Cultivated Indian English
 |
| This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2014) |
This is the most respectful variety of English Language spoken in India.It is still a new way of speech.
Introduction
The accent is more or less similar to Received Pronunciation with a Indian Influences.It is closely approximating Received Pronunciation and associated with younger generation of urban and sub-urban regions of metropolitan cities of the country.
Phonology
Vowels
| Pure vowels (Monophthongs) | ||
|---|---|---|
| English diaphoneme | Cultivated Indian Englishphoneme | Example words |
| /æ/ | [æ~a] | act, pal, trap |
| /ɑː/ | [ɑː] | blah,father,palm,pass, bath |
| /ɒ/ | [ɔ] | lot, top, wasp,bother, |
| /ɒ/ | [ɔ~oː] | dog,loss |
| /ɔː/ | [ɔː~oː] | all, bought,saw,taught |
| /ɛ/ | [ɛ] | dress, met, bread |
| /ə/ | [ə] | about, syrup, arena |
| /ɪ/ | [ɪ] | hit, skim, tip |
| /iː/ | [iː] | beam, chic, fleet |
| /ɨ/ | [ɪ] | island, gamut, wasted |
| /ʌ/ | [ɐ~ä] | bus, flood, what |
| /ʊ/ | [ʊ~ɵ] | book, put, should |
| /uː/ | [uː] | food, glue, new |
| Diphthongs | ||
| /aɪ/ | [äɪ~ɑɪ] | ride, shine, try |
| /aʊ/ | [æʊ~ɑʊ] | now, ouch, scout |
| /eɪ/ | [eɪ~ɛɪ] | lake, paid, rein |
| /ɔɪ/ | [ɔɪ~oɪ] | boy, choice, moist |
| /oʊ/ | [oʊ~əʊ] | goat, oh, show |
| /oʊ/ | [oʊ~ɔʊ] | goal,cold |
| R-colored vowels | ||
| /ɑr/ | [ä(ɹ)~(ɑɹ] | barn, car, park |
| /ɛər/ | [ɛə(ɹ)] | bare, bear, there |
| /ɜr/ | [ə~ɐ] | burn, first, herd, learn, |
| /ər/ | [ə(ɹ)] | doctor,murder |
| /ɪər/ | [ɪə(ɹ)] | fear, peer, tier |
| /ɔr/ | [ɔː(ɹ)~oː(ɹ)] | horse, war |
| /ɔər/ | [ɔː(ɹ)~oː(ɹ)] | hoarse,score |
| /ʊər/ | [ʊə(ɹ)~ɔː(ɹ)~oː(ɹ)] | poor,tour |
| /jʊər/ | [jʊə(ɹ)~jɔː(ɹ)~joː(ɹ)] | cure, Europe, pure |
Consonants
ʍ spelled "wh" and w spelled "w" are merged to later form. Linking R is used but intrusive R is not permitted.The consonant clusters /tj/, /dj/, /nj/, /sj/ and /lj/ (as in tune, due, new, pursue, evolution) all may present, as found in Received Pronunciation but more often they are pronounced as /tʃ/, /dʒ/ and /ʃ/ in tune, due, pursue
Voiceless plosives (/p/, /t/, /k/, /tʃ/) are aspirated at the beginning of a syllable, unless a completely unstressed vowel follows. (For example, the /p/ is aspirated in "impasse", with secondary stress on "-passe", but not "compass", where "-pass" has no stress.) Aspiration does not occur when /s/ precedes in the same syllable, as in "spot" or "stop".
Syllable final /p/, /t/, /tʃ/, and /k/ may be either preceded by a glottal stop (glottal reinforcement) or, in the case of /t/, fully replaced by a glottal stop, especially before a syllabic nasal (bitten [ˈbɪʔn̩]). The glottal stop may be realised as creaky voice; thus, an alternative phonetic transcription of attempt [əˈtʰemʔt] could be [əˈtʰemm̰t].