Kate Rice
Kathleen Rice | |
|---|---|
 Kate Rice outsider her cabin on Wekusko Lake | |
| Born | December 22, 1882 St. Marys, Ontario |
| Died | 2 January 1963 (aged 80) Minnedosa, Manitoba |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Other names | Mooniasquao |
| Alma mater | University of Toronto |
| Occupation(s) | Prospector, Writer, Trapper |
| Known for | First woman prospector |
Kate Rice (December 22, 1882 - January 3, 1963) was a Canadian prospector, adventurer, and writer who lived in northern Manitoba. She garnered widespread attention for her colorful life and for succeeding in the mineral industry which had few if any women at the time.
Early Life
Kathleen Creighton Starr Rice was born in 1882 to Henry Lincoln Rice and Charlotte Carter Rice, an upper-middle class family in St. Marys, Ontario who claimed to be related to President Abraham Lincoln.[1] Her grandfather was a progressive Methodist Minister who founded a college for women in Hamilton.[2] Her father taught her to canoe and camp along the St. Mary’s River at the age of six, regaled her with tales of Daniel Boone[1] and gave her a life-long taste for adventure and the outdoors.[3]
Rice attended the University of Toronto, winning the Edward Blake Scholarship twice. She studied Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy, graduating in 1906.[4]
In 1908, Rice moved west to Tees, Alberta where she taught at a summer school. She then took up a position at Professor of Mathematics at Albert College in Belleville, Ontario and taught in Yorkton, Saskatchewan in 1911 and 1912.[3] During this period she began to spend time in Canadian Rockies, took up mountaineering, particularly in the Cascade Mountain region. This became a life long passion and she later joined the Alpine Club Of Canada.[4]
At the age of 29, Rice decided she wanted to homestead and participate in the opening of Canada’s “new frontier” in the north. At that time, women were prevented from holding legal title of homesteads, so Rice used her brother Lincoln’s name to purchase land 6 km (3.7 mi) north of The Pas, Manitoba.[1] and in 1913 she began to farm.[5]
Prospecting
Soon after Rice moved to The Pas, there was word of gold being discovered 90 km (56 mi) north on Beaver Lake. Rice began studying prospecting and read everything she found on geology. She befriended local Cree, and learned their language and to hunt and trap. In 1914 Rice borrowed money, a “grubstake”, from an old college friend[4] and hired a Cree guide to take her north to Beaver Lake by dogsled. She then travelled north by canoe to Brochet and Beaver Lakes to begin prospecting. “Old Isaac” a local Cree Elder, taught her how to trap, hunt, mush dogs, and shoot. The local Cree called her “Mooniasquao” (white woman).[4]
On her first prospecting foray, Rice discovered zinc showings at Reindeer Lake but didn’t stake the claim as there was no railway to the area and it would be difficult to develop.[6] In 1915, she took her dog team to explore the Beaver Lake area where she went on to stake her first claims.[2]
The following year, Rice entered into a partnership with Richard Woosey.[7] Woosey was two years older, a veteran of the British 18th Royal Hussars Regiment, and had fought in the Boer War, in India, and along the Afghan border.[6] The two built a remote cabin together and worked as a team until Woosey’s death in 1940. While there was frequent speculation about their personal relationship, Rice always insisted it was strictly professional.[2] In 1917, Rice staked more claims at Herb Lake and had them surveyed, proved, and assessed. For several decades afterward, Rice prospected the Wekusko Lake, Herb Lake and Snow Lake area as well as the Burntwood and Flin Flon mineral belts.[3]
In 1928, Rice visisted Toronto, where she began to garner media attention as “...a most picturesque feminine visitor” (she stood six feet tall with golden blonde hair[2]), who was nonetheless making a name for herself in the notoriously rugged world of northern trapping and prospecting.[8] For years afterwards, the Toronto Star would hound her while she was on her regular visits south to see her parents[2] and international papers would regulary record her exploits.[1]
