" (in Chinese). Economic Times Network. 2 September 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  3. ^ World's Highest Arch Dam Begins Reservoir Impounding in China
  4. ^ The Big River Bend and The "Jinping Dream"
  5. ^ "SDIC Electric Power: impoundment Jinping Hydropower Station" (in Chinese). Economic Times Network. 4 December 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
  6. ^ "Jinping-I Dam impoundment linked to earthquakes". Probe International. 3 February 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
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