1949 in poetry
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Links to nations or nationalities point to articles with information on that nation's poetry or literature. For example, United Kingdom links to English poetry and Indian links to Indian poetry.
Events
- January 19 - Starting this year, and continuing to at least 2009, an anonymous black-clad person, who enters popular lore as the Poe Toaster, appears in Baltimore at the Westminster Hall and Burying Ground tomb of American poet Edgar Allan Poe early on the morning of Poe's birthday. The man toasts Poe with Cognac and leaves three red roses at the grave (along with the remainder of the Cognac).[1]
- February 19 - Ezra Pound is awarded the first Bollingen Prize in poetry by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University provoking a storm of criticism because of his pro-Fascist activities before and during World War II.[2]
- March - Pablo Neruda flees Chile over the Lilpela Pass through the Andes to Argentina on horseback carrying a manuscript of his Canto General.
- April 14 - Roy Campbell punches Stephen Spender on the nose at a poetry reading in London.[3]
- Indonesian poet Chairil Anwar writes his last poem, "Cemara Menderai Sampai Jauh" ("Fir Trees Are Sown Off Into the Distance"), prior to his death aged 26 on April 28.[4]
- Greek Communist poet Yannis Ritsos, incarcerated during the Communist–centrist/rightist struggle in the Greek Civil War, writes poems which will ultimately see publication twenty-six years later, in the 1975 book, Petrinos khronos.
- George Hill Dillon, editor of the journal Poetry since 1937, relinquishes his post.
- First issue of Caribbean Quarterly, the flagship journal on culture edited at the University of the West Indies, spotlights Caribbean poetry.[5]
Works published in English
Listed by nation where the work was first published and again by the poet's native land, if different; substantially revised works listed separately:
- Raymond Knister, Collected Poems ed. Dorothy Livesay.[6]
- James Reaney, The Red Heart.[6] Governor General's Award 1949.
- Sri Aurobindo, Chitrangada ( Poetry in English ), Bombay: Sri Aurobindo Circle,[7]
- Allen Curnow:
- Basil Dowling, Canterbury[9]
- Dannie Abse, After Every Green Thing[10]
- Edward Andrade, Poems and Songs
- Roy Campbell, Collected Poems, Volume 1 (Volume 2 1957, Volume 3 (consisting of translations) 1960)[10]
- C. Day-Lewis, Collected Poems, published in March, although the book states "1948" (see also Collected Poems 1954)[10]
- William Empson, Collected Poems of William Empson[11]
- Roy Fuller, Epitaphs and Occasions[10]
- Robert Garioch Sutherland, writing under the name "Robert Garioch", Chuckles on the Cairn[10]
- W. S. Graham, The White Threshold
- Geoffrey Grigson, editor, Poetry of the Present, anthology[10]
- Christopher Hassall, The Slow Night, and Other Poems 1940–8[10]
- James Kirkup, editor, Leeds University Poetry, including work by Kirkup, Wilfred Rowland Childe, Derrick Metcalfe, and Kenneth Muir (Hull: Lotus Press)[12]
- Louis MacNeice, Collected Poems 1925–48[10]
- Edwin Muir, The Labyrinth[10]
- Kathleen Raine, The Pythoness, and Other Poems[10]
- James Reeves, The Imprisoned Sea[10]
- Edith Sitwell, The Canticle of the Rose: Poems 1917–1949[11]
- Stephen Spender, The Edge of Being[10]
- W. B. Yeats (d. 1939), Poems, "The Definitive Edition", Irish poet published in the United Kingdom[10]
- Conrad Aiken:
- Joseph Payne Brennan, Heart of Earth (Decker Press)
- Gwendolyn Brooks, Annie Allen[13]
- John Ciardi, Live Another Day[13]
- Hilda Doolittle, writing under the pen name "H. D.", By Avon River[13]
- Kenneth Fearing, Stranger at Coney Island[13]
- Robert Frost, Complete Poems[13]
- Langston Hughes, One-Way Ticket[13]
- Kenneth Patchen:
- Ezra Pound, Selected Poems[13]
- Kenneth Rexroth:
- The Signature of All Things[13]
- The Art of Worldly Wisdom", Prairie City, Illinois: Decker Press
- Louis Simpson, The Arrivistes[13]
- Donald A. Stauffer, The Golden Nightingale: Essays on Some Principles of Poetry in the Lyrics of William Butler Yeats, New York: Macmillan, United States criticism[14]
- Peter Viereck, The Poet in the Machine Age
- William Carlos Williams:
Other in English
- Judith Wright, Woman to Man, Australian
- W. B. Yeats (d. 1939), Poems, "The Definitive Edition", Irish poet published in the United Kingdom[10]
Works published in other languages
- Aimé Césaire, Corps perdu[15]
- Paul Éluard, pen name of Paul-Eugène Grindel, ''Une leçon de morale[16]
- Eugene Guilleveic, Gagner[17]
- Pierre Jean Jouve, Diadème[17]
- Henri Michaux, Poesie pour pouvoir, Paris: Drouin[18]
- Pierre Reverdy, Main d'oeuvre: 1913–1949[17]
- Claude Roy, Le Poète mineur[16]
- Jules Supervielle, Oublieuse Mémoire[17]
- Tristan Tzara, pen name of Sami Rosenstock, Phases[17]
In each section, listed in alphabetical order by first name:
