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Spyker Cars

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This article is about the Spyker sports car marque founded in 1999. For details about the holding company, see Spyker N.V. For details about the Spyker car and aircraft manufacturer in operation from 1880 to 1926, see Spyker.
Spyker Cars
IndustryAutomotive[1]
Founded1999[2]
FounderMaarten de Bruijn[2]
Victor Muller[2]
Headquarters
Zeewolde
,
Netherlands[3]
Key people
Peter van Erp, COO[4]
ProductsSports cars[1]
RevenueDecrease €6.1 million (2012) [5]
Decrease (€13.8 million) (2012)[5]
Increase (€114 million) (2012)[5]
Total assetsDecrease €0.1 million (2012)[5]
Number of employees
37 (FTE, average 2012)[5]
ParentSpyker N.V. (1999 - present)[6]
Websitespykercars.com

Spyker Cars is a Dutch sports car marque.[7] The modern Spyker Cars holds the legal rights to the brand name.[2] The company's motto is "Nulla tenaci invia est via", which is Latin for "For the tenacious, no road is impassable".[2] The marque's logo displays the rotary engine of an airplane, a reference to the historic Spyker company which manufactured aircraft.[8] In an attempt to save Spyker from bankruptcy, Swedish Automobile in September 2011, announced the immediate sale of Spyker to American private equity and hedge fund North Street Capital for €32 million (US$41 million).[9] However, it has since been revealed that the transaction did not occur leaving the future of Spyker uncertain.[10]

History

The earlier Spyker Silvestris V8

The reborn company was founded by Victor Muller and Maarten de Bruijn in 1999, and since 2000, Spyker has been building exclusive sports cars like the C8 Spyder and the C8 Laviolette (with its elegant glass roof).[11] Spyker's history of producing aero engines is reflected in details in these new cars as well as in the logo.[11] Before building the C8, de Bruijn had been building small numbers of the Spyker Silvestris, which in many ways foreshadows Spyker's later cars.

The C8 Laviolette and C8 Spyder have a 4172 cc Audi V8 engine delivering 400 bhp (298 kW; 406 PS), acceleration 0–60 mph in 4.5 seconds and a top speed of 300 km/h (190 mph).[12][13] On July 14, 2005, it was announced that the C8 was approved for sale on the United States market.[14][15]

A Spyker C8 at Salon Prive, London, England.

Between 2002 and 2006, Spyker built the C8 Double 12 S, which was available from the factory with 5 different levels of performance called Stage I (400 h.p.) through Stage V (620 h.p.), depending on the customer's need for performance.[16]

Between 2003 and 2007, Spyker built the C8 Spyder T, with the Twin turbo being developed in conjunction with Cosworth from England.[17] These engines were capable of 525 h.p. and acceleration times of 4.0 seconds.[18][19]

In 2005, the head designer and founder, Maarten de Bruijn, left the company, and founded Silvestris Aquamotive which builds aluminum space frame speed boats.[20][21]

In 2006, Spyker built the C12 La Turbie with an V12 engine capable of 500 horsepower and acceleration from 0–60 mph in less than 4 seconds.[22][23]

In September 2006, Spyker bought out the Midland F1 team.[24] The team competed in the final 3 races of the 2006 season as Spyker MF1. In the 2007, the team competed as Spyker F1 using engines supplied by Ferrari. Driver Adrian Sutil was paired with Christijan Albers until the European Grand Prix where the latter was replaced by reserve driver Markus Winkelhock; the team then signed Sakon Yamamoto to fill in the slot for the rest of the year. The team itself had minimal success, suffering from multiple retirements (including double retirements in Malaysia, Canada and Brazil) before Sutil scored the team's first and only point in Japan. At the end of the season, the team was sold to a consortium named "Orange India" led by Vijay Mallya and was subsequently renamed as Force India.[25]

On May 27, 2004, Spyker Cars listed on the Euronext Amsterdam Stock Exchange at €15.50, falling to a low of €8.28 in April 2005.[26] The stock rebounded sharply in early 2006 to over €22 per share.[27][28] Early in 2007 the stock showed a sharp decline to levels beneath €13 because of financing issues.[26] As a result, several stock issues were announced to big investors. Notably, all shares have been sold at higher prices than the market price at the moment of announcement.[citation needed] On November 13, 2005, Spyker Cars and Mubadala Development Company, a principal investment company wholly owned by the government of the United Arab Emirates,[29] announced their strategic alliance, with Mubadala acquiring 17% of Spyker.[30] Mubadala has a strong relationship with sports cars, also controlling 5% of Ferrari.[31][32]

