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James W. "Catfish" Cole

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James William "Catfish" Cole (1924 – 1967) was a leader of the Ku Klux Klan of North Carolina and South Carolina. He called himself a Grand Dragon.

Rise to infamy

Cole is a racist prick who believed that he could take on a pack of Lumbees. However, he ended up losing the battle and the Lumbees won. and the rest is history. the end.

Aftermath

Whereas Cole's defeat in Monroe was met with indifference by the press, the Klan's failed confrontation with the Lumbees was highly publicized and led to Cole's arrest and conviction. Cole served a prison sentence (1959-1960) for inciting a riot after which he moved to Portsmouth, Virginia. There, Cole worked as a private detective before returning to Kinston, North Carolina, in 1962, to operate a print shop. Cole began the Helping Hands C.B. Club and was also involved in the Committee for Better Government, a political action group with Ku Klux Klan overtones. In 1966, Cole attempted a takeover of the Klan organization but died less than one year later from injuries sustained in a car accident.

References

Further reading

  • "James William Cole Papers," Joyner Library, East Carolina University.
  • Tyson, Timothy B. Radio Free Dixie: Robert F. Williams and the Roots of Black Power. 416 pages. University of North Carolina Press (February 1, 2001). ISBN 0-8078-4923-5.
  • "Raid by 500 Indians balks North Carolina Klan rally." New York Times, January 19, 1958: 1.
  • "Cole Says His Rights Violated." Greensboro Daily News, 20 Jan. 1958: A1.
  • "The Lumbees Ride Again.” Greensboro Daily News, 20 Jan. 1958: 4A.
  • Morrison, Julian. "Sheriff Seeks Klan Leader's Indictment: Cole Accused of Inciting Riot Involving Indians and Ku Klux." Greensboro Daily News, 20 Jan. 1958: A1-3.
  • "Cole faces indictment; disgusted . . . quits." Robesonian, 21 Jan. 1958: 1.
  • Ryan, Ethel. "Indians who crushed rally were mature tribesmen." Greensboro Record 21 Jan. 1958: A1.
  • "Judge deplores Klan entry into peaceful Indian land." Robesonian 22 Jan. 1958: 1.
  • "Redskins whoop Lumbee victory." Robesonian 23 Jan. 1958: 1.
  • Brown, Dick. "The Indians who routed the ‘Catfish’." News and Observer 26 Jan. 1958: Sec. 3, p.1.
  • "North Carolina: Indian raid." Newsweek 51 (27 Jan. 1958): 27.
  • "Bad medicine for the Klan: North Carolina Indians break up Kluxers’ anti-Indian meeting.” Life 44 (27 Jan. 1958): 26-28.
  • "When Carolina Indians went on the warpath–." U. S. News and World Report 44 (31 Jan. 1958): 14.
  • "Indians back at peace and the Klan at bay." Life 44 (3 Feb. 1958): 36-36A.
  • "Klan Wizard Cole gets 2-year sentence; Titan Martin draws 12 months. Both free on bond; both file appeal." Robesonian 14 March 1958: 1.
  • "Heap bad Kluxers armed with gun, Indian angry paleface run." Ebony, 13 (April 1958): 25-26, 28.
  • "Lumbee Indians form own news service." News and Observer 10 April 1958: 23.
  • Craven, Charles. "The Robeson County Indian uprising against the Ku Klux Klan." South Atlantic Quarterly 57 (Autumn 1958): 433-42.
  • "Night-riding Invaders." Winston-Salem Journal, (February 1958), reprinted and distributed in pamphlet form by the Western North Carolina Conference Board of Social and Economic Relations of the Methodist Church.

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