- C. V. Karandikar, also known as Vinda Karandikar, Svedaganga, India, Marathi-language[19]
- Manmohan, Yugayugance Sahapravasi, Indian, Marathi-language (later translated into Hindi under the title Marsal ki Salami)[19]
- K. B. Nikumb, Ujjvala, Indian, Marathi-language[19]
- Sarachchandra Muktibodh, Navi Malavat Indian, Marathi-language[19]
- Shrikrishna Powale, Jala Mati, Indian, Marathi-language[19]
Other languages of the Indian subcontinent
- Masood Husain, Urdu zaban aur adab, a history, written in Urdu of that language and its literature[19]
- Nilakantha Shastri, translator, Sri Rama Carita, translation into Sanskrit of the Tamil-language Kamba Ramayana[19]
- Pritam Singh Safir, Rakt Bundam, Indian, Punjabi-language[19]
- S. Lalita, translator, Valarmati, translation into Tamil from the Indian poetry in English of Rabindranath Tagore's The Crescent Moon[19]
- Sitaramaiah Kuruganti, Navyandhra Sahitya Vidhulu, a four-volume history in Telugu of that language's literature[19]
- Umar Alisha, translator, Umar Khayyam, translation into Telugu from the Persian of Omar Khayyam's Rubaiyats[19]
Other languages
Listed by nation where the work was first published and again by the poet's native land, if different; substantially revised works listed separately:
- Alfonso Calderón, Primer Consejo a los Arcangeles del Viento ("First Advice to the Archangels of the Wind"), Spanish-language, Chile[20]
- Haim Gouri, Pirhei Esh ("Flowers of Fire, Years of Fire"), Israeli writing in Hebrew[21]
- Eric Knudsen, Blomsten og sværdet ("The Flower and the Sword"), Denmark[22]
- Alexander Mezhirov, Новые встречи ("New Encounters"), including "Communists, Ahead!", Russia[23]
- Máirtín Ó Direáin, Rogha Dánta, Irish poet writing in Irish
- Carlos de Oliveira, Descida aos Infernos
- Nizar Qabbani, Samba, Syrian poet writing in Arabic
Awards and honors
- Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress (later the post would be called "Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress"): Elizabeth Bishop appointed this year.
- Pulitzer Prize for poetry: Peter Viereck, Terror and Decorum
- Bollingen Prize: Ezra Pound
- Canada: Governor General's Award, poetry or drama: The Red Heart, James Reaney [24]
Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- January 25 – Tom Paulin, Northern Irish poet and critic of film, music and literature
- January 27 – Bruce Weigl, American poet and academic
- February 6 – Eliot Weinberger, American essayist & principal translator of Octavio Paz into English
- March 14 – Lynn Emanuel, American poet
- April 13 – Marilyn Bowering, Canadian poet and novelist
- April 25 – James Fenton English journalist, poet, critic and academic
- May 13 – Christopher Reid, English poet, essayist, cartoonist, writer and exponent of Martian poetry
- June 21:
- John Agard playwright, poet, and children's writer from Guyana, who moved to England in 1977
- Jane Urquhart, Canadian poet and author
- July 5 – Pier Giorgio di Cicco Italian-Canadian poet
- August 1 – Jim Carroll, American poet, author and musician.[25]
- August 2 – Bei Dao, (北島, literally meaning "Northern Island"), the pseudonym of Chinese poet Zhao Zhenkai, the most notable representative of the Misty Poets, a group of Chinese poets who reacted against the restrictions of the Cultural Revolution
- Also:
- Agha Shahid Ali, English poet (died in 2001)
- David Bottoms
- Cathy Smith Bowers, American poet, teacher; North Carolina Poet Laureate, 2010–2012
- Olga Broumas Greek-born and raised, English-language poet in the United States
- Victor Hernandez Cruz, African-American
- Gil Scott-Heron, African-American poet, musician, and author
- Denis Johnson, American
- Alice Major, Canadian poet
- Mary di Michele, Canadian poet and writer
- Barbara Ras
- Liam Rector, American poet, essayist and academic
- David St. John, American poet and academic
- C. D. Wright, pen name of Carolyn D. Wright, American poet
Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- March 2 – Sarojini Naidu (born 1879), Indian writing Indian poetry in English
- April 28 – Chairil Anwar (born 1922), Indonesian poet
- May 5 – Hideo Nagata 長田秀雄 (born 1885), Showa period Japanese poet, playwright and screenwriter (surname: Nagata)
- May 6 – Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian poet, playwright and Nobel Laureate
- June 15 – Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer, also known simply as "Ulloor" (born 1877), Indian, Malayalam-language poet, scholar and government official who published a five-volume history of Malayalam literature[26]
- July 18 – Alice Corbin Henderson (born 1881), American poet
- July 25 – Lilian Bowes Lyon (born 1895), English poet
- December 28 – Hervey Allen (born 1889), American novelist and poet
- Also – Fredegond Shove (born 1889), English poet
See also
Notes
- ^ Kennedy, Randy, "Edgar 'Poe Toaster' Is a No-Show", January 19, 2010, "Arts Beat" column, p C2, The New York Times, retrieved same day.