In 2007, Spyker, in collaboration with the Italian car-design firm Zagato, produced the C12 Zagato, based on the C12 La Turbie, but with more appealing body work, faster speeds, and the Zagato trademark roof bubbles.[33][34] This is perhaps the more exclusive Spyker car to date.[35]

In November 2009, Spyker announced that it would be moving production from Zeewolde to Whitley, Coventry, where assembly would be done in partnership with CPP Manufacturing.[36][37] UK production began in February 2010.[38] Due to the bankruptcy of SAAB and a falling out with business partners, the production was not moved to the UK. Spyker cars attempts, since 2012, to restart production in the Netherlands.

Ownership of Saab Automobile

On 26 January 2010, General Motors (GM) confirmed that Spyker and GM had come to an agreement allowing Spyker to purchase Saab Automobile,[39] subject to regulatory and government approval; the sale was completed on February 23, 2010.[40] General Motors will continue to supply Saab with engines, transmissions and also completed vehicles in the shape of the new Saab 9-4x from GM's Mexican factory. The deal includes a loan from the European Investment Bank, guaranteed by the Swedish government. It comprises US$74m in cash up front, payable to GM by July 2010, and shares in Spyker to the tune of US$320m.

On February 23, 2010, Spyker Cars closed the deal to buy Saab Automobile from General Motors. Spyker and Saab operate under the parent company Swedish Automobile, named Spyker Cars N.V.[41]

Saab Automobile quickly ran out of money and Spyker was unable to fund the losses. The companies stopped paying their bills early 2011. On March 30, 2011, production was halted at Saab Automobile, because suppliers refused to deliver without payment.[42]

Spyker CEO Victor Muller made several attempts at acquiring funding. A joint venture with Chinese company Hawtai was announced on May 3, 2011, only to fall apart a week later. Shortly afterwards joint ventures with Chinese car maker Youngman, and Chinese car-dealership chain Pang Da were announced. Negotiations ended with Spyker attempting to sell all of the shares in Saab Automobile to the Chinese companies on October 28, 2011, for 100 million euros. This transaction did not have the approval of former Saab-owner General Motors, who refused to supply technological licenses to Youngman and Pang Da. The proposed deal fell apart. Spyker CEO Victor Muller applied for the bankruptcy of Saab Automobile on December 19, 2011.[43]

On 16 April 2012, a meeting on Saab’s bankruptcy was held at the District Court of Vänersborg.[44] The official receivers in charge of the Saab liquidation valued the assets at US$500m and the debt at US$2,000m. After subtracting the value of the assets, Saab leaves a debt of US$1,500m.[45]

A Swedish book chronicling the bankruptcy of Saab Automobile, Saabs sista strid, was published on August 28, 2011, by Swedish journalist Jens B Nordström.[46]

Spyker after Saab

In March 2013, the B6 Venator was unveiled at the Geneva Motor Show, the B6 Venator was noted as Spyker's first concept car in nearly four years.[47]

On September 16, 2013, Spyker Cars' parent Spyker N.V. lost its listing on Euronext Amsterdam after failing to undergo a restructuring agreement.[48]

On November 5, 2014, the Dutch Court "Midden Nederland" ordered Spyker to leave, within seven days, the factory they rented and to pay 152.000 euro in overdue rent.[49] The claim was made by Jacques Walch, the owner of the factory rented by Spyker. Despite this, CEO Victor Muller insisted the company would be able to pay its bills "in a matter of days."[50]

On 2 December 2014 Spyker NV was granted a financial restructuring by the Dutch court "Midden Nederland". Spyker needs protection from creditors for its liquidity problems. Victor R. Muller, Spyker founder and chief executive, said “Over the past few years, Spyker has faced a number of serious difficulties and challenges resulting from, among others, the legacy of the F1 era and the acquisition of Saab Automobile AB,”.[51]