Rice was offered $500,000 for one of her claims, but decide to hold out for twice that amount. Unfortunately, the buyer eventually walked away and she was only able to sell it for $20,000 to International Nickel (INCO).[9] Rice and Woosey were later sued by C. E. Hermann, a former associate, for breach of contract evoling another claim that was valued (for a time) at $5 million.[1] Her many copper and nickel discoveries ultimately led to the development of many large mining operations and the creation of the mining hub of Thompson, Manitoba.[6]
Later years
From 1940 onwards Rice lived in her log cabin on her island on Wekusko Lake, writing, gardening, fishing, trapping, and prospecting in her small 12 ft canvas canoe "Duckling".[8] She wrote several articles in scientific journals about meterological and astronomical observations she had made in her travels through Canada’s north. She became well known, as well, for her ability to raise and train sled dogs, and for her skill in mushing them without resorting to the use of a whip.[10]
After so many years living in isolation on her island, Rice became worried for her own sanity. She left the wilderness in 1960 at the age of 77 to check into the Brandon Mental Institution. After examination, the doctors assured her she was not crazy, but rather was “just a prospector”.[1] Nonetheless, in 1962 Rice moved herself into a nursing home in Minnedosa, Manitoba where she died a year later. Penniless in the end, she was buried in an unmarked grave.[3]
Recognition
The island upon which Rice lived on Wekusko Lake was officially recognized as Rice Island in 1946.[11] In 2013 a plaque was installed on the island that read: "In Memory of Kathleen ‘Kate’ Rice. With the aurora borealis illuminating her pioneering trail, her courage and ethics spoke volumes, while her deeds and prospecting helped define the North we know."[12]
In 2009, the Snow Lake newspaper, Underground Press, spearheaded a fundraising campaign to erect a headstone on Rice’s grave in Minnedosa which read “Prospector and Pioneer of the North, Extraordinary Woman of the Wilds”.[1] A similar stone was erected in The Pas on Dick Woosey’s grave.[6]
The Canadian Mining Hall of Fame inducted Kate Rice in 2013.[13]
A relative donated Rice’s papers, including an unpublished memoir and drawings, to the University of Manitoba Archives. [1]
Notes/Further reading
- Kate Rice, Prospector – by Helen Duncan (Simon & Pierre, Toronto, Canada 1984)
- Kathleen Rice Fond, University of Manitoba Archives and Special Collections
- CBC Radio - Extraordinary Woman of the Wilds: Kate Rice
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Peters, Carly (2013). "Swings On Her Own Gate". Northern Prospector: 48. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Glanville, Jen (May 2014). "Kathleen Rice Trailblazing the Manitoba wilds". CIM Magazine. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Kate Rice Timeline". Women In Mining. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d Tiltman, Marjorie Hessell (1935). Women in Modern Adventure. London: George G Harper & Co. Ltd. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
- ^ Millar, Ruth (May 31 2004). Saskatchewan Heroes & Rogues. Coteau Books. ISBN 1550502891. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
{{cite book}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b c d "Kate Rice: Still making history". Thompson Citizen. October 30, 2013. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
- ^ Duncan, Helen (Sept. 1 2002). Kate Rice: Prospector. Dundurn. ISBN 0889242100. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
{{cite book}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b Tiltman, Marjorie Hessell (Sept 10, 1936). "Prospecting in the Canadian Wilds". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "Kathleen Rice: An Inventory of Her Papers at the University of Manitoba Archives & Special Collections". University of Manitoba Libraries. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
- ^ Eskritt, Rayanne (May–June 2013). "Rice: Woman of the North" (PDF). Cottage North Magazine. 11 (3): 7. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ "Canadian Geographical Names". Natural Resources Canada. Govt of Canada. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
- ^ Jackson, Marc. "An island tribute for Kate Rice and Dick Woosey". Thompson Citizen. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
- ^ Purdy, Chris. "Not crazy just a female prospector: Kate Rice honoured for mining first". Macleans Magazine. Retrieved 9 August 2014.