- ^ Ackroyd, Peter (1980). "Chronology". Ezra Pound. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. p. 118.
- ^ Sutherland, John; Fender, Stephen (2010). "14 April". Love, Sex, Death & Words: surprising tales from a year in literature (2011 ed.). London: Icon Books. ISBN 978-184831-247-0.
- ^ Balfas, Muhammad (1976). "Modern Indonesian Literature in Brief". In Brakel, L. F. (ed.). Handbuch der Orientalistik. Vol. 1. Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill. p. 79. ISBN 978-90-04-04331-2.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Selected Timeline of Anglophone Caribbean Poetry" in Williams, Emily Allen, Anglophone Caribbean Poetry, 1970–2001: An Annotated Bibliography, page xvii and following pages, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002, ISBN 978-0-313-31747-7, retrieved via Google Books, February 7, 2009
- ^ a b Gustafson, Ralph, The Penguin Book of Canadian Verse, revised edition, 1967, Baltimore, Maryland: Penguin Books
- ^ Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 313, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010
- ^ a b Allen Curnow Web page at the New Zealand Book Council website, accessed April 21, 2008
- ^ Web page titled "Ursula Bethall" in An Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1966 website, accessed April 21, 2008
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
- ^ a b Richard Ellmann and Robert O'Clair, editors, The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry, W. W. Norton & Company, 1973, ISBN 0-393-09357-3
- ^ "James Kirkup", Leeds University Library website, retrieved November 30, 2008
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Ludwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press ("If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)
- ^ Untitled review by A. Norman Jeffares, of book in The Review of English Studies, New Series, Vol. 2, No. 7 (Jul., 1951), pp. 291-293
- ^ Rees, William, The Penguin book of French poetry: 1820-1950, p 810, Penguin, 1992, ISBN 978-0-14-042385-3
- ^ a b Bree, Germaine, Twentieth-Century French Literature, translated by Louise Guiney, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983
- ^ a b c d e Auster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982 ISBN 0-394-52197-8
- ^ Rigaud-Drayton, Margaret, Henri Michaux: Poetry, Painting and the Universal Sign, Bibliography, p 165, Oxford University Press, 2005, retrieved via Google Books on August 10, 2009
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Das, Sisir Kumar and various, History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy, Volume 2, 1995, published by Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9, retrieved via Google Books on December 23, 2008
- ^ "Chile National Literature Prize Winner Alfonso Calderon Dies", obituary, August 8, 2009, Latin American Herald Tribune, retrieved September 4, 2009. Archived 2009-09-06.
- ^ [1] Web page titled "Haim Gouri" at the Institute for the Translation of Hebrew Literature Web site, accessed October 6, 2007
- ^ "Danish Poetry" article, pp 273, in Preminger, Alex and T. V. F. Brogan, et al., The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993. New York: MJF Books/Fine Communications
- ^ Shrayer, Maxim, "Aleksandr Mezhirov", p 879, An Anthology of Jewish-Russian Literature: Two Centuries of Dual Identity in Prose and Poetry, publisher: M.E. Sharpe, 2007, ISBN 0-7656-0521-X, ISBN 978-0-7656-0521-4, retrieved via Google Books on May 27, 2009
- ^ "Cumulative List of Winners of the Governor General's Literary Awards", Canada Council. Web, Feb. 10, 2011. http://www.canadacouncil.ca/NR/rdonlyres/E22B9A3C-5906-41B8-B39C-F91F58B3FD70/0/cumulativewinners2010rev.pdf
- ^ Grimes, William. "Jim Carroll, Poet and Punk Rocker, Is Dead at 60." NY Times. 13 September 2009. Web. <http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/14/books/14carroll.html>.
- ^ Paniker, Ayyappa, "Modern Malayalam Literature" chapter in George, K. M., editor, ' 'Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology' ', pp 231–255, published by Sahitya Akademi, 1992, retrieved January 10, 2009.