On 18 December 2014 Spyker NV was declared bankrupt by the Dutch court "Midden Nederland". Spyker needs protection from creditors for its liquidity problems. Victor R. Muller, Spyker founder and chief executive, said “Over the past few years, Spyker has faced a number of serious difficulties and challenges resulting from, among others, the legacy of the F1 era and the acquisition of Saab Automobile AB,”.[52]

Proposed sale

In February 2011, it was announced that Swedish Automobile, the Dutch owner of Saab Automobile, agreed to sell its sports-car unit to Vladimir Antonov. Antonov, a former Spyker chairman and shareholder, is expected to pay 15 million euros (US$21 million) for the company.[53][54] However, in March 2011, the deal fell through,[55] with Spyker's manufacturing partner CPP Manufacturing placing a bid, but this deal fell through later that month.[56][57]

In September 2011, it was announced that Swedish Automobile would sell Spyker Cars, in an all-cash offer to an American private equity and hedge fund North Street Capital, for €32 million (US$41 million).[58][59] In January 2012, Swedish Automobile again offered Spyker cars up for sale, but this sale did not actually occur. [10][60]

In August 2012, Spyker announced that Youngman Ltd. acquired a 29.9% stake in its parent company Spyker N.V. for €10 million (US$12.5 million).[61]

Models

Between 2009 and 2010, Spyker sold the C8 Laviolette LM85, which is a special edition car with orange paint, black wheels, and many "ready-for-track" enhancements.[62] The interior is black with orange piping, and the customers of this car were permitted to stay with the Spyker crew in any of the 2009 LeMans races.[63] In 2009, the Spyker C8 Aileron debuted at auto shows with the same power output as the C8 Spyder and C8 Laviolette, but with more modern technology, and manufactured in a more modern way.[64] Spyker has produced a lineup of 14 vehicles, as of 2012 (including concepts).[65]

Current models

Spyker D12 Peking-to-Paris.

Spyker currently has two production ready cars they are (as of 2013 model year):[64][66]

Spyker D12/D8

In 2006, the Spyker D12 Peking-to-Paris high-performance SUV, was announced at the Geneva Motor Show.[67]

Spyker C12 Zagato.

But the mass-production, which was slated for a mid-2008 production, was delayed and the V12 engine from the concept car has been changed to an Audi sourced W12 at around 500 bhp (373 kW; 507 PS). Its name was then changed to the D8.[68]

Spyker hoped that the assistance of Saab, which they now own, would help the D8 reach production.[68] According to Muller in April 2011, the D8 should have started production in early 2013, with a price tag of £186,000.[69] However, in March 2013, production was secluded for 2016, with a production prototype due by 2014.[47]

Spyker C12

Spyker's older model, the C12 is a luxury sports car, and has two variants:[65]

Spyker E8/E12

Spyker shareholders and CEO, Victor Muller hinted at a Maserati Quattroporte, Porsche Panamera rival with an eight-cylinder (the E8) or a twelve-cylinder (the E12) engine but due to problems getting the D8 into production, the idea was ignored until 2009 when Muller has said he "believes now could be the time to resurrect the saloon." [70] Muller believes it will take about four years from the time that the E8/E12 is revealed to actual production.[70]

Sales

Spyker's all-time high was achieved in 2006, with 94 cars sold, about 290 cars were sold between 2000-2010.[71][72][73]

Calendar Year Total Sales
2000 1
2001 2
2002 3
2003 12
2004 31
2005 48
2006 94
2007 26
2008 43
2009 36
2010 "Pending"
2011 12
2012 2
2013 0
2014 0

Results

Spyker lost substantially since 2007. This table summarizes the key figures of Spyker Cars from 2007 to 2012. The figures originate from the Spyker Annual Report 2011 and 2012.[5]

in millions
Year Turnover Company-
result 		Net
result 		Capital
 Stock
per year end 		Number employees
in FTE (x 1)
2007 €5,1 € -29,7 € -71,3 €25,6 9,7 166
2008 €7,9 € -21,8 € -24,8 €24,9 15,6 132
2009 €6,8 € -19,2 € -22,9 €2,6 15,9 131
2010 €3,3 € -64,1 € -218,3 € -206,5 17,5 55
2011 €1,5 € -13,8 €16,1 € -151,2 36,0 56
2012 €0,7 € -6,1 €114,4 €0,1 373,9 37

